The Mysteries of Opium Reveal'd

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'^=^^-^

6000408S8V

l4«?S^ -^ ■ ^

tiX A?7?„T™ LIBRARY

BY ALL SOULS COLLEGE

MCMx yy;

CL

^■Vw

\

from the College of Thyficians^
Ocl. 5. 1700.

I

Mr. Smith,
Have Read the Book
_ you fent me, which, for
the great Difcoveries con-
tain'd therein, is juftly En-
titled, The Myfteries of O-
pium ReveaN : It has no
need of Mine, nor of any .'.i
other Approbation : For fucf
Extraordinary PerformaneeSj
as this is, are more iecure of
a Kind Reception in the
World by their own great
Worth, and Ufefulnefs to
the Publick, than by any
otherRecommendation v
foever.

Yours,

Thomas Burwelut

I

T H F

MYSTERIES
OPIUM

Reveald,
Dr. JOHN JONES,

Chancellor o/Landaff, a Member of the CoHeac
ofPhyfriavshlDNDO^: Andfoimcriy
Fellow (7/ Jcfiis-College i'« OXFORD,
w il o,

I, Gives an Account of the NUme, W*l/, Chtict, EfrBs,
irt- of OfiHTB.

n. Proves all fornier Opinimi if in Oftraiim to be meet
Chixtra't.

III. Demonftrates what its tnu Cnuft i? ; by which he
cadlv, and Mcchaiiicilly cJiplaim aU (even its moft mjfii-

-iw) £/..?.,

IV. Shews jrs mxloM Prindfle, and how to feparatc t .
thereby i cndering it a late, anJ noble Pannaa w hereof

V. lie Ihew) the faSiativi, and curativt Ujt ' "

A DEO LUX.

L O W fl O N; -Viii^i^

Printed for Rkherd Sm'ich at the .^il W DiUe without
Tim^lt-Bar. MDCCI.

1

I

T O T H E

KINGS

Moft Excellent Majefty,

William III. &c

H

May it plea fe Tour Majeftj^

[ Aving no Meaiis to attort"
for my bold Ejfay to exprels
Your MAJESTY'S glo-
ritm AMs, and Virtues upon a ImaU
fillar, (as much toa varrorp to con-
tain, as my Pe7i was too fliort to
reach them) but by this Poor Sacri-
fice, making ove Prefionftion the
Advocate of the other, (as if Gjfetufs,
\iOK no Proportion to Your ROYAI,
Notice^ and Clemency without accu-
mulating themj I humbly implore
■ A 4 GODs

VE'DICJTION.

GOD's Reprefentathe in Mercy, as
well as Power, to be a Saviour in
pardoning, as well as freferving. I
confefs nny Attemft as daring and
ejfuming, as that of the Arro-
gant, and Sturdy Giants to fcale
Heaven, being too great a r<is4
for a general Confuh of the moft
exalted Wits on £ar(/), if not of
Angels, and refinJ feparate Souls,
of whofe Number mine, by fre-
quent Ecfiafies of Than^s,3nd Praifes,
■for the rosa'm Your MAJESTY
I :has wrought for us, fecms as it
I .were ambitious to be one ; as well
{•(knowing, that fuch miraculous Ex-
\floits far tranfccnd the Conceptions,
.and higheft Flights of thofe that arfe
' clog'dwithBoirtes; which had quite
balk'd my Endeavours to dcfcribe
them, but that thofe uncontrollable
Raptures ufed Violence upon my M»-
defy,3nd a long defeated ExpeSation
ol better Pens render'd my Impatience
Dutragivm, to find Men filent, where
they

i

T) ETiICJTION.

the) cannot be hud enouej) ; as if the
JmfraHkablenefs of adequate Thanhs
had pali'd that Spirits ; Or the vaft
Catara^s oiBtefingCiom MAIESTY
pour'd upon us had overwhelm'd ;
Or the confequent £a/f,and Securit)
lull'd them afleep ; Or out exuberant
Profferity overgrown the Memory
of its braTie, and generous Author :
The Thoughts of which Ingratitude,
what Z-oya/, or Moral Heart can bear
without the higheH Indignation?
The Fre/,and Ferment whereof would
have even burfted its Vefel without
the Vent I gave it in exprefling my
Thoughts upon that Pillar ; to mind
the forgetful, excite the Lethargici^
and give all a Model by my Paper-
building to eredt more fumptuom and
permanent Monumentsoi what GOD,
and Your MAJESTY'S unparallel'd
Magnanimity, Courage, and ConduSil,
have done for us.

Since that was my Defign, Grati-
tude my Motive, Deeds and Quali-
fica-

L

'DEVICJTION.
fications, that have no commenfo-
ratt Words, my Theme ; I hope i>e-
feSis in Exprejjion will not intercept
a gracious Afpe^.

If the Book, affords any Thing nea,
or ufeful. Tour MAJESTY is the Au-
thor, as Preferver of our Lives, and
E/iablifher of the neceffary Tranquil-
lity for Thoughtful Studies, and In-
ventions i, therefore I humbly prefent
it to Your moft Sacred MAJESTY,
as Mra do Oblatio7is to the DEITY
from whom they receiv'd them;
making it (as far as in me lies)
doubly Yours, as is,

ilOYAL SIR,

roar M A J E S T Y's

^Humble, JSubjca,
tdoftVbedienI,;? And
iThmtkfuO Servant,

JOHN' JONES,

Becimje Ic&idi-ndt Jttefid the Correftion of
one Word in the whole Book, fome Er-
rours have efiaped the Prefs, j/oh have a
JJfi of the main^ and nu^ coneB^ or fafs
hy the Reft.

E R R ATA

Note^ TloMt d jtgmpis defe (tr hUt 9Ut) and al. Jtgnifief
always, tht firft Vigare Jf^ifies the Page, the fc*
cond the Lim.

PAge a, 7, d. snd; 6, 33, Bifytht& ; 7, ult. Smynta al.
II, ir, 5^^ 5 13, 16, lefs hitter; 20, 27, Helntmtianr;
21, <^, Bsuhin al. 23, iiyfinjile; 23, t ^, Dilatatim ; 24^
35, Monsrdes; 2^, 15, faffiative al. 27, i, Leipethymier al.
27, 33, ConftriSfiin; ^1^6, except; 37, ^^,hi?uieHfig ; 41,
31, vholely z\. 57, 20, apt^fJueiifHi ; Si, i^^vafonut;
6S, 3Q, cmteft; 72, i$ , nutritius ; 74, ir, or; 76, 13, JB^
»Mficl/; 75, 18, Vemitive; 84, 31, Helmemtitms ; 88, ult.
^fl/w. 91, ^^ Laxity; 91, y, ^«iMtf; 91, 16^ Narcotick ; 92,
10, defiitufe ; 95, 29, refiioue al. ^8, i6,d,af; 109, 3, f/&«r ;
1 09, 20, CentraSfions ; 112,6, Kigilative ; 1 20, '^o, effect aSy ;
123, 27, 5K^e<ow T^^fphgiftTBu ; 1 24, 27, refra^s ; 1 27,5,Djr-
fmt tries ; 1 29, 21 , rude ; 1 29, 36, d. f^iif^; 148, 2S,gaudet ;
i$2yi'}yjfphrodifiackf2l,i$^,i6ydefendirtg; 158, s^ObjeBs;
i6^y22yiniptitude ; j yo,^ yVoluntary; iy6yis,QrcW; 177,12^
Maflsch; 178, 35, jffarabacca; 187, 26, ^tt^fjuiKy M^'Jc^
'Ttfi ; 191, 9, falacioue ; 198, 26, tartareus ; 201, 12, fM;&-
/njg:; 208, 5, mollifying; 208, 12, Maflach ; 21(^,14,^071^
/«J^; 22Sy I, Paljies; 2$^, ii^ which u ; 26^^21, Platerue ;
^73,23,TifrreftBion; 27^ 3 ^yparenehymate ; 278,2,i;<r®p j
a85, 30 & 36, i/i/n^f ; 289, 19, Giy. y. 291, 6 & 7> ^^'-
Imium; 293, 64 fi^rf ^j? 7 Liiifx; 294, a, ^; *97>'5>
tedieui; 297, ^o, Preparstitms ; 303:, 23^ Centaury ; 312,
ai, d. w; 316, 30, LuxatiMs; ^2%, ii, graduaSfy ; 329,
19, Jeaknpes.

N9te^ That j and «, /and r, 1 and x (in Words Ends)
iand/^ vandy, are fometimes Printed one for the
other*

THE

MYSTERIES

O F

OPIUM

Reveald.

CHAP." I.

f Shews hove Opium had. its Nm^ie^ hate Uh
ntadej whence it comes. Sec.

TH E Opium, that was in Ufe in Amiint
Times, was made thus :
When the Vcfpy (which was gen«« J
rally the ii^aitt, and (bw'd then only '
in Gardens, and imtW IncIofiireO was come to
ks full giowth, and tnoft turgid of Milky Juice ,
which was in the hot Countries in M.iy and June •
they did, as foon as the Dew was up in tha
mocniogs, make Icveral InciHons tran(verny or
athwart the Heads of the Pepfm, yet not di-
I re<ftly hi/riz^nt4, but fomewhat ebU^uelj'^ taking
fi cat:

2 The Myfteries

care not to make them quite through into the
cavity thereof; holding the Kmfe^ or hfttumem,
with which the Ineifwm were made^ with its Edge
lloaping upward, while it wounded the Heads,
and conveniently placing certain Shells to receive
the Milky Drops^ that iflued out of the Incifiom i
and went backward among the Poppiei, as they
proceeded in this fVark,

1. Thsj chafe the Time when the Peppy Heads were
mofi tnrgid of Milk, to take it in the bell Condi-
tion for tlieir Purpofe ; for if they gathered it
Iboner, it was not fo Mature, and if afterward,
lorae of its Venue expired ; and the quamliy of
tlie Juice was leii, becaufc dry'd up in iomc
meafure, if not taken timely.

2. They made feveral Inciftons in e-vcry Pappy^j
Head, to have the greater Plenty of Juice.

3. They made them immediately after the Dew
^as up, to pj'evenr its being tainted with any of
the Dew ; and becaufe die great Heat of the Day,
in thofe Coitntreys, would much diminlih the Quan-
tity of the Milky Juice, and fb thicken it, that
it Would not run out as freely as in the Morn'

4. They made the tncifuHi tranfverjly^ thereby to
cut and lay open more of the Milky Veflels.

5. They made them fomeivhat obll'jttely^ [hat the
Drops might the better follow, and overtake one'
the other, and thereby coalefce, and grow more
confiderable in Balk, and that the oblique IVouni
might the better condurt them into the fame part
of the Shells J that they might find all togerher,
in a mafs, when it was fufficienily dried or inlpi£
iated by the Heat of the Sun.

6. They did not make the Imifions tjiiite through^
(if they could avoid it) led any of the Juiee
fiioiild run into the Cavity of the Head, and Ici be
loli among the Seeds contain'd therein.

7. They,

I
I

t)f Opium Reifcar J. 3

^. thty fioaftd tbt Edgr of the Knifiy or InJIra.
htent, upvards, m they made the Incifums, that the
Jukt might the eafier flide outwardly ; efpedally
in cafe they happened to make the Indfiom qiute
through, which they could not always avoid,
not^ithftanding all the C^rt they u(ed.

8. Thty iVKnt bachvari as tbey did ir, (0 avoid
gcnng by the ShtSi-, and incifed Hmidi j left they
ihould diforder, or difcompofe, or throw them
down, or wipe off any of the Juice with their
Cloaths.

This being done, they left the MiOy Juitt in
the SbtUi^ to inrpiflate by the Heat of the Sun
into a Vilular Cmjifience. 1 liave been the more
particular, to fliew Men how to make Opium of
Engiijh Pnppiti, which you'll find of good ufe.

The A/'% Juicf, as it dry'd or thickened, did
gradually change its ceUur from whin to a kind of
a redJsJh yellow (or tawny) colour, not unlikCf
that of a Lyon'i ffair, which eo/our you may ftilj
obfcrve on the infide of our common Opium^
when rudely torn by fene, if taken voiUe of upon
the teaiing ; for the ^ir does loon blacken it.

This fert of Opium gathered in Shells, &c, (33
is jdbreiaid) the Grecium (our Mafltn tn Pbyfickt
from whom we derive the Names of many of
our Medicamtnts, Difeafeiy &c.) called "o^©-,
which (ignifics fie j'aw, by way df Emlmme %
as wc call the Jcfititi Bark {the Bark) becaiife
moft ufefiil, and excellent.

The Latinei^ who had alfo their Learnings and
J^erdi bf Arty frOm the Greciani, called it Opium
from 'o«©- ; it being iifual with them in very
many Cafes, particularly in things made out of
other Matter (as Opium is made out of "O""©-
ibe Juice) to change os to .ww or mm^ ib that
'otQ- (or Opei) was by them calld Opif<m.

B 2

ths

4 T}>€ Myfteries

The Latimi becomii)g Mnjlen of the \^'orW,
and of every Thing that was good and excel-
lent » and all People obferving their Manmri,
Fajiiions^ Ufagtt, f^c. Ibme of the Ea/tern People
got the UJe and Name oiOfium from the Lannei,
which they in Procefs ol Tjme called 0/»m/by
changing "r (or pi) into / ; which is very com-
inon in all l^atii/m, becaule (he natural Purfuie
of Eaji, and Pleajitre, in the Run of Difceurfe,
changes the bardtr^ and harpier JounJj, into fuch
as are la/itr^ and jwucer, when they are like in
found, as ft and fi arc. The Sound of t (or p) is
harder than that of ji; i.Becaure it quite flops the
Breach, which the found utjf does not. 2. Be-
caule the found of T (or ^) requires the motion
of the Lo-u<fr Lip upward, againft its natural
gra-vitji, and the motion of the whole Lou/er 'faw
upward, by confcnt, to help that of the Up^
whereas in forming the found of /i the Lower
Lip moves only horizsmaSj ^ wliich is the eafieft
of Motions, except tlie Natural motion a^-weightf
Things tlvwnward, or light Things upwards ; yet
are both thofe Sounds like in i\\i\v formancn in £-
veral other rcjpith i as i . Becaule botli are 'wi-
iiocalized Saunas. 2. Both ai'C lah'ial. 3. The
To>3gue lies liill in its Natural Pi/irivi\\n forming
both. 4. The Uvula yal-ue, which (huts up the
Pfl^^e of the BreJth through the Nole, is Inut in
forming boih^ all which fliews, that the (bund
of ir (or f) -m i'or pi) is much h.iuUr ro b-j form"d
ilian th.it of /" (or fi) and yet confiderably Wf ;
which is the true Caufe wliy all Nations .f e apt
to change the harder fouuil of p' into the d'ficr and
like Scu/td of fi (or of p into that of /"): I put
pi and fi foj- Infiance, becauie the Likenefs ap
pears better in them by having (he lame Vuwt
after both; whereas when you lay f (orp«) f (ore'fil
the Dijjmnce of the P'^'eh add>;d, and ctie/

1

of Opium EeveaPJ. 5

of ee put after f^ and of e before f^ (to help
the Coriibnants to found) makes them (eem
unlike^ by realbn of the different bowels, fb di£.
ferendy placed ; whereas pi and fi, having the
fame ytrwel alike placed after them^ do truly
fhew their likenefs without cwfujim. It is by Rea*
fbn of this Likenefs.

ThatH^^^f*^ J Arc founded^ f M

I Sapphire^ 3 I Safifire, Of Safire^

That r^'pmov is Tranflatcd Tropb^eum (ox Tro*
faum) a Trophy.

BeHdes, that the Arabians did and do very
commonly change /> to/,

* •

Say ing<Ojft#w, S For iOfium^
I &c. \ l&c.

» %

And this /ii^w^ of tlie Sound of ^ and/, is tho
Reafm why pb fs Written for /, becaufe b fignifics
the founj of Breath expired, which if you ufe
upon founding p, it will be the (bund of/j fo
that /is a kind of a breathing p, that U ;'^.

Of which Miltter, the Curious in fuch Thing$
may find more to their fatisfadion in my Phono^
f^^pfy^ v4ien publifiied, which, I hope, will bo
fuddenly, if not before this Book.
«

They call it J in fbme of the Eafiern Countries,
jiffium^ or j^ffion^ inftead of Ofium^ it being ulual
in .all Countries to change the harder ^ and barjher
fomni of Oy to that of a, which is like it, but
^^ mdji^eeter. It is hence,

B 3 That

4 Th Myfieries

Caratj

Th4t WO arc apt to lay< l?^^,SFor

Changing the Sound of <? to that of ^ ; bo-r
came the *Sound of ^ is eafier^ and not
. pnlike that of o (as was laid.)

Some in thofe Parts call it Am^nm^ (or Am*
pion) for like Reafons^ all (doubtlete) deriving the
}JameSy that I have n^entioned, from the Greek
Word ''O'jr&y the Latines faying Opiumy fwhence *
we have it) the Arabians ^i^nfy and feme other
l^afiern People Afitm, or Affium, and others Am-

The beft Qpiufi^^ that was in Ufe in thofe ancient
Times J was had from Jiebes^ the Chief Town (or
Cify) pf fhe Country of TSe^^/i in Egypt, (not
Tie^e/ in Bceatiay ov Cicitia) which is nOw called
Thevfs \ Bccaufe) as ;> is apt to take the found of
fifQp and b are much more apf to take the yw;i/f
pf V, which is (as it were) a (^feeter fort of /i
with which it cifa^Hy agrees in its formation, but
that thgyiw^pf v is wcalized, (which fweetens
jr) and that of f is not It is from the aptitude of
file (bund of ^ and p, to change into the xt\o^

fwCQf found of v^

f. f ha{ CWliJren (ay, Atir;??/ for 4iiri/f, &(^

j Guberm,

;. f hj»t ^ or /3 iq <; b^ /«^ ^ flated tp<!' f^ado.

I H«Dpp«r, I j f^arro.

?• Th4f

t Ivory.
I Govern.
Is tran- j Dofvid^

H of Opinm Reveafcf. '7

^H r Sapor, T Is inn- ^ Sdvour.

^H 3. That f in JPafiHa, ^(kKdiOJPaviliaa.
^H LPrafojhut^^-v -n CProvofi.

^H Which changing of ^ and ^ co v, mud

^H doubclefs Iiappen in other Languages,

^H as well as thole 1 mentioned^ beciufe

^H '■ the /ei(*^ of V is Jo much tafier, and

^H fweeter, than either -, yet like them in

^^P found.

But the yoM»i/ of i is more liite that of t, be-
caufe the (oiind of both are vociiUzei!^ which that
of f (as has been faid) is not ; to that 1/ and v
agree exai^ly as p and f : This makes the E^-
ftians fay Theves for Ththts^ as the Arabiam lay
Ojfitfw for Opium.

Who knows, but this miy be the caufe why P
is a kind of Ihut Fy and F a kind of an open P ;
for fuppofe P opened at the round parr, to fignifte
that the Lips are not clofed in founding h\ and
that the lower (Iroak or part be left (hortcr, to
fignitie that the lower Lip is drawn inward in
founding F, the P becomes a perfed F.

The Reafoni why the Opium, that came from
Thebei^ fnow called Tbevet) was, and is the beft,
are, i. That Thibet (or Jhcvet) being in Egypi^
lies in a hotter Country, that is, nearer the Une
Cor Equator) than any of the Countries on the
North-fide of the Mediterranean'^ for it is obferved,
that tlie Beat of Climates contributes very much
f^xa the Strength of Opium^ which is weaker if
you make it in England or Germany, than in
France j in the Northern Parts of France, than in
Langaedoc^ which borders upon the Mediterranean;

Iand weaker there than in Smirna^ NutoUay Aleppo,
B 4 and

8 The Myfteries

and jifuUa, which ate more Sotithern ; and
weaker in chofe Places than in Thebats in Egyft :
For which caufe we may Jtidge, tliat tlic Opium
which comes to Eiglanii from ilie Eajt Imlus-, tliat
is yet hotter than E^ft, being much worfe than
that of Tbchs, (or Tbtv!i) muft in all ppobability
be adulterated, or made of the Ltavei AnASumi
of the Pofpjj (as fome (ay) otherwile it would
be rather better, as coming from the hotter Coug-
try. 2. That of Thtks may be better, bajffTe
the Heat of Egyft is more conftant, and n(ltorm,
than in NatoUa, Akf^o, Shtirna, ct^c.

The Quantity of Opium which was gathered
by the A^y Juice of the poppy's Hiads, dropping ^
into Sbelli out of the /"fi/ww aforetaid, being but H
ftiall ; and the Uft of this moft noble^ pleafing, ^
and generous of Cordials, and MeJicamints, daily
increafing, by the conjlavt and infallible Berjtfit
they fotind thereby ; Men, partly to avoid the
udioufnefi of gathering it by Drops, and partly out
of mcfffity, but mainly (*t!S to be doiibtcdj ouc
of eoveioiifwfsj began to bruife and pound die
Foppyu Htadsj and to (quecze out the Juice, for
Expedition and Quantitie't (ake J which bruiJlng,
and fqueefing, caufsd it to look blackifh.

This the Greeks, for Diflinttion's fake, called
Wmw-Vdc, from the Word Uvmvy which fignifics
Voppy ; (li!l calling the better /ort, which was ga-
thered in Shells out of tlie Incifions of the V'oppfi
Heads, ''Ot©-.

Thus have you the true Original of "Ot®-, and
\k»mvm, which the Latines (and we from them)
call Opium, and Meconium ; Tlio' (as it happens in
mofl Things in Mercliandife, to recommend 'hs^
Ceodi) we now call the Meconium, Opium, by the "
httter Name, as they do in another cafe (out of
abundance of abltird Civility) call every ^ck a

Aften

1

L

_ of opium Reveal' d.

Afterward (its Ufe growing more and more)
they added the Leava to die Popf>y\ Heads in the
pounding ■, bruiiing , and cxpreffing the Juice,
boiling ic for fpeed's fake to die confiftence of s
Cotfiifion ; which cooling, comes to the confi-
ftence that we have it in (I mean the freflier and
ibfter(brithatwehave)whichbythe forcible poun-
ding, fqueezing, and boiling, contratSts a blackirti
Co^iwr like thac o^ HaTfeAlocon the out-fide, to
which Colvur the Air does very much conci ibute,
and prcfling the Superficies dole together; for if
you rudely rear a piece of that we have (which is
all of this lalt kind) it looks at firft (as was (aid)
of a reJdijhTeSow; but the -^»r, efpccially if moift,
or any Moifiure, and handling o( it, and clofing
the Superficies together, loon makes it lookblackilS
again. This (as was intimated) is that wc now
call Opium^ and have in common Ufe.

Which being a\fo in common Vfe among the
Grecians when the Turk' Conquer'd them, was by
the Grecians thcmteWes called Feus ( or Pos with
the mouthed widely) which came doubtlefly
from "o^©- ; the Mtctmium at laft gaining the bet-
ter Name of "o*©- ( or Pom or Pos ) after the
manner aforefaid to recommend it (as all Opium
is now call'd Theb^n) and the O in the beginning
of "Ofl-®-, pafled over in the Run of Diicourfe,
which is not uncommon with Vo-a>eli, becaufe of
their j?.it Souvd, which is fo by reafon of the wide
Paiiage that the Breath has between the Tongue and
the Palate in the Formation thereof-, for l^idenejs
of Paffage is the caufe of Flatnefs; a Narrc-wneft
(in Birdi, Children, Slc) is the Caufc o( Sharptiefs o{
Seund; therefore the Seund of P^oiBelt being;?tfr,
fading, and confequently not as much milled as
jharper Sounds, we often omit Voxels, particularly
in the beginning o(tVords, for Eafe and ShortneU
fikc. Thus it comes w pals,

That

J

The Mjifteries

That Men fay<

■ Petbteary -\ T Apothecary.

Premiee | I Apprentice.

Small I p < Abuttals.

Larum f I AJarwn.

l^ht I Alight.

,p«(orP«j L'OtQ-

And as 'Ot& came to be founded Pas, fo Pir
fas naturally) to be (bunded v»f (or Ptut) bccaufe
k is eafier to Ibund « after o in this and Ibme other
cafes , than to omit it, as it is eafier to found p
between « and t &c. than not; as in tempt,
tntmft, lim^y 8cc. which are more eafily to (bund-
ed, than if the found of f were left ou^ whidi
I call Eapufi of Cenft'juence. Hence it is

(Sold
\Si>U

That ^ Bok

> Are founded

[Toll Sec i

r Bould.

Sould.

Hould.

Boult,

Joul.
lTouL &c.

Changing the o into on, as the Grecians did
Pos to FoM. For this and (uch reafons it is,
that the National Greek can hardly be un-
derftood by Scholars, when fpoken by the
Nati-ues.

It is for the feme Reafbn, that the Greeks write
Greek, ( as we do Enghjh, and the Frettcb do their
Language) different from what they Ipeakj fa
that if any Man (hould learn Fnnch, or Ettglifltf
and always found it as it is ufrit, or printeJ, he
would very hardly underftand them, as they ara
ralgarly Jpoieu ^ which is the very Cafe of fuch
as learn Greek by Bosk, who always found every
Letter,

I
I

L

of Opium ReveafJ. i |l

Letter , whereas the Native Greeks do ( what all
Nations do more or lefi) ftiortcn, and alter the
Sound of Words in the ■ Common Rut of DUl
courfe by a natural Ptopenfity unto, and Purftie
oi Eafe, FUafurty and SpeeJ, which by degrees
very much alters the Sound of Words

The Turks having been ufed co call the better
Son J that dropt out of the Incijims made in the
Poffy Heads, Mejlack^ continued that Name to that
Sat after they Conquer*d Greece, and call'd die
other Sorf, which they found in Ufc among the
Grecians by the Name that the Grectmi gave ir, -vk^
fete ; ana fuch as commonly ufe it they call Pou-
j?i by way of Contempt, as if we mould &t
Small teer.Dr inkers, in compariibi) of IVme-Drink.
trs.

You may eafily perceive by what has been Gid,
Wrf our QJium hath (b much Filth in it

Why it taftes fometimes of an Empyretim, or
Btirnitig, in not ftiiring it well while it is boiling
into a Cemfi^eme, and not giving it only a gentle
Heat when it begins to thicken, gradually leflen-
ing the Fire, or letting it conveniently decay,
and go out of it felf ; which is a very good Way
for ftch as have not other Conveniences ; for as
the Matter thickens, the Heat declines^ and fo be-
comes fafe from a Tafte of Burning, if the Fire
be duly proportion'd ; But all this TrontU is avoid-
ed by infpiuating by the Heat of the Sun, which
is ufed in fome Countries.

Note, That the Poppy of which Opium is made,
in all Tarty, Egypt, Thehes, &c. is the great White
Pcppy^ which grows very freely in thofc Parts,
and (as I am inform'd) without any inancring of
the Ground in lome Places ; certain ic is, that
they now havewhoie FielJs of that Whire Poppy,
out of which they make the Opium, as is aforelaid,
\iy foHiding, preifmg^ boiling^ 8cc.

CHAP,

The Myfteries

CHAP. II.
Of the EleHion ((w Choice) of Opium.

ALL Opium being made in ancient Times by
ihe Milky Drop thac fell out of the Indfiom
meadon'd in the lalt Chapter, which Being a na-
tural and fimple way, made no difference in the
ppunw, but what Nature it felf did; all rheir
fowwledge of the beft Ofutm confifted in didin-
guifliing the Theban from other Opium, which was
noc naturally fo good.

I. Tbeban Opium was of a lighter Ri/fiUjli Yellow
than other ibm, therefore fome call'd it ft^ire
O/anv, not that it was abjolutely white, but only
rdaiively fuch in comparifon with other kinds of
Ofam J as we fay ff^biie Rcjin^ in refpeft of other
Afia^ tho it is not while, but only lighter colour-
ed than other Kofm.

z. Theban Opium was mpft hot, bitter, and
UciDg in tafle, from whence you may infer, that
the Opium which has thofe qualities in the higheft
dtgree is the befi.

J. It fmeHed rankly, and sehemently of the
Pwy, which gives you another good fign to judge
of Ofium.

4. It burnt with a dearer FUmc than any 1
other. . *

5; Some (ay, that it was weightier than other
forts. Notwichftanding all which Differences,
th^ did in time find ways to adulterate it, which
were thefe :

1. They adulterated it with Juice of GUitm
(or ^pple oiLove,)

Thl9*

rhb^l

o/ opium KeveaN. 13

This was difceriiable by the Ttlkv T>i3Kre,
that it gave to IVater, and other Min^Tw>am\
whereas the Theban, and all true O^ium gives a Rid
Ttn&ure. ^

2. It Was countsrfeited with nfinom "tbtngt.
This Cheat was discoverable by its not bdi%

uniform^ nor lb diiToIvable in Wtair as good
Ofium.

3. It was mix'd with Juice oiLailuca Sytv^ritf
or /f?W Endive Itav'd Lettuce.

This made it of a duller colour^ and not to fincD '.
(b perfeiftly and rankly of the 'Poffj.

4. It was Ibraetknes mix'd with the Adilfyjmct
of Spurgt, which beitig hot^ bitter^ and ticpijt, was
hardly difcernable, but by its purging anddifhub-
tag quality, and Tomewhat leu and diiferenc

You may be fure, that thit, and all the other
Mixtures leuen'd its y^crtue as an Opiate, if otmfi-
dcred in the f^me quantity, becaufe they muft
tafce up room in the A/^/i; but LaSuca Sjimint
being of the nature of O^ium, made the lob of
iis Vcrtue lefs difccraable.

It is tru?, that we have none of the Ofi->» that
was gathered by the milky Dropi out of the.AKM
Jiaaj ^ and therefore what is laid, doth not nuidl*''''
concern us as to that fort ; however thefc Ob/ermt'
tiom will enlighten us as co the Opium that wc now
have.

or which I cannot find, that there is raudi
MaUerjtion uled, b«cau(e (\ fuppofc) that it is
now grown conllderably cheaper, by realbn of
the valt quansitiei that is made, wi[h lo much eafe,
that it is not worth while to counterfeit it, there
being now great Fields of Foppy in Turky ; (b that
our bulinefs will be rather to dilHoguifh the Sortf
ttun the Multemtion' tho this fhall not pa(s unro*
gardeti, as far as it may concern us.

g garded, as t

There

14 Thn Myfteriei

There are two forts brought over to us; ofii
from Perfit and the Eafi-Indies; the etber froiTl
"Tart/, as from Lefer Afia, (or I>fato[ia) Smyrna^
jiUpfo, &a »

I. That which is brought from Eafi-InJUy Perfit,
Swrtty 8cc. is (as 1 am inform'd) made of the
Leaves and Stems of the Vof^, and is,

1. More full of Fdtb widiin it, (for the oa€^a
k not (6 much to be regarded, bccaule of Acc'u

3.. It is not fo umfarm^ fmoolb, and /ip/'/e, blrt 1
harfh and rugged.

J. It is not fo readily diflblvable in Water.

4. The Indian is brought over in hrgtr Piecest

y. It is not brought fo wrapt in Leaves as the
Turky Of mm is.

^ntim fays, that they make it of the Stems and
ILttPotii if fo, k rauft be much worfe than the
Tmr^ Of'mm, that is made of the Heads and

IL Among thole forts that are brought out of
Turtj, (and indeed any forts of Of'mm)

i. That is beft that is moft huur^ bot^ and
iithg.

2. The lighter, whiter, and clearer its Flame is,
wfaen it burns, the better it is.

}. The more uniform, even, fmooth, tough, yield'
ifig, and complying it is :o be wrought, or brought
to any form, the better it is.

^ Tie more it gtiJes^ nfon, or againfl moiji JVea*
iher, or in a moift Air of any kind^ and the bet-
tff, fpcedier, freer, apd more perfeiftly it dilToIves
ia f^sier^ the better it is.

J-. Tie redder the TinSiure is tbtt it gives in W^-
tw. Spirit of Wine, ov^zny Mcn^r mm, the better
k is; and 'tis never good if it gives only AytUoy/
X/ifiiire,

i

^P 0/ Opium ReveaPd, \ 5

But N«e, Thai even the bcft Opium, if
you uke buc a very (light Tin&Hre thereof, wtU
appear yellowifh , cfpecially in a u'^iff ^*Jf'l-
Therefore my mcaniM is, that' the redder Tin-
fture C^/mr caules ia f^tr^ quantity for quantity,
the better it is.

6. It fliauld htn/t no tajie 9T fmtB of at Emt^reum^
or Burniag ■, for that gives it a nauleous caltei and
in (bme meafure fignifies a loG of its Vertue by
burning, tho this may be inconllderaUe.

7. 7«e left Filth it bat en tht infidt^ the iattr it
a,

8. The fmrt it fparklei v/hen eta, and i^envard
breathed upon three on four times, the truer is the
Opium J for ihofe fparkUng Particlei are its noble
Volatile Salt, (or Sal.Volatile-okcfttm ) and not its
rejmout Pum , as WeddcMs^ and Others affirm.
I. Becaufe when the Rojin and Volatile Salt are
leparated, that fparkling follows the Volatile Farts
and not the Rofin, wherein they do not appear in
the ieaft. 2, Becaufe I find that they are the
farti that are moft apt to diffolve in Water, which
the Rafin is not. 3. Becatile they are muchaltered
by a warm and moifl: Sr^^irj&f^wiich the refinous
Part is not. 4. How could ttiat Opiitm be the
btft fas 'tis found to be) that has moft of them,
if it were the RoJin, which is the worft Part of
Opium? But 'tis highly conlbnant to Experience,
that they fliould ise the Volatilt, or befi Parts of
Opiumy which is foTnuch the better, tKe more it
abounds with them,

9. If it yields any other TinBure than Red, it iswt
right i and the duller.'or paler the Red is, the worfc

r or weaker it is.

^H I o. tht bf^ is heavier In proportion to its Bulk,

^B M(^ch you may (bon experiment thus :

m

Weigh

i6 TheMyfterifs

^ Weigh an Ounce of each in the Jir, then weigh
them Ou'^ ^ ^^^y ^rc) in the Brafi Scales in f^a*
ttr^ and the heavier will out- weigh the, other in
Water I for the heavier any diing is, the lels Wa-
ter takes from its Weight \n proportion to its Bulk ;
this is an in&llible^ and moil ready way to know
the Weight of any thing in proportion to its Bulk.

.Note J That my Difcouffe is nioft particularly
concerning the bed fort of Crude Turky Opium ;
that is the foeft that we have in common V^e^ and
that its EffeBs and not thole of any. Preparation
thereof^ are (et down in the following Chapters.

■.O'

>

CHAP,

I

of opium ReveatJ. 1 7

C H A.P III.

The EffeSs $f Opium nfed externallj.

OflUM ufed ixternaUy has two forts of EF-
fetSs upon a Humane Body : i . As, an
tipiate to cau& Sleep , take away Pain, C-c
2. As an Akergtivt of the Parts ic is applied
to. •

I. As an Of late: It is of very uncertain and
uneven EfftSfs^ when applied externally ; for fbme-
times it caufes Sleef , takes away Pain ^ but it
often fails; therefore it is generally much better,
fcfer, more certain, and effecftual, to ufe it inttr-
nally. \ do fcarce know the cale wherein *cis bet-
ter to u(e it externally than inter nally^ unlefs ic be

to Cnell to in fome cafes: But of chefe Things,
more particularly, when we come to the Ufe of
Opium in Caring^ Preventing^ or Paliating Dip-
€ajes ; for here we only lay down EffeSls^ in order
to a Difjiiifitim of the Caufe of the Operation of
Opium^ to which its internal Effuts will mainly
contribute; however^ it may be very ufeful to
that end, to lay down its alterative Efftch , for
thereby we (hall in good meafiircknow the Prin
iciples by which it operates.

II. Its external Effdh^ as an Alterative^ are
the(e, viz>.

ft

1. Ic incideSy refolves^ and difcnjfes,

2. It relaxes and mollifies,

3. \t maturates gLnAJuppurates.

4. It exulcerates^ or caufes BlificrSy if it be very

firong^ and applied to Perfins of a fine Texture,

C where

1 8 The Myjieries

D^here the Shin is tender ; but this EffeB belongs
more properly to the Maflacky or true^OT®-^ that
drops from the Jncifions made in the Heads ' of tho
Foffies , efpecially the Tbeban ^ wtuch affords a
▼ery powerful Juice. Hence you may obfervej
that tne more it exulcerates^ or Uifiers, the better
is the Opium, & vice verfd.

J*. It is a Pfiotberick y for it preveints Hair to
grow^ and caules the (bedding thereof

6. It is burtful'to the Eyes and Ears.

7. It excites Itcttngs , applied (in a moderate
manner) to the Skin. «

8. It excites Venery^ applied to the Virinaum.

CHAP.

rfOi^mmReveatJ. i^

■ 1 • • ■ - - -I -I

CHAP. IV.

The EffeSs of Opium ufcd Intemtiify^ hi d
fkodsrate Dofa

!• Tp HE moderate Dofe in orJkutij Ufe^ ib pro-

± dace the following Effe&s, is from one to

three Grains ^ (more or leis) according to the

Circamfance^ Cmdkion^Cdfe^ConfiitUtioff^ jige^C'd

of die reribii who tak^ iu

2. tt operates generally in a Jhort time after it
is in the Stomachy tliat is^ in about half an Wour^
(tioxt or lefi) if taken in a liquid Form ; and iti
aboac an i£wr (inore dr le(s) if in a (olid FdhiK
drinking a Draught of ^^if er, or Ibme Lifisor, at
ter it } otherwue it may be femetimes near an
UoHt and a A^^ before it has its full £/^^. &]«(
die time of its Operation has a confiderable Latii
tkde^ according to the Difpofirion of the StoHMcJkg
^d other Circumftances, as the Febick k k taken
kiyC'c.

^
1

n

.•

2d The h^fieriei

*

The^ anfl^t EfeSs of Opmmj ufedinternalfy
in a moderate Doje.

r. b caufes a mofi agneahle^ fleafanty and charming
Sef^atioh, nhut the Region cf the Stomachy W^id[> if

one lies^ or fits ftill, diffufes it (etf in a kind of
itfdt finite manner^ feizing one not unlike the gentle^
fweet Deliquium that we find upon our entrance
into n moft agfeeAle Slumber^ which, upon y iel-
^dg to it , generally ends in Sleep : But if the
Pfinoti keeps himlelf in Action, Difcourfe^ dr Bujl.
*//, it leems (efpecially when given in a Morn.
ning, after a moderate Reft at Ni^t) Mkt i moll
delicious and extraordinary Refrejhment of the
S{)irits upon very good News^ or any other g^reat
CMtco^ Joy J as the fight of a dearly beloved Per-
fen, d^^. thought to have been loft at Sea^ or the
Kkfe, Caufing mch a pleafant Ovation of th6 Spirits^
Setehitj^ (^c. as we find after a competent Mea-
^tCo( generoffs Wine ad Hilaritatem^^SLS Men ufe tO

it IS indeed lb uhexpreflibly fine and (Weet a
Tleafure^ that it is very diflficuft for me to defcribc,
6Y ahy to conceive it, but liich as aAually feel it j
for 'tis as if a Good Genius poffelFed, or informed a
Man; therefore People do commonly call it a

heavenly Condition^ as if no worldly Pleajure wasto
be compared with it : Helmontianus would doubt*^
left exprels it by the Archeus in his very beft
Humour.

It has been compaiM fnot without good caufe)
to a permanent gentle Degree of that Pleafure,
which Modefty forbids the naming of; and 'tis
well worth a Remark, that both are Vleafures of
the fame Senie, viz,, thzioi Feeling ^ for it cannot
be a riea(ure of any other Senfe^ fuice it is inter'-
mL

\l.It

of Opiiwn ReveaPd. a i

£. b caufes a brisk^^ ,/imd good Humour: Nor do
I doubt txic it has this EfftS upon fleeping Per£>ns,
as far as their Gondicion is capable of obierviog
it j for you (hall have thetn often tell of jdeafant
Drosms ^fter it^ when they remember themt ^^
fpeak of any. See Baucbiny and the Authors meo^
dooed bdow onder the 4th Effect of Ofmm.

|. U €aufis Tromftitudiy Serenity^ jiUcrity^ and
Exfedhenefs i^ Diffatcbing and Managing of Bufinept

To which indy and that of a good and g^ Hu-
mour (^ which are near of Una) it is commonly
taken in the Morning in the EaHem Countries^ with
mpft wrtaio EffeS.

The truth of whioh Wcdelius is forced to 00m
fefi^ though quite contrary to his Hjpotbefis di

Opium's fifing and coagulating the SpHts^ giving at\
inftance of ^' a certain firene Perfon , v^ha wben Jhe
** iajd anf Affair of great moment to difpatcby did (he*
^^ forf^hand) take Opium witb great advantage \ for-
** fiiO thereby found her fclf every way better difpofed
^ for Bufinefsy and more enabled to bear the Fatigue
** thereof. Which is ti^o Suhfiance of what he writes ^*
in Latin,

Many other Authors confirm the Triitb of thc&
Ejfe&sf but (above all) the conftant Experience
of the Eafiern Nations ^ puts it out of all doubt,

4. It caufes AffurancCy Ovation of the Spirits^
Courage jOontempt of Danger y and Magnanimity^ mucli
after the manner that generous Wine docs ; inftead
of which, the Turks y B^c. ufe Opium before En^
gagementSy defper^te Attacks^ &c. (as i* moft no-?
tOFiousJ to make them Courageous^ whigh it cer-^
tainly does : For your (atisfavtion as to this^ an4
odyorEffe&s ofOpiumy not fo commonly obferved
with us, for Reafons given in Chaf. VIU. See BeU
ItmimJ. ^.ci^.p. 179. ErafiusDifp.de Sapor, p.6^.^
Georg. Andrea Itenerar. Ind. L 2. c. 9. />. ii.Camerar.
PpTj^Subcif /. I, c. J3. p. 437. Erafius Difp. deNarn

C I 'cor..

g9 The Myfteries

cot. Obemdirf. Hiftorians alfo add, That when
the Great Turk makes a conliderablc fVar , the
Soldiers buy up all or moft of the Opmm j which
way be worth a Merchant's Obfervation i for it
e[i:reupon grows dear, and is much cheaper in
pmes ofPeace.

y. It fri'Vfnts and takes tnvay Griefs Fear^ Anxi-
ttiei, Peevifhfiefi, Frcifuliefi^ &c. Thefe are nccei^
lary Confequences of the former Effeih.

6. li caufii EHfbinry^ or ea/ie' undergoing if all La-
bour^JouTneySj&e.inA that far beyond all IVsrus and
liot Cordials, or Spiritt j therefore it is very much
uled in Turkji and the EaJierH CeuritrkSf in labo-
rious tJnderta kings, great 'Journeys^ &c. which
Men perform by the oelp of Opium, after a prodi-
gious and altnoft incredible manner ; But the Mat-
ter vf Faff is ib common and ufual, that there is
no place of douk^ befidcs, that fome who tried ic
among us, have found ic fo.

7. It lulls, footbi, and (as It were J charms the
Mind with SatafnHiottj Acjuiefcence ^ Contentation^
Ecjuanimisy^ &c. How fliould it fail to caule thefc
Effciit, fince it cau(es all the former gay, pUafant,
and bra-ue Humoun ?

Dr. IViHis^ aild others, having no true Experience,
or Knowledge, of Opium, imagined that it caufed
Courage, Bravery, E<fuammity, &c. by ftupifying
the SiB/ei, Rrain, &c. making People inadvertent,
rfuji.and inapprehenilve ; which is a great A/z/rfif,
and a groundlefs Conceit ; for it is a moft certain
Truth fwhich millions can affirmj that it produ-
ces tho(e Efdit by an Qv.r.ion and Fleafure of the
fi'Ji.i-ve SquI and Spirits, as gmreiis WW does be-
fore Men are fuddled, or overcome with it ; How
clfe could they at the fame lime be more fert«e, and
apt for the Management of any BufinefSj and neat
Difp.-.tch of Affairs, as it is molt certain they are?
Thefe fandamiptal Miftikcs about Opium, have
bcefl

of opium Reveatd. 2 3

been (as you'll find hei eafterj one great cauft why
its Oferatiem have puzzled and quttebaffied all En.
^uireri.

8. It^iets^^ays^andcemfefts aUVeTturbatiotisand
Commotions ef iht Spirhj,, (or ienlltive Soul) BhuJ^
Humours J &c, as in Uyfierical Cafes, Diary Frvers^
that proceed from Paflions j as, Angtr, Grief, Ter.
rwrj, (p-e. from i/ioUnt Motion, Labour^ Heat, yoitr~ ^
ntys^ Cottvul/ions, &c. or from Pah • and jiops BUid. .
ingi that proceed from fuch Commoliom. .

9. It cmfti a Rtlaxntton of all the fenJibU Parti tf\
tit Bodj^ as the Membranous and Nervous: Thii ■
is notorious by its Effeits^ as caufing Verffiraiion,
Sweat ^Relaxation oiSphinilers^Vilatation of die Pupil
oftlie Eye^RxlaxationoSthz Cornea, and all Other
Effiih of Relaxation, as you'll fiad more particular,
ly hcreafttr.

I o. if caufet Indolence, or exemption from Pain, fas \
all know and allow) and that when Sleep does not
intervene.

11. It fiopi, moderates y cures,, or paliates aUFlitxts
excepting thofe by the Ports, or fuch as depent!
fas that does) upon Relaxation^ as when SphinSlert
are weak, or paralytica!; but thefe iaft are unna-
tural Accidems.

12. It mightily promotes infenfibU Perfpiratton.

13. It prevents Shiverings in Ague-Fits, andfuclf^
like Cafes, if gvvtn in due time and quantity, which ;
ihall be Ihown in the Curative Part.

1 4. /r prevents and cures Colds.

I f. It caufes a larger and flower Pulfe, (uppofing
no accidental Caufe to the contrary.

16. It caufes Drinefs in the Meutk.

17. Jf bat mojt Effeii in warm and moi^ Wea-
ther.

1 8. It hat more EfftB upon lax and fine textured
Perfons^ at fVitmen, Children, (^c. therefore Wo-
men fcldom ufe it in Turky, and the other Ealiem

G 4 Coun,

H men I

24 The Myfteries

Ccuntries j where it is commonly ufcd by the
Men.

»

1 9. It caufes an Efflorefcence of the Skin^ barring
Accidents of Cold^ &c.

2p. It is olfferved by aJtj that it ntainlj affeSls the

Genus Nervofum, and animal Spirit Sj and not the

Bloud and Humors,

21. It increafes Seed in fame meafure.

21. It caufes a great fromptitude to Venery, E^e*
BionSy &C. efpecia^ if the Dofe h larger than orM*
nary ; which I yvould have Men believe without
experimenting it; not that I fear to be confuted,
but left any fhould injure themlelves by too great
a D)fe.

This is one great Caufe ("if not the chief j why
the Infidels of Turky^ and tht Eaftern Nations (efpe^
cially where ToUgamy is allowed , as among the
Turks ^ &c.) u(e Opium lb much, it never failing ta
produce this EffcA in hale and healthy People^ if the
Dofe be (ufficient ; as is too notorious in all for
moft^ Countries from Greece to Japan inc!ufively>
who ufe Opium for that end.

But as to the Truth of this Eflre<2: of Oprnm^ not
only Authors^ and all the People of thofe Eafiern
Nations^ but leveral Merchants^ FtMors^ and Tra-
'veHers^ now living in London, can attcft. That it
is uied, for that purpofe, in thofe Countries with
Ejfeil J yea, Ibme in our own Nation, that ufe
Opium in large Dofes, can atteft the fame^ upon
Experience in their own Bodies. Thofe who. defire
to be fatisfied, may alfo read Job. Jacob Saar. his
Itinerar* Ind. p. 11. Olearius's itintrar. Terfic^ /. f.
ciy. C&" 18. B. D. D. Sacks ^ Tom. 11. Ether. Ger^
man^ Obf, 69. p. 1 26. Bauchin^ ?• 45^- Cardanus, Sea*
liger^ I^cb. Monordei^ Fogelius de Turcarum Nepenthe^
BcUonius, and other s^^ whofe Words I do not re-
peat, partly for Mad€fiy\ partly for Brevity^s iaka

It

of Opium ReveaPcf. 25

It does (1 confefij lcx>k like a RidJle^ thar a
moft relaxing and ftupifying Aitdic^mem^ which
cakes away much of the Senie oiFetlmg^ ("and oon-
(equently IrritatUms to Venery^ as one wcMiU (hkik)
Ihould nocwithftanding irritate thereto ^ caule
En^km^ &e. however, it is moft certain^ cho'
a ieeming CmtradiSiony of which Ibrt you have
many more among dbe Effect of Of turn.

l)fnd 4nd frequent (t ho not c§njiant) BfftUs
dum, ufed ifitcrnally in a moderate

je.

I. Sleipy which is ib £ir from bring a ccnfant
Mffiit of Ofiuwy that it will in me, and many
other Perlbnsy prevent Sleeping^ even when ocha:«
wiie incIinM to it.

Zi ■Pkafant Dreams.

g. Stofpif^ofFBmltings.

4« StiSing the Hiccough.

5. Taking off Convulfiom and ContraSions.

6. Caujing Meat to fiay hmg at Stomach,

7. Moderaxiony and prevention of Hunger^

8. Sweat.

9. The Flowing of the MenfeSy tho' not oblerved

by vulgar Phyficians.

10. The Flowing of the Lochia^ which is ^ little
oblerved.

II, Voiding of the Stone^
12, Deli'very (f Women.

i:j. Deadnefs of the Eyes^ as yon fie in Dnm^
iewufs.

14. Dilatation of the Pupil.

15. Growth (f the Breafis^ Venisj and Increafeof *

mk.

1 6. Venereal Dreams.

. 17. NodJtuTffal Pollutions.

26 The Myfteries

1%. Itcbingt i» tie Skin.

19. A^cbUrinti

20. Naiifea.

21. Switftmitigs in the Head. '

22. fVatehing.

23. Akind^Miout StatCf between Jleeping and
ufaking.

24. It fiopj Htmorrhaits in minyCAks,

Many more hfianas of this kind might be
given of its frequent and ufual Efe^t in Difeafet ;
but it would be endU^ and needUji, fince we have
mentioned the Vrimtj General, and Fundamental
Effeiit, upon which all fuch do depend, and
that the particular Enumeratka of its EfftHs in Dif.
eafes, belongs 10 its curative and faliative Virtue^
which will be handled hereafter.

The rare Effe3s i?/ Opium, tak^n in a mode-
rate Dofi.

1. Temporar; Falfies,a.s of th& Bladderf»adfbm&'
times of other Parts, tho'very rarely.

2. FaltringoftbiTengite,

3. Loofmfitf the lower jfav/^ as in the Drow/ie^
Drunkards, SCC.

4. Prevention «f Sweat, in fuch as fweac too
much for v/ant 01 Perfpiratias.

y. jiiiortion.

6. Prevention ef Abortion in Ibmc Cafes.

7. Imumefctme of the Lips.

8. Curing ef the Dropjie , of which Dr. U^fHU
gives an Infiance.

9. Curing ef Stupors of fome/«T;, as thofe from
Colds ^tH-c.

10. Anxieties and Dijlrejfes.

11. Vomitings and Hiccoughs.
IX. Cmvulfimi.

J

I

0/ opium Reveard. 27

'3* Syieotei, Lx'tfotbimtei, and Fatnt'mgs,

14, Deatbf tho'vcry rarely, and that in very
weak Ttofle.
ij. Purging.

1 6. Ratjmg and ri'vii'tng feme Ttrfom that areju^
txfiring.

17. A Imgjlay th^renf at Stomach fomttimti.

18. Stoppage pfUrme.

19. Is fometimes fra-vts danger om ^(tr Hemorrkt-
gti and large Evacuationi.

I . WiM, That the >/ Claf of Efe&j being the

moft conftanty are the moft froptr^ genuine, and
pivcifal EffeSi, upon which all other EffeSi do- ^
pend, unlefi they are flc«</«»f«/; It muft therefor* ■^
be, that thefe (houtd belt guide us in the Difqui.
fitivn of the Cauft of the Operation of Opium.

1, Note, That tht fecond Clap, tho' not fo con.
^ant, are natural Effeifs oiOpium, and will be alfo
good GttiJe for the fame purpofe.

;. Note, That there is but little notice to be taken
of the rare Effects for that purpofc, becaufe moft
accidental.

The EffeBs of the going off (or (kclinatiott)
I of the Operation o/Opium, tak^n internoBj
I in a moderate Dofe.

I, A general return of all the Difenfet and DifiT
^ers that Opium falinted during its Operation ; un"
leis it happens that fome are cured thereby ; whidi
( if they bej is ganerally by the Bewft of Sweat,
or infen/ible Perjfiration ; as Colds, Pain from IVind^
or Hnntours, that fhould have palled by the Ports ;
as in Coughs, Tooth-ach^^Q- from Conftruftionof the
Porti ; or by comfcfwgxhzYutyohhzSfWits^oiBloudt
which it very often ( yea, generally j cures with one
Jmgle Dofe .- But of thel? things, wore in the Cura.
^fpe Van. z.Siveat,

2. Sv^Mi tho* not conftandy.

3. B'MHem making ^ IVigfer^lometimes.

4. jt Loofnefs (fometimes) even when there VfU
fione before the gi\ring of the Opium.

f . Difeafes^ feeming vwrfe tbau kifore the taking^
€f it.

6. id-mda»eidfy an4 fad 1>ef9feffm ^ Spirits.

7. A narrow Pulfe.

8. It^Uffg rftbc Skin.

fsa^

CHAP.

«^ opium ReveaTd, so

life

CHAP. V,

The Effe&s ef Opium tah^n in an Exceffive

SjMntitj.

1. A Htm at StmnMcb.

•^^ 2. Afenfe cf Weigh at Stomach flbme*
dtnes.)

3. Gaitj cf Bbtmour m firfi, ^

4. SardmickLoMgitjgrafierm/grJ. |
^. Laxity y and Dtbility <f MV

Fart/,

6. Aftdtatkn of the Mind.

?• ii^- of Mamry,

%. D^rMoft of tbo Eyes.

9. Laxity of the Cornea.

10. Affaaramt of divers Co-

imrt*

1 1 . Dtadnefs tf the Eyes to the
flew.

101^ Rdtrhfg of tio Tongue.
tj. AJSofOr.

£4. jijlmt^ a»d wide Vulfe.
M,$» A bi^bCohar^
16 i Jjoofenefs of tbe JaWy and
Lips.

Jj. Jntumefcenee of the Lips.

18. Difficulty of Breathing.

19. Farpy and Madnefs. J

20. Venereal Fury.

21. Triafifms.

22. Violent Itcbings.

23. UaufeJs.

a4> ^immingsin tbe Head,
zi* Vertigoes.

26. Pi.

As after Drbth

; ing a gtwt

Quantftjr -Ot

witic^ in a

Ihotttitne^

50 The Myfteries

2,6. Vomitings.
TTj. Hiccougps.

28. A turbulent Vdfe. i

29. Convulfions^ and Cold Sweats.

30. Paintings and Laifotbpnies.
}!• Cold Breath.

%z. Death.

Such as dbipe it generally have^^

3;. Tkm^l 'Purging.

34. Sweats thaf finett of the OpimL

3 J. Violent Itchings in the Skin.

I. Note, That all the(e EffeSs do liot happetf
to all^ bat Ibme to one^ and feme to others.

1. That theie Effe^i are greater^ or \ds, ac-
cording to the Dofe^ Confiitmim of the Ferlbn^
and omer Circumfiances,

}. That they are moll: endangered thereby^
that have a Lax, and fine Texture, and a weak
Digjifiim.

4. That a Loofenefs upon it is a good (ign.

%. That it afTefts fotne by makmg them Fuii-
aos, (as Wine does) and others Stu{Md ; Ciener^ly
die Furious are moft iafe from ainmr of Death :

Bat of thefe Things more hereafter (by ^^^^

Help.)

*

CHA^.

of opium ReveaPi/,

CHAP.

The Efe3t of a b/tg, and Uvifi Vfi of
Crude Opium.

i.T) EUxatim^ md JFeahitft <f oB fgrti,

J[V 2. Inhaiiiitj/y or UfiUfntft to Jo my ihmg^
exept it be while the ChiKm Operates.

3. Inbahilitjr, or Lifikfntft to gtt *f m the Mom.

4. A JuB^ moafijh, and btmiy Diffofiim, (as in
old Drmkards) extent it be during the OfevMtun if
0|uutn.

y. Dimimtion <f AfUtitt.

6, Wtakntfi of Digtpion,

7, Drafts.

5. Dtem of Parts.

9. ffeaknefi of Mtmory.

10. Roofing in the Back.

11. Early Decrepitenefi.
1». Sbortnefs of Life.
13. Acrimony of Bleod.
M^ Inclinations to Vmtry,
xy. Frequent Inciinattom to make Ifattr,

16. Vru^ifmsy and frtijsKnt Ert^/u.

17. NoSumal PeSutienr.

32 The Myfteries

The .EffeSs of Ridden Leaving off^ the Ufi
of Opium, after a lo/^, and Uvijh ijje
thereof.

1. Great, and iven infoltrthU Diflrept^ Anxk^
ties, and Deprefflons of Spirits, which in few dayi
commonly end in a moH' milerable Death, at-
tended with (irange Jgeniei, unlds Men return
to the Ufe of Opium ; which Iboo railes them a-
gain, and certaii^y reftores them ; if it has time
to operate, before they die ; which it Ibon doei
in a li^d Form. Or, if they have not Opium,
or will not taJ^e it, they mui\ ufe If^tne very plcn-
lifally, and often, as a fubltituie to the Opinm; tho?
it doth not perform half aswell as Ofiitm.

2. A return cf all Difeafii, fatm^ and DtfaP^'j,
tbtU were paSuted by the taking of Opium.

3. Dangtroui Loofene£es.

4. Death follows the leaving it off*, after 3 rery
long, and lavilh ufe thereof.

The Inconveniences of leaving off the Ufi of
Opium, do bear a certain Proportion to the Time,
and Quamtij, that it has been uled in-

1. Note, That the Tttrks do diink fbme Water
always after the taking of Opium, as being the
beft lAeti^ruum to diffolve it.

2. JVo/e, That it is ufual with them to take a
Drachm in the Mornings and (b much in the After,
noonst and fo may we, as well as they, if uftd
to it ; and 'tis a very filly faying, that you'll find
in Author), That they are better able to bear it,
becaufe of the Climate, &c. whereas the more
Northern Perfons are better able to take it, than
'the Soutbern,as will hereafter appear moll plainly.

1 am

4

I

J

o/Opiiim ReveaFJ. 33

I am fold of one near Baniiury^ tlrac takes Two
Ouncci a D^.

3. Nwe, That among the EffeSi ofOpimm may
be obferved many fteniing ContradlSiimi^ yet is
there nothing more certain than the feveral dif-
ferent Maittrt of FaS ; which (no doubt) has
been a great Caufe to puz.zlc the ff«rU about it, and
to run Men into Orange Abfurdititt concerning its
Operation ; and all to deviate fo far from the
Truth," that nothing in Ngturt can be farther, un*
leG you'll fay, that Htat cools, or what pUaftt the
finjittvt Seid^ is at the fame time abherr'd by it.

Now.becaufe theft feeming ContraMHient in the
EffiSt of Opium, arc the greateft A***/ to be met
with, and that the Rrndtr may take the better
£(Kmate of ihe Undtrtaking, and my ExflicaMH
of its Effeiis, when I come to it, I mall not fear
CO enumerate them dil^inAlyt (the' they will make
tiie ftranseft CataUgHt of Kt^<^/»,that ever w^s feen)
trafting in Him, uiat created this wonderful Att.
Jicamenti that tw will enable me to explain all its

14 theMyflerks

ieiuhg CmradiSiotts $» tie Ejjfe^s of

Opium.

I. It ca»/es Skefingy and tf^atchitfg.
a. Ucaf^tSy and frevenfs Sw^af.
J. It relaxes^ aod ficps Loofemffisk

4.. It fiaps Fluxesy and coMfei diat of Sweaty &t.
fi It fiufifiei the Strife ef Feelings yct irritates by
ihat Sifife t^ Ventry^.

6. It caufe% Stupiiitjy and Vromptitude ih Bdl>-
jie6^ CkuMnefs^ wA Sennit joilfiXnA.

7. Ic tfx^i^tfi the Sj^ts, and quiets &msl

8. It is «rjf Aor, yet ceols in Fevers#

, 9. It fe bot^ and £jr^ ^ yet kjfpm "^f^etite^ tffffi
in CM Stomachs. '

10. It /^>and /y^w/^/ IJrinc. >

I I. It relaxes^ and mahens \ yet enables us isi
Undergo LalMirs^ Joumejs^-^.

I2« itiem/fisy df^ prevents Ab6r6otJS.
i;. It /f^pi Vomiting above all things; yet cififis
fnofi violent y tedious^ and dangerous Vomitings.

14. It j?^/^i P^^gi^g in a moft eminent mariner j
y^foTnetimes caufes it.

Xfi It is very acrimonious^ yet (as all lay) ok
funds Acrimony \ however, it allays Pain procecd-

Vdg^QS^Jttrtmmy: — -- ^^

i6# It caufes z furious Madness j yet comfofes tbe^
Spirits above aU things^

17. It cat^es l^ropfos i yetlbmetimes cures them
(as fViHa fays.)

18. It caufes Pd^s ; yet have I known it to
tare a Falfie. .

19. It caufes Drinefs in tie Mouth ; yet takes off
Thirft in Fevers.

. 20. It cures^ and caufes a I£ceough.

21 It ^

il. It fiancbes Blood \ yet caufes the Blood to
'come outward^ (as appears by the Efflorefcence^ or

kiihefs of the Skin that k caufes) yet rmn;es the

Aienfes and Lochia.

12. We him oiany Inftances of it fromothg^
iml l^mderkig Cncipal Motions.

2^, It raiffs ^ery weak Veofky (Whcn nothing
befides will do it) yet it kiUs other weak People.

24. It ca^esy apd cures Convul/ions.

2^. It caufes Relaxation J and Cofstrailion of the
fiufu Tarts.

26. It Rdaxis ^ yet caufis Rigidity ^ Tefifion, and
EreSim if the Vents ^ Triapijfms^ 8cc.

Thus ha»e I fairly, and faithfully, laid the
Wbple Ofius of the xSptrations^ EfftSfs^ and Gov^
'tradiBory fbemmmt^f of Opiums upon my Sbcul-
. ders ; hbwe^r I cotne off, and clear* my (elf
bf l^e fntricacy^ Maz^s^ and crofs EjfeBs there-
jof^ by ekplainin^ ihem *, which none upon the
Vi^ thereof wtll thipk poffibic, and nona be-
fbre me (jbrfl: jU mifch as enuoicr^te for that

lini.

^ ^ ..1 III I ■ ■ ■■■ ^ ■■l . . . ' .J .. ■ <"

t^ : t^HA^'

3«

The Myfteriei

CHAP. VU.

7^ Author emtrivej a Compendiom Way of
Examining ali Opinions concerning the Cjpe-
r<Uion of Opium.

Aving, without any y^ ot fordid Evajim^ or
_ conliderable Omtffion^ (which has been the
pi;rtidious Courfc of Authors in this Cale) fully

....... . ^_

H

i

and truly enamerated the fenjlhle and ctrte'm tf

'^s if Of ■ " " "■ . ■ ■ '.

tpamttfd a Jufi Jury for the Trial of Hjfatheftfei^

fBi (f Opium in Humane Bodies, and thereby

mp^mtcfd a Jufi Jury for the Trial of Hjpothejifei^
*hich niuft be Judged by the Efcilt or PAo»-
moiii's oiOpium ; I will now pioceed to their Exa~
mination. But bccaufe it would be endlefs to cake
every one farticuUrly into Covfideration, I will u(e
their Stratagem, who blo'o; up Foundations, to (ave
the tedious Pecking at all the Parts of the Sufer-
Jiruiiurei, which in this Cafe would require an
^ge, and take up all my Time in Jemolijhing them,
which may be better employ'd in ereitmg Ibme-
tbing that may be ufeful.

I have earjidered, and find. That the Foundation^
in %vhieh all Ambers, both Ancitnt and Modtrn^ '
agree, and whereupon they have hitherto endea.
voiir*d to build, (looking upon it A%frm and H'aT-
rawabU in all AgaJ is this, viu

That Opium oprjUs by diminipjing or difahUl^
the Sfsriis { meaning the emmal Spirit!.)

Tne Ancients "jprming, Tba: it did fa hy »n tx-
tnme ceid ^'ilitj, ^(. And

Tiic

<
1

The Moderns (who obreryed ir to ad, while
it is at Stomach, by affefting the Brain, Na-vtif
Animal Spiriti, &c. and concluded no AAion was
perfomi'd without Conrafl) infer'*J and agreed,
(beeaufe no vifible Paflage could be found from
the Stomach to the Head) that it muji of abfrlate
luctfjicy nH by Fumes^ Vapeitri, Auras^ or Effitviumi
fern Mp CM ef the Stomncb to ths Bra'm^ Ncrvtit &c.

So that all the remaining Qutfiion among the
MeJems !S» Which li^ay thofe Fumes or ft/fonri do
the Feat ? all allowing the Fumes do it.

One faying, That ibey /«# the Pores ef the
JBrain^ and fo luQder the Geruratm of Ammal
Sfirits.

A SeconJ, -That they cm^ringed, and clofed the
Torts together ^ thereby hindering the faid Genera-
tiwt,

A Tisrdj That they fix^d, and coaguliited thi
Animal Sfiriti ; as Wed'Uus^ and others.

A Fourth-, That they clouded theAnimal Spirits.

A F^th, That they aUed as a Poifon ; as IViUss,
and many others.

A Sixth, That they ch^d the Animal Spirits, hy
gdberirtg to tbem^ £(C.

Not knowing, nor (I think) caring what they
iid, lb they humuur*d their own Imagiaatiens,
and Hypotbefifii ; iho' utterly incapable of foiving

I

the Effeiit of dpium, efpecially its molt canjiam,
ffoper^ and genuine Epiiu For, how can a aid
ii^lity, (which Opium never had) caute a gay
and brisk Humour^ Bravery^ Magnanimity, Eupoery
it Labour, Promptitude to f^enus, &c. And, how
can Clouds of Fiipours hitlder the Generation o{ Ani-
fftal Spirits, by Jlfffi"? or con^ringing the Peres jOf
HiGBram? Poifontng, pxing, coagalattng, clogging of
P J clouding

38 the Myjietiei

clouding the Animal Sfirits^ caufe <l fine OvMioik
thereof, a Gay^ Brarve^ Couragiaus^ and Magnani*
mdus Difpojuion^ Eupbory^ Promptitude to Venery^
Serenity, Expedit em fs in Adahageffknt^ C^c. WhiCll
are (as has been feidj tht cofifiailit mA proper Effi^i
of Opium. ' •

Nor, indeed^ was any of thofe Authors fo fool-
hardy as to attempt itj Why then did they
write, and trouble tlie World, to f>erufe their
Books^ trhen they were k far ffom ejcplaining th«
Properties of Opiums that they fcarce ever durft
mention them, nor (et their Hypotbejtfes^ and
riiem, as much as in View of one another ? Wa$

hot this ^ tacit Confejjion of the J^tctrnpetency of
thdr Suppojitions? l.beg Pardon fox calling th^fnt
theirs, ^tho* they themfelves do), for I dartfiot of*
fer ' them a greater Ahufe^ than laying their SpH;-:
rious and lame Brats at their Doors.

Tho'^ one jRiarce heed iay any more of thcm^
yet, left I be thought pf efiimptuous, or laucyi for^
lb much as offering to fufpeif the general Foundation
of all the famous Authors that ever lived, fas G^-'
kny A'vicennay &*€, among the Ancums * Ettmlr:
kr, WiBiSy &c. among the Moderns 5 j

1. 7 'WiU fhe^ you 'veryjuft Caufes to fufpeEt the
Infufficiency of the general Foundation, 'viz^

' Thdt Opium ditninifhes or difables the Sfnrits.

2. 1 iiHB fr'o^e^ that * does not do it hy a Col J

i^ality,

5 . That it Joes not do it by Vapors ^ Fumes ^ A^^ra^
or any Jiicb Way.

4, That it diminifbes^ eft i^ahies the Spiriti^ hy m
Means lif^hatfcewr.

Which

ej Opium Reve^d. 3 j

JifaUing^ sf^jic Spirits^
QoU J^ityj and Fttmes^ (ovAura) comprehend
the FatmJaians <^ a\¥ OphUns oonoerning OpUtm^
that ever I read, or heard of ; and con^quendy
\geaiStT^FuHl^HemalOfmm$ berefoced, 9tt
the SoperftniAures that have beea (ip this C^l
noft ^ fq tt^ Ground. . ^ ^ '

P 4 CHAIV

4«

The Myfierits

CHAP. VIU.

The Aufhor Jhewf Juji Cmfes of hit Suf^h
cion^ that aU Authors have gont upon it
jproftg FoundatioB in their Difquijitiofu of
thi Oatfe of the Q^eration of OpiuiQ.

I Have fhewn you. That the gtvtral Founiatiot^
of both 'Aticien:^ and Modtrn Authors, is.

That Opium dotb Sminijh, er difahh fie Spirit/.

And now I will plainly (hew Jufi Cmfa gf wjf
Su/picien of its Infufficiaiey^ which are theft:

I I ^hfirve. That alt Learned Men are, to thi^
^•'h highly dilVatlsficd as to the Caufe, and Mati-
Ijcr olthe Op*raiir>ti oi Qpium, notwithftahding
all that has bei^rn written concerning ir j and '^^ac
jt is the a-mmnn Cry oh all Hands, that none has
illuOrared the Operathni of Qpium to any Parpoje^
or jiven any SatUfaflion therein ; and therefore
'Lenrniii Ph)Ju-lins are (till as ipuch upon ihc £»•
y«i7, as ever they were.

It is much more Civi/ and R^afonabky to/ufpe£i
the Foundjiiotiy that all former Juthon have built
l:pon, than a general Failure in all the tnoft Judi-
cious M'tfttr Buildersy that ever endeavour^ to
build therenn j fo'r if all the beft 'Arcbittth of the
'vhoU WurU fail toerc»5l a ffrm Superfiruifure apba
any oiie Foundatun, what can we think, but that
the FmnitMien is infirm ? efpecially when (as in
jsur Cafe) no iVaj' (\\\3,t Care., Judgmtnt, Ptrfpi-
Mciiji," And If it coi^d iovent, pi fmiik pf) has

'■■"''■ "^ ■■"■ '■ ''-' '-■■■'• ■■■ -'Mw

i

p

t

if Opium KeveaFJ. 41

fceen lert untried to build thereon ; fo that (tho' I
oiodeftly call it a Caule of SufpkiouJ it imounts
almoft (if not altogether) to a Deman^ratiot*^ that
the Foundaikn that all Author) have gone upon b
Tuughr. Would not any confidering Man, when
he fees all the Judkkui Archhtfft ofihc IVorU bSX
to creA a firm BuUdtvg upon a certain Foandatim,
leek for another ? Therefore who can blame me,
if 1 do ? and not blame chem, that did not ? The
ineancft SrUklt^er^ or Carftnttr, that Jhouid bo
guilty of fuch Stupidity, as to attempt to build
upon fuch a Foundation as always deceiv'd the
JSuilderif would be thought too gr«at a Blockhead
CO be employ'd in Building^-

2. I ohfervtd. That mod Men do (notwith.
landing that Foundation is agreed upon) think it
impoHible to explain the intricite, various, com
tradiftory Phenomena' 'y and myfterious Effeitt of
Opium; fitting contented, and perfwaded, [hat it
operates by an occult Quality^ wholly unexpticaWe,
and particularly refervcd from the Knov/UJpe ^
Mankind : But Nature works Mecbankally in fVeight^
bieafure^ &c. Therefore it is more than prpbaolet
/hat it is only their being upon a wrong Bottoin
makes it feem abfblutely occult ; for it u imptrf*-
fible t9 find 2 thing, where it is not ; or to build
firmly up^p ap infufficient Ft^undation ; whereas had
it been right, and true, it is not to be imagined*
but fome or other would have thereupon done
ibmeihing, that would have flood againll all
iPiaJj, and Stormi • whjch none have dpne.

3. I obftrvedy That qonc durft ventpre tp lay
the ifAo/f, no, nor one half of the Burthen of
the PheiKMtnd's, or EfftSt of Optuniy upon that
Fomndation ; forefeeing (doubtleis) that it could not
bear them, and that if they laid any more IVdgbt
(hereon^ the whole would totter, and falltooie
^"V*^ The frojtS in every B/pttbtJis is to per.

*"' ' * / fwad?

J

4>

The Myfieyies

Twade Mm of the Truth ihereof; and the only
fay to doit,is to ioWeal\Phemmma'i thereby i for
If k fails but in one, ie is an infallible f^n of its
f tafugidency : There was no Reafon to omit any
of the Phenomtrta'i, if they could have difcern'd,
that the Hypothecs would have born -them; there-
fore (as has been intimated) it in^es a Confe/^
fion of its I?Komfetency.

4, I ohfervea. That ancient Aathors writ of OL
fmw, before it came to be of common and
general XJk in the Day-time with Healthy
Perfbns, (as it fince is in many Natiom) to
Caufe a gay, tleafata, and good Humour^ take
eff" Sadmfi, Melanckolyy and Anxiety • To caufe
j^jJarAncty Boldaefsy Courage^ Bravery, Magaarti-
(■/y, Euphory, or tape undergoing of Labour^ jourm
a^f J Promptitude in Bufineft^ Expediteneft, and Se-
renity ; To excite to Venery, ^c. Which Effefe
cannot be explained by that Sappofuion of difahling
the Spiritij and that they ufed Opium only Medi- ■
einally for the fake of fuch other Effciii as might
be tollerably well explicated by tliat Hypothefis j
fq that they had not any Qcca/mj nor htducermnt
to look any farther.

The EfeSi they gave it for was only; 1. To
eaufi Sleep, a. To taie eff Pain. 3. To flop Fluxes.
4. To Compofe the Spirtti. 5. To caufe Ptrjfiration^
and Siveat. All which are not inconfiftent unth
the'HjipotieJis of diminijhing or Jifaiiling the Spiritiy

as tho otbtr oTSf and therefore ought well deceive
them ; For,

Firft, Sleep is caufed by dimimMng the Spirits iy
Lataur^ JVatcbing^ &c, as is moft notorious over
the whole Werl^\ lb Other Things that diminilh
the Spirits, as BUtdiWy l^omiting, Purging, and
many other Caufes ofdiminijhing thereof, . do in-
cline us to Sleep. Secondly,

{

o/ opium ReveaN, 41

Secondly, tndoUntt, or Extmption fnlh Pnty jj
caufed by nothing more than v'a?ii of SpiHti^ at
In Pernlytkd Cafei^ Slupon, Ob^rtiSUnn^ Cr Com.
pTtlfimi of the Nervti, Syneopei, Le'tpjthpniti^ Dt*
U^mums, Paintings after BUeding, and Sleep ; whicb
(as was faid) is lo mucb caufed by lop of ■S'/i*

Thirdly, F^wxeJ art fioft, er modiraud^ by no-
thing better than Sleef, which generally (ai w«
laid) proceeds from hfi of Spirits ; Whit alio
Jfopj, or moderatts Fluxes, more than want of the
Senfe of the Irritation of Humount And what
ukes away Senlc more than want of Spirits?
Thus want of Senfe by the abfence of the :>pirits,
in Vartlytical Inttjlmej, flops Fluxis ; ThuS fails
a Paralytical Bladder to cxprefe the Urine. So a
Falfit of the Membrarrts^ that include the Glan-
diiles, molt (as in SUtf, which relaxes them)

flop, or moderate all Dejluxiont, Catarrhs, &-C,

becaufe they are not Teiilible of the Irritatioti of
the Humour by Quantity, or Quality,- which
Irtitntion caufes the Dfjiuxiorts or Catarrhs, by ei»
citing the Membranes, to contraft,and thereby to
fcueeze out the Humourt fionrain'd in the Glan-
JstUs.

Fourthly, 7Je Comoofure of the Spirits is pfor
cured mainly by Slttf^ which all lofs of Sfririts
(as was fliewn) inclines us to : fo Bleedings which
t/imiaifits the Spirits, compote their Fury in Fe~
t/trsy Ddiriurns, Mjdnefs, <^c.

Fiftlily, Ptrffiraiton is caufed by nothing more
than Sleep ; lor we perfpii e twice as much In
SUtfy as when we watch, as is moft manifeftly
deniOnftrable by the Statkk Experimems of
Weighing People •, nor is Ferfptretion ever fo
gfeat as in Dditjuiums^ Syncopes, Letpotbymit!; and
Kich like deadifh Car«> which are cauled by di-
mi»iji>t^^ er difabling of tki Spirits, nay, 'fts lo in

44

The Myfteries

^mmtii. Quits dead for a little time while they
are hot, « is evident by like Statick Demonfire,
tiatt: The true Cauleof which isRp/(jx*fM»of the
Tont^ Skin, <^e. for want of Spirits zo eontraif,
and emfringt them ; as fhall be fully proved here-
after fby Goi's Hilf.)

Thefc Things wire (doubtlefi) the occafion
of that Hjfothfii^ of dimlm^iivg or dtfahUng the
Sprits by Ofium- but how likely are they to err
by edablilhing it without any confideration of its
emivfnlvg, tncittragingj and Brisk EffeSi, as Ova'
tiofi of the Spiriti, Gaity, Sraverji, M^gngrtimlty^
Eufinryy Premptitmie to i^cnery, 0-c. which Can
never be fblved by DifMnutiofi, or Difehility <f the
spiriti, till DepTe0on and Elevation thereof are
reconcUabit, and tmjiflent at the fame time in the ^
famtfubjtii ; which can never be till DifMing and <
i^ot Difahling are the fame thing i Have not we :
ihzngced KeafoH to fulpeA K^ax geatrd Fmnia, .
ticn of Jiminipiitig or difabling the Spirits by OpiufH^
Which was laid by fuch as never confidered any
ihing of its generous And fir ightfy Effeits, which j
fas run been mewn) are its eonjiant, and therefore

: EffeSs i Who can doubt, ;
in laying a FflfWdfa- — ="
contrary to the very Properties of Opium ?

moft froptr and gem

then bat they mm crr.in faying a FnmdatioTiqmxe

5, lebfervedy That all our Modem jiuthort,ttX'di
flyjiiitm., receiving the Knowledge of Opium,
its {"-fftSs^ and Ufei, from thofe Ancients, do ufe
it only for the fame Ends and Purpofei as they did;
and tha( our Modern Authors^ living in thefe ff^e.
fiem Parts of the World, very remote from the
Eafiem Countreyi, where it 15 ufcd commonly, and
in large Dofes, by People in Heidtb, in the dtn-
timi^ to enliven^ in-vigorate, and tucouragt theAy

apd Qax(& thp bravf, gentrotu, and mfg»ar>imoHf

1

I

c/ Opium Reveatd. 4$

KfftBi aforementioned, viz. Courage, Kufbory, ttrt, j
and Ending no Phfician ihat w^ncoerore them, to |
mention thefe »wwe, cordial, and florieutEffe3ti\
and, if they did at any time flightlv touch them, |
to do it with all imaginable Difregard, NegUB^ and \
Cottttmpij as if there was no Heed to be taken of]
them, but as idle Tales, and im^obahlt Sieriet, bfr'f
ing contrary, and utterly (as they thought) iiVT
confident and irreconcilable with the dailj/^ and
moft notorious EfcSfs if Ofmm^ obferved among
us ,* and to the Univerlal Opinion of all Authorst
who l^ated ppwiB to be a Dimiaipier w Dift^Ur y"
the Spirits, which could not produce (at they con*
eluded) liich comradiBory, and therefore (to themj
Utterly incredible Effeiti, and fabulont Flaau, ari-
fmg (as they fanfied) from fome filly Errottrs^ as
Want of due Obfervation inTrtnitBen, miftaken
Dilcourles, and the like ; lb that (as the faying
is) they let them in at one Ear, and out at ths
ttber, there being no fuch contrary Efeiii of any
one Thing to be obferved in the whole Crtatum j
and they being well aflured of the other Effect
by daily Experience, and having never obferved
thole lively Effetls, (for the (everal plain ReaCm
that you*ll meet in the following Paragraphs) had
no caufe to alter their Opinion, when all Thiiigs
leem'd to them to make for thdr Hypothefis^ ^
want of a Notion of thofe briik Effe^s.

6. I obferved. That thofe brisk EffeBs of Ofium
were not taken notice of by our Phyfuians^ nor
indeed, (alt things confideredj do I well fee bow
they fhould, without getting out of the commoa
Road of obferving, which b fomecimes (as I hare
found) very ufeful upon fuch Occalions. For,

Firft, Opium is feldom (if ever) given inthele

tVc^ern Njiions, but to Sick People, (as the An.

acntt did) who are utterly incapable of thofe

l/Tiik

4<f The Myfteries

tn-iik EftSli^ or {it leaft) to any remarkable Je-
grat^ that might tall for a particular or Ipecial
^JvtrleiKjf, or Attentiaii j without which, they
paffed off 35 they came, without any RefleSlion
ther enpon j and fi> fignified nothing, as it' they
had never happcn'd.

Secondly, We (as the Ancients did) generally
give Opium when People are going to Beii^ by
which means all Opportunity of Objervatim is
loft ; becauJe darknefs, and being alone, hide, br
binder the fhewing of any fuch Efftth ; and the
Vhyficitm (whofe only Bufinefs it is to be more
curious in fuch Matters) is gone to his own Rejt^
tho', if ha were prefent, not likely to take any
Obfervatians of fiich Matters, whereof he has lealt
3wo«jifj,or fir/jef, as being, in hisO/jwiow, contrary
to all Reafon, Senjiy Experience^ aftd the Opinion of
all Authors^ of the Stupefadive Quality of Opiunt^
in which they all agree.

Thirdly, Opium is (as was faid) given in thefe
CoUntreys to caufe Sleep, or fuch Effeiis to which
SUef conduces, as compojlng the Spiritt^ caufinr
Indolence, fiopping Fluxes, and promoting Perfpiratu
on ^ and therefore always given with all careful
DireSiom, and InJHnBtons, that may conduce to
that End, as going to Bed, lying JliS, putting out
LightSt keeping Silence^ &c. which concurring with
the Opium, caufe Sletp, which is utterly incoit-
fiftent with ihewing any of thofe lively EffeHs^
that belong only to a vfaking Terfon to do ; lb
that all Opportunity of Obfervation is utterly pre-
duded.

Now, (all the Premifes confidered) it canm
be conceiv'd, that fuch as fet their mind upon coa-
trary Efeifs, and expefl: no oriicr, much Icfs con-
trary ones, (againft which alio they are highly
prejivltced by their Reafen, Expcnmce, and RtaJ.

.ofl

^f of Opium ReveaPd. 47

vtg) Ihould obferve fuch brisk Effelis, if they did
happen ; and how can a bruk Humour, Couran^
tape utidtrgolng of Lahvurj Vromftnude to Vtnm^ Cc
be obferved in Sick, and Infirm People, lying in
Bed, alone, and in the tiart, or (wWdi renders
it utterly impoffible) while they are aHeep, and
the Thing it felf disbelieved, and efteem'd con-
trary to Common Setife, and the Unhrerfal Setiti.
mmt of (he Learned, and all others. Tbcfft-
fore,

t
7. ir (after all) any fuch hiti £f«? did evdr
happen, it muft be either ntft regarded, or V
obferved, (which is no ■way likely, as was (hawn)
you may be fuie (for ihe many plain Rfafom^ and
Caufes aforefaid) that it was not imputed to Siu-
}'fj'"S ^P"""* (^* ^" efteem it) but fo any other
C«w/f, or Accident, rather than to a Thing well
Jcaown to have quite cotttr»rji Effidi. For /»-
fitoice:

!f the Sick Perfon happen'd to bcgood batnour'd^
(of wWdi he is feldom capable, and urteriy in-
capable of all or molt of the other brisk EftBs, as
EupherjfjPrompiiluiieio l^enus,Exertion ofCouragtjS'e')
it was either pafled by as an ordinary Thing of
Courfe, and fo Dot heeded, or elft imputed to
Refrejhment by Skcp, Safe from Pain, or fome ^■
mendment as lo the Difeale ; or, indeed, to any
Thiog,rather than Difpiriting and Stupifying Opium^
that is fo far (in all Opinion) from exciting the
Spirits, that all affirm, conclude, and agree, that
it Jimimjhei or difabki them.

The like is to be faid of any of the Uvel/ Ef-

fictsf in cafe they happen,and are oWervM ; Tho'

i do not fee how they can, fo (at leaft) as any

Slander by will refer it to Opium j befides, that as

^H {O fome of the brisk EfftUt^ (efpecially ih^t of

^^ Ventfy)

4-8 the Myfleries

keitery) greater Defii are reqiufitc, to render it
any thing remarkable, than are uled in thefe
H^jtim "Parti, and that Modefiy vTOuld much hinder
the iifcovtrj of this E§tB>

Is it not tbtrefare very manifefl, that I had
great caule to fulped, that both Aadmt and M.o.
dern ?bjfiaant confider'd things by halves^ fincc
they did not take the mofl gemim Properties into
thdr Confideration, and that they laid their Peua.
tUtion upon the moft otttrary Effelfs to them ? It
follows then. That the geveml Suppejitm of all the
I^earned can no more (olve the true ProptrtUi (f
Of mm in any Probability, than giving the Reafba
why Fire bariem Clay can explain why it fifctns
Wax i The Rtafon, did I fay ! I (hould have fiid,
than giving the -wrong Rtafon why it bardem Clay^
ihews how it fcfieni JVax ; for K will appear in
the following Cbapteri, that they gave no right
Rtafon for any E^e& of Opmm, even thoie they
ever a1Iow*d to tie its SS^eas ^ nor laid any true
Foundatim to explain the leaft, meaneft and plain*
eft Ejfeff thereof i forafmuch as all their Suppa.
j^imt are (b falfe, that there never were any fuch
Thingt as they lay down to explain the £fle^ of
Cfpwra, viz.

I. Hi fuch Tlnng as a Cold Qtudity in Opium.

a. No pub Tbings as Fi«we», &c. flying from (X
fmm to the Brain, while it is at Stomach.

3. No jutb Tbing ^ dimini^nng^ or difahling the
AmmtU Spirits by Opium, any way whatfbever.'
Of whidi in their Order in the following Chaf^
ttru

i

CHAP.

ef Opium ReveoTJ. <j.^

CHAP. IX.

I j& is proved^ That, Opium hat no Cold ^tu^
tity to dxmunfii or iiijMbie the Sfsrltf
therefy.

H

^m wicfai

Aving fhewn juft Caules of my Safpk'wa of
_ , thit Univer&I Foundation of Opium's Dimi-
'niptag .or Difabiing the Spirits^ I wiU QOW proceed
fo a [Qpr? ftrii^ Examnation thereof, begiitniog
with die Qfimm of the AMcimtt, who affirm'd.

Thai Opium Jiminijhed or difahUd the Sfirin by
'mtxfrtaiH Cold Qmlity.

I confels th^t m[u:h may be done towjtrds tjie
Jiamaihing, er Jifabls^ the Spiriti hy Opium^ if it
had iuch a cold Qudiiy as the Ancients atcributed
'to it ; for then it mufttp fuch a Celdmfj, as the
/»ldeft Things cither a&iial^ or potaitial, bore no
Proportion to j for Ice^ Snw, &:c. bear no Propor-
tion CO it, in caufirtg the Himc Effeifts by a cold

It Was xbe manher of the ^wWj implicirfy
to believe, and lublcribe to what'tKeir great ^k-
ib^s, and Ma^en'm Fhjfick, or Pbikfopby, taught
jthem i whom thi^ a3ore"d as infallible 'Gods^ aj
foon as their Mortality proved the contrary ;
which was as abfurd, as afienicg, Th.i 'Opsurtf^
which (i one of the hotted Things that Vegetables
afford, is ixtream cold ; (blcfled be God for our
Ligk in Religiojj, ^nd Uherry in Pbilofophy ! ) Thcrc-

kfore Ibme fuch atJmir'd Authors, orgy-eat Mafieri ifi
Pi'j^ci, having afTsrtea, tbal Owmw ifted fey sn
B txtrtam

$0 The Myfteries

cxtream cold Quality^ all dicj implicitly fubicribc
to it.

• -

The. Devil^ whoiii they worlhip'd, could noc
(tho' a Deceiver ftom the Beginning) impofe more
upon their Faitby than in caufing them (fqr I
cannot think but it was ibrae (iich Evil P cover)
to believe, that Opium was cold^ againft all the
Evidence oi .Senfe and Experience ; he might have
as well told them, that Hei Fire had all the Vro-^
ferties of common culinary Fire^ and .yet nothing
more refrefliing by its cold {^ality i for as many
o{ our Senfes^ can take notice of Heat and Coldjio
plainly inform uS) that it is very hot in it (elf, and
EpSts. For,

I. Its Tafte is Very bitter^ rank^ vehemently hot^
burning and biting, all which ^W/fS/ are infallible
Signs of great lieaty and the better the Opium Jg
the more intcnfe are thofe Qualities ^ Nay, it is
cbferved, that its very Virtue is ftridly combined
to, or confifting in thofc .^4f//V/ej^ eipecially jBifr-
ternefs, which if loft, the Virtue is gone, as is
commonly obferved^ and eafily obfervable.

It Was a wife Vctch^of Amatus Lu(itanus^.\n
Defence- of its Cold Quality^ to attribute all its
Bitternefs to Glaucium, that was mixt therewith j
whereas Glaudum always gives* a yellow TmBure
to Water, and Opium a red ; but the Opium^ that
gave no yellow ThBurcy was bitter al(b ^ yea, that

Was moft bitter, that ^ave the reddeft Ttnifurey
How comes Theban Opium, and indeed all other
Opium, to -be bitter before any thing is mixt with
it i How inadvertendy abfurd People will be to
defend Abfurdities ^ it is pretty to fee how they
will expole themfelves to defend a fall^ Opinion.

- a. Its

^

tf Opium ReveaPc/. 51

1. Its SweB, which i^ very rank, firongj hot,
And fuch, as Things highly impregnated with
t^olafiU Salt^ and Sulfhur, (the Two hotteft Prin-
ciples in Nature) do afford. It is from Volatile
Salt that CanthariJeSy Pifwire^ Spear-IVorty Crows^
foot^ &c, ^e fo very bot» as to blifter, (or exul-
cerate; j and are not all bat Sprits fuchiupon the
account of their Sulphur ? as Spirits cf Wim^
BranJju &c.

3. The heft and ftrongeft Opium will alio exuU
terate^ fas all Authors agreej which only Fire, or
ftch Things, as have the Particles of Ftre lodged .
in them, as Lixiviates, &c. or the hotteft Things
in i^^f «rf , will do ; zsXJafrtbafideSy Sfear^^JVorty&e,
It iSj

4. For the like Realbn, a Tfilothrick, or Caufer
tf Hair to fajl • which only Lime, Orfiment, and
ttie hotteft Things^ do caufe.

J. It is inflammable^ which only Sulphureous

Things are.

6. It caules a Senfe of a vehement Heat at Sto»
ntacb, the* taken biit in the Quantity of a
Drachm,

7. It caufes Drinefs of the MQUth, and Thirfi^
tho' taken but in the Quantity of j Grains, which
nothing does but hot Things.

8. It difcujfes J and all Difcuffers are hot, for it
Is by Keat that.^they do difcufs^ as Spirit of Wine^
Cummin Seed, Volatile Salts, and all Hot Spirits.

9. Ixfoon Operate s,znA hi a fmall quantity ^ which
Is an infallible Proof of the Adivicy of its Parts,
which argues Heatj not CoU,

10. It caufes a gay, pleafant, and merry Htdmour,
which only Wine, and hot Liquors, d^r. do j*and
one Grain of Opium will caule them as much as
feveral Glafles (jf TVtne^ which argues^ that its
Heat is much greater.

E » II. I

§ 2 The Mjffteries ~f

I r. I would fain know hmv, or fee any Infioi
of any did Things rai/tng the Sfmtt^ cau/mg
Courage, Mitgnanimitjj tnahling Veafle to Labour^
JouTr.ey, &c. as Wine^ hot Liquors^ and OfiuM
do.

' 1 2. Opium does very much open the Vores, and
caufe Ferfpiratien^ &c. which only We*f, as that
in hathi. Bagnios^ Hot Houfeiy and Hot Things do )
but Cold Jhuts the Portj, as all know. There-
fore,

15. Opium cwei, and prevents Colds ^ which is
another Argument of its Htat.

14. It is a great Jfbrodtfiack, or Exciter to Ve-
nery, which CoU Jhingi chill ; but Hot Things,
as CanthariJes, Bees, Pifmirei, Onion), Garlicky
Leeksy Rockei, Sftills^ Horfe Radijlj^ Sem. Humnn.
&c. do promote.

If. Nothing causes Jniolence^ givtn internally,
but IVine, Hot Liquors, ti^c. (as I can think of)
and Opium caufes it much after the fame manner
as Wine does, firff caufing Adirth, and Jollity,
and, upon increalc of Quantity, very confiderable
Indolence. It is true, that Cold will externally
caufe a Stupr, if ic be intenfe, lb as to conftringc
the Parts, and exclude the Spirits ; but ocherwife
it makes, the Feeimg more nice, as all know by
Experitnce, becaule every little Hurt affedts us
marc when we aie cold than hot : But this is not
the Cafe of relaxing Opium, which is uled inter-
nally to take away Tain^ as Wine, &c.

1 6. Nothing takes away the %p^s of Opium
(or Drunkenefsj better than cold Things inter-
naSy, and externally ; as acids, dipping in Co!d f ra-
ter, &c.

17. Ofium relaxes all Parts, which Heat does ;
and Cold eonjiringes, as was intimated.

18. Wedeliiu confefles, (tho' it nukes againft
what he fiys) thac he never obferved nSopnrofe

Dtfiem-

o/ opium i?fZ(etf/*</ 53

Pi^emper, where there was not a Fretrrnaiural
Htat. Ofinkg. Lib. i. ScB. i.Csp 12. P. 415.

19. If it caufes Sleep by ics colJ Qualiiy^ then
all Things, that are cold, would doit proporti-
onably j Cucumers, Purjlant, &c. would be lb
great Hyprnticks, that we Ihould not be able to
eat ^ i>r«ciw of them, but that they would caufe
a grtat Sopor; but there is no fuch thing; an4
i>ot Tb'uip are much more apt to cauft Sleeps or a
Sopsr, as H^ine, bo: Spiriit^ Oniensy Gartick, and.
fuch like.

20, Opium caufes 3 RtJnefsy or Efflprefctnce of
tffe Skhy making it fenfibly warmer,3S Heat, tVine^
and Strong Liquors do.

z I • It caufes alfo an Itching ef the Siirif which
only hot Things do.

22. Half a Drachm of Opium in ClyOcrs has
cauled A violant H^oc in the Guis.

23. It popi Diarrheaj, or LoofeneJJii, which Cold

caufes.

24. It ^ops Dejhtxioni, Cougbi, Cfc. which Cold
^□les.

25. To pin up a!!, ics pfeiorninant 7rincipltt_
appear, by yiutofji! upon its Cbymical AnaUfts, tQ,
be V^iiktik Salt and Sulphur.

Befides, this Opimen of the Cohlnefs 6f Opium is
very much exploded, and, indeed, it islbappa-
rently falfi, and abfurd, that 1 Jhould not lijve
thought it worth while to argue agaiiilt it, but, that
it lay lb in my way, that reguUily 1 could ncit .
well avoid it, without Breach of Ord<:r and Me-
tiled.

I nught b^vc added, that it refjlvcs, mejiiia:^iy
&e. biit it is needled co fay any mote.

E.4 U

54 ft^ ^yfteries

It is y^y falfe, and erroneous^ that it fiops Ftuxet,
by incrajjating^ and bindings which are accounted
W^ Qualities ^ if C>, bo\V fliould it flop then*
When Pounds of hcraffatives and Binders have
failed) the* the Opium was given only in the Quan^'
tity of a Grain or 7w/^ ? How fhould it ftop, or
Inoderate Fluxes^ even while il is yet at Stomach,
as it moft certainly does ? It bears (as EtwttUer
well oblerves) no Proportion to the Bloudj and;
Humours, to have any Effect that may be rc-
markaT)le upon them, for a Grain is but as i ta
II f 200 to the Blood of him that has 20 Pound^
of Blood, which an -ordinary Man has : Befides,
How can AUenuatives^ Refoivers, and DiJcHJfirs^
incraflate or bind ? But, nK>re efpecially, How^ •
can fo great a Relaxer of Parts, be a Conftringer
thereof? That is* perfe£l 'Cmtradiiiion :■ And how
can a meer Sal Volatile Okofum ^ in which all its
Venue \\zs^ Us will plainly appear) tbiefcen and -

The Truth is,, that it ^op$ Fluxes (as Sleeps
doth) by taking away the fenfe of the Irritationi
of Humours^ which Iblicite the Parts to con^-
tra<9:, and h to extrude and fqueefe them out ;
it proh^otes Pcrfpjration by relaxing the Pores (as
S^^eep doth ; ) it alfo feems ,to thicken RA^^w, (as
Ske/^ dothj becaufe it csLuCin^ Sleepy or fat leartj
takiri^T avv*ay a fenfe of the Irritation of the Rheum^
is thereby fufFered to ftay till it thickens by the
^lieat of the Body v the Irritation alfo at IVindp'ips
being lek's b'ecaufe the Flux of the Rheum is mo-
derated fc'r %the Reafon aforelaid. But of thefe
Things moi ^e A^ully when we come to explain the
Caufe Of CaujS^i of the Bffeihof Opium.

CHAP,

of Opium RevearJ. 5 5

CHAP. X.

It is provedj That Opium fends no Fumes ^
&ۥ from the Stomach to the Head, Br din ^
&C. and therefore that it does not dimi^
pijh J or difable the Spirits^ &C. bj/ that
nieansn

TH Cy- the Ophicn of theCtf/J oi Opium is much
exploded, chat of Fumes^ Vafours^ or Aurdsy
ariitng from the Ofmm at Stomach, and moun-
ting up to the Brain, 0-0. is as much received and
embraced; I know none, but fjch as think it ab- ,
ib}utds^ neceflary, confidering that it is moft cer-
tain, and allow'd by all obfcrving Men, That
Oftum produces all, or moft of its EffeEls^ while
. it is at Stomach ; That the Genus Nervcfum is
tnoftly congerned in its Operation ; and that (^as
was (aid) there is no Operation^ or ABion^ but bjf
Cohtait : So that the Moderns^ acquiefcing in the
Nccefllty of i(s operating that w;j/, begaufe they
could conceive np other, (which is no Proof, but
9 DefeSf of their Conception) look upon it as invin^r
cible and uncontrplable EvUcvce of its operating
by Detachmenu oi Fumes ^ or Ej^uvia^s^ fent up tQ
the Brain from the Stomach-^ which appeared fo
undeniably cQnchfive., that neither the v^^nt of a
fenfible ^.ajfagey nor any other Inconven,knce^ figni^
fied any thing Ciri;/^ ^^^1 to the contrary ; there-
fore ic became an eftabliuied Fcundarhn hy com,
monConfent; only they differ'd (asvvns ih^wn)
in the manner how thofe Fumes produced the
EfftSs o[ Opium: And well they miglit, feeing
there .1^ tip fiich thing, nor poffibilicy (if they
» - " ' E 4 ' . vv?rcj

5^

The Myfte,

were) of ever explicatifig the

— __,. ^ ,.,j vsTiom Eft/ft of

Opium by that meartS, ds will manifcftly ap|.
pear.

I confefs, that if Opi$m bper^ted by fiich Fumet

paflTfig from the StontMcb to the Brain, &c. it
would be eade to conceive how it 0JO!j!d Mmmipf^
or difable, nay, utterly mine the animal Spirits %

I and indeed impofliUe rationally to conceiv^ how
they could do otherwife : But then the tnlivtnlngy
ini/igorati"^ , and encouraging EfftBs of OpiOm,
which are its conjlant and moft genuine Off^-ffiring^

. Would lie upon our haytAs, without any porfibility
of giving an account thereof; for certainly dull,
heavy, utinaturaU undigefted, and cloudy Fumes^
or l^afours^ could not advantage the animal SpU
ritSj caufe A Triumph^ or Qvatwn^ thereof, at their
Mcf^^ Courage, Serenity, PrcmptliuJe, Mitgnanimity,
Eupbory, Inclination to f^enery, 0-c. which we are
moft obliged to regard, as being its nioft mturd
and proper £fiffs.

This Opinion of the Mcderns does prefutne, QC

^fiippofe, ('for they prove nothing j

J Fitft, That Fumes, or Vapotirs, do readily and freely

^ pip from the Stomach to the Brain, becaule the grofe

Fumes (a.% they call them) of a Grain or two of

Opium , always operate before it is out of the

Stomach.

But they never faw fuch Futnei pafi, nor their
Tajfage^ only fuppofe both ; and that rtieerly upon
an. Imagivaiion that it muft be (b , becaule they
(forfmt) cannot Conceive any other ^ay by which
O^/BOTcanaffcfS the Head, Nervei^ &c. while it is
at Stomach \ whereas I caHj and Oiall (GjiJ v/iUmg)
ftew them another rtteans, or v/ay, to do it,
thatisy*»^i/e, and not wholly p««fio«f, as theirs
is, and that in the meaneft manner ; beeaufe 4II
ihcirGr"«»'/jtofkippofe it, is their Inability xotoni
eeivff

i

if opium ReveaTd. % f

ttive^ or apprehend^ what it (as I ihall fllCW) ntf ■

fmfibU, nay oh/iem al(b.

Secondly i They fupfefe , That fuch Fumtt JviS
ftrvt tofohe all ibe Phxnomna'i and- Operationi <f
Opium; whereas it ii utterly impoffible they liiould
Iblve the tnliven'mg and itntgoratrng Effdh ihcTC-

pr, (as has been Oiewn, and iliali be turiher prOr
ved, it God permits.^

It were eafte to evidence, but that it would be
tedious and needlcls, [for their Incompetency ta
(blve the moft proper EffeSt of Opam, u more
than enough) that fuch Fumts, or yatwrt, can
truly.folve no Efeit oi Opium, unlcfiit be that of
Dcaib, or iovcit deadly Symptomt •, nay, they will
not <b1ve the moft likely to be caulcd by Va^Hn^
■viz,. Sleep, which all Men ("as WetUUtis fiys) al-
low to be the EffiQ of Fumts, or Vapours, (in his
Ofiologia, c. J I. p. 35._) ^'' Somnum nalureltm (hyt
" Uc) omnes concedunt pToducert fuavicrts, ^ bU»4M
f duLSvfiidnit , feu Vapores frimum eitSunt'tr de-

f*- malcentei, ^ui cumjpirttihiu animelibut mixTi torpi-
f* dos ^uaji illoi reddmt ; That IS, " Ali grant :hat
" iina and gentle Fumes do eaufe natural Sleep, ficc

L

Which is moft certainly falfe ; tho' 1 very much
doubt, that this groundlefi Pm/hw^i/iW, which (a»
heintimatesj a!! embrace, has been agreatcaufe
of this airy imagination of Fames in the Cafe of
Opium ; beo'.ufe Men looked upon SUep (agreed
upon to be caufed by Fumts) to be the prime, lea-
dings and mo^ proper EftS of Opium i which is
alfo/w//i, it being but a »w«r -^«iV(»r, fas has been
ihown) atid when it happens, generally requires
hing , or fitting fiill , to aflift it ; whereas the
Vatehing, that IS the Effe^ pf Opium, retjuires no
itc/p, and cannot be put oif ( as Sleep can, by
Motion, ^Bion, &c,) notwithlhnding all Endea-
yeuri (0 the contrary. Now 1 would Imow of
any

'58 The Myfteries

any Man, which is the raoft proper and natural
JE^c'fl of any Caufe^ That which nothing can hin-
der, or that which every ^Qion can ? But I run
too far upon this matter , whicli belongs more
aptly to that part of this Book, that explains all
the EfeUs of Opium ; and ib muft return to that
of Fumei , which do not caule natural Sleep, as
manifeftly appears,

I. Becaufe that which caufes ntitural Skep^ niulJ,
in all Reafon, fas it is always in the wife Worit of
Nature ) bear a Proportion thereto ; but Fumes
fluppofing their Bting) bear no Propartioit to our
Sleep. Certainly a working Labourer , that toils
all the Day, muft fpend the Fumes of his Body in
the higheft decree ; and feeding upon dry Bread
and Cbetfe, mUft breed fewelt Fumst ; yet none
fleeps better or fweeter than he, The like is to
be faid of a tra-vSing Man, a tired Perfon, &<:.
who often fall adeep before they eat or drink to
renew their Fumes, which they had fpent in an
extraordinary manner. Why Sleep, that is de-
fign'd for Refrejhment and Recruit, ihould depend
upon Fumes , no Man can tell; for (hen our
Refrefhmenc would wholly depend thereon, and
no Man have any 'Recruit by Sleep, but in propor-
tion thereunto. Who dares accufs our IVife and
Good Maker of flich Contrivances , who in Nature
always proportions Things to the Exigencies there-
of? and therefore Sleep not to Fumei, but to that
which was impair'din us fni want thereof; which
is always contriv'd by l^ije Nature f if you'll ob-
ftrve \t) to be the prompting Caufe to the Recruit j
and then Proportion is duly oblei v'd , bccaule we
are prompted exadly according to the Exigence
or NeceJJiij of NaCurey as becomes die Wifdom c£
our Creator and Prefirver. This Rule (i[ duly at-
tended to^ will eafily, fpeedily, and certainly
lead

^

1

of Opium ReveafJ. 5^

lead you to the Knowledge di the true natural

Caufes oi Hunger y Tbirfiy Inclination to Sleeps and
all (uch CaUs for Refiauratian. All which I could
loon iatisfie you in, but that it is not my Eufinefi
at prefent^ and that it "mil too much anikipato
my defigtied 'PrtA of Animal Aitcbaiufm.

Nor doth Labour it ^If bear ^ny enaQ ProfortioB
thereunto , becaiife many healthy People , tha^
are idle all day, fleep long^ foundly^ and Sweetly,
every night, as well as Labourers : So that (in
fhojt; it muft be ibmewhat that faelofigs to
Watching as ioch ; for Sleef generally b<»rs the bc^
Proportion t6 Watcbing. ft we waub mucb , or
Kttle,* our Sleep bears fome Pn^fiMi thereto ;
tho' there may be in this^ as well as in Huf^^
itbirfi^ &c. Accident Sy rfiat ciufe the PromptuuJk tO
be more ovlefs^ and fi) vary the (rue natural Propor^
tion ; all which have the Nature of Difeafes y as
canine Appetites^ Ccmdsy Caros^ preternatural Tbirjfs'^
ti^c*

What it is that Watcbing cauies to prompt us tOj
5&«p, -miift be fome Impair made thereby a^
fiich^ and not the foolifh Conceit of Fumes: Anc^
it were eafie for me to illuftrate what it is, but
that it will require fome Sheets of Paper, and (as
I laid before) anticipate my Difcourfe of Animal
. M^cbanifmy which I hoped to have publtfhed be-
fore iki\% Booky and would have been moft conve-
nient, becaufe the Principles therein ftated may
ferve to explain the Effe&s ofOpium j but that thq
n^ant of ,a feW Experiments has (to my Grief) hi^
therto delay 'd ic j and therefore I miift be pat to
much Trouble in this Work for want thereof, be^
caufe I am refolved not to (pare my (elf, in order
to^tisfie the Reader in this great and unexplicated

fAj^ery. . ;

«

2. If

6o The Myfierhs

2. If fitpoia-i were the caufe of Mtitral Sleep, If
is impo^le that the ^ick of a Pin^ or a flurp
SeunJy &C. Iliould awake one ten or twenty dmes
in an Hour • for either the Prick muft in an i»-
fiam dUcufi all the fMimj in being, which is im-
pofliUe to be imagined* and they as often return
to caule Sleep again ; or intercept their Motion
from the Stomacb to the Head^ which no Man can
have any Conception of the Efficacy of the P/n,
fir Sounds fo to do: Or they mult both difiuJS and
interceft the Fumes, (which indeed if the cafe were
fuch, would be neccOary to make a clear Aiva-
ibV) wluchisyct far more unconceivable. What
faUry Trifles does the World embrace, infield of
Truth and Resfon !

J. Several Perfons ( whereof I am one ) do
•wake in a minute or two after they firll fall alleep
in Bed at night ^ which would be abfolutely im-
pofliblet if Pumet caufed Sleep ; for the Fumes
would increaie more and more^ and make onenwre
and more remote from waking.

4, Why fhould warm Baths, Femeatatiotti, Feet-
ivaytes^Head-wa^s, ivarm moifi IVeatber^ the ji£l if
Vti^y,'&\Z Pleajure offweet Aitlody,gefille nthHrtg vf
the Head in a ptealanc manner, fcratcbing the Back
where it itches, and alt gentle Pkafurei that are
confiftent with ^i»?, ov fining ftill, which do all
caule a very free Perfpiration of Fumes at the
Tores, ('diac are then pio(t certainly opened by
alt tho^ Caufes, as may t>e proved by ftatick
Demotxflratian, Magnifying Glalles, &-c.) caulo
Sleep, feeing they all caule a ^nding of the
Fumes I

Ohj. Some half-witted, unttrinking CaviSer may
fiy, That fuch Ttungs ftir up the Vapours^ &e.

Anpv.

I

J

e/ opium Reneutd. 6\

Aafv). What fudi rocan by l^apowi flirr'd, is
hoc eafily decerraiiuble ; buc this I know, thtc
all ftir of Humours^ or any other thing, hinders
Sltep J and that the longer fuch Caafes of open-
ing the Porei , and confequemly of pcrfpiring
FitfKt dolal^, the more we are indin'd by them
to Sleep ; fo that the more our Fhtiui have been
fpent, the more we are inclined to fte^i which
is a ftrange CemraMSion, if Fumei be the cade of
Sieeo.

I can but fmile to think how moft Phyfidam
come to call feveral things Vafours: Firft, they
lay, that SUef is from l^apeurs j then call every
tlung Vafouri (right or wrm^J that inclines us to
flecp, by reafon of chat lalfe Suppofuion .- How
then comes Camphire not to be a great Cauler of
Sleep, thar is & apt to evaporate i

j. fir<r, SorroWy Grief, tAelancholy, Dipreffion of
SpiritJ, Cold, &c. do moft certainly clofe the
Foret, (as appears by i\atick Experimtnt/) by which
means l^awurs are much crowded in the BoJy j
yet all fuch Grievances do hinder Sleep, as they aU
(b do the EffeEii oiOpium and Drunkenrnji: Therc^
fore they do not proceed from Fumes^ as the
H^orU imagines ; for then thefe things that crowd
in the Fames ^id Vapours^ woQld promote, QOt
hinder Sleep.

6. \i Fumes ar« the caufe of Sleep, then are the
caufe of Sleep and yenigo's (as the yaporanimt
aBow) the fame, it follows then that we could ne-
ver Jleep without a yertigo,

7. Many (as Dr. WiUu faysj eat theip Mtat^
take their Drink^ 6cc. as other People, yet do
noty?e(p at atl for mmy JVeeks together; which
were impofEble, if the Fumes of Meat and Vrivk
caufcd Slte^-y for they, by eating and drmkjigt

J

62 The Myjleries

muft have thole Fumes , and confequently .SUep^
as other People, if that were true.

Thirdly, They fuffofe and take it for grantedy
("which I do not, for I know the contrary) That
Opium, whilt it is at Stomachy can affiQ the Brain ^
&c. no (fther way but by fumes j which is a moft
grouhdlefs Suppofition : For^

I . How fliould a Lumf of Curd at Stomachy or
the Haft of a Knife fwaUoTiPd^ and many fcch
things, which can fend no fumes to the Heady
caule Convuljions , Head^acbs , Vertigoes , Syncopes ^
Leipotbymies of the whole Man> Manias^ Furors y
&c if there were not another w^ for things to
iffoSt the Nervofum Genus y &c. while at Stomachy
befides fending up Vapours to do it ? But of this
matter^ to Ihew how a thing at Stomach may at
fed the Brainy and the whole Syftem of the Nerves^
&c. and how Opium does it without Fumes^ the
17, .1 8, 19, 20, &c. Chapters wiSl (hew you at large j
Therefore I fliall lay no more of this at prefent^or
it is fit for us firfi to overthrow that Suppojition ef
Fumes and Vapour Sy before we eftabliih pur own.
For farther Satisfafiion then , as to that general
Suppdfition oiFumesy let us duly and fully confider
Things*, for it is not a flight matter to proceed
againft a General Opinion y that has continued
through all ylges^ or to wipe off the Prejudices ac-
quired thereby, Obfervcy

1. That the Brain is a Principal Part.

2. That it is very fofty tender^ and next to i
Fluid.

3 . That very fmally fine, and gentle Things do
highly offend it^ as the Effluvia^ s of Iweet, or ill-

(cented Things , caufing hyjterick and epileptical
Pits^ Syncopes^ Faintings^ &:c. It is alfo notorious

among

of Opium ReveaPJ. 6^

among us Pbyjicians^ that a little tunte^ fcarce fen-
fible as to Quantity or Q^duy^ rifing from a Toe^
Finger^ &c. and arriving at the Bram,cax3&iditdA'
fv\^ilefticalFits^yertigo^s,8cc. ^

4, That our Wife and Vrovidint Creator ^ has
therefore fecured and fortified all the Avenues of
the Brdn^ in a more particular manner^ by (eve-
jal CircumvaBations^ viz* -

Brfi, With the Pia Mater.

Secondly^ With the Dura Matir^ called fo from
its Hot Jnefsy Solidity^ and Strength.

Thirdly^ WithsifirangSiull^ of a round or arch-
ed Figure.

Fourthly, With the Pericranium.

All which belong to it particularly, befides other'
Integuments common to it^ with other Parts \ ^i^
I . The Skin. 2. The Cuticle. 3. The Membrana
Camofa. '4. Tht Periofiium : All which do fur-
round it; and after all, it is Thatched fas it were^
with Bair,

J*. That the feme Providence has taken car4
(wkich is very obfervable) that none of the O*-
jeQs of Senfaticn^ nor f probably j any Particle, or
Effluvium, that flies from them^ fliould ever reach
the Brain^ but only bsLrc Impulfes, and they not
immediately conveyed, but by the Intervention of
a fine, tenuious , foft , gentle^ and moft agreeable
Aura^ viz>. the Animal Spirits^ left any Offence
fhould be given in the leaft manner to this moft
tender, delicate^ principal Part, and Royal Seat of
the Soul^ all which Care had never been^ with-
out Neceflityt for GodsLtid Nature do nqthingilv
vain.

An*

€^ The Myfteties

And if you'll duly confider the Orgam of SeiTf
lation, that arc near the Bnun , yoirll tind that
they are contrived as Shuturs, to exclude all ex-
traneous Particles from the Brai» ; for Impulfet
might have been contrived without their Intervtn'
titn, becaufe they do not alter or improve ihe Jw*-
pulfa received from Objefts ; for if they did, wc
(hould not have true notice of Things : And fee^
ing they do not alter, or improve the Impulfes, of
what Ufe ihould thw be but to exclude extraneous
Partidei^ FumtSy E0uvia's^ &c.

For ht/tance : The tremulous Motion of the ^iV,
in the cafe of SounJ^ would have as truly hit the
Auditory Nerve, or M*mbrane, without the Tytn-
fan ; and very often much truer without it, be-
caufe of the feveral Fauki and Di for Jen that it is
iHibte to : Yet ib necelTary was ic thought by the
beft of Judges^ who cannot err, that it was ra-
ther tobe placed there, with all its Inconveniences
that might follow , than any way expofe the
Brain, though to the moft gentle of Bodies, viz..
the Air, by which fin all probability J the
Aitimal Sfirits tbenifelves are nourilhed , or lu-
ftained.

Were it not that extraneous PartlcIeSi or Air,
would offend the Bmw, What need is there of the
Tjmjian, when we know as well by Experience,
as by the aforefaid Rtafom, that a Dop gic can
hear as well without ic, upon tlie firft taking ic
off, but thit the Hearing will afterward decay,
becaule the Bmin, Sec. being expofed, will be in-
jured^

What is evident in the cufe of the £tfr, may be
made lb as to the Nafe and Eyes ; for though iome
of my ReaJert n\ay noteafily conceive it, theKsr
prelentarion of Things might have been conveyed
Vy HefieUhns and RefraQiens of Light , withoiyt

*
1

of opium Reveal J. 6^

ttcfading ihe Air , but that ic was more convf ,
nient and fa^ for the Brain, and Optsck Nerve,
('which is much the fame matter with the Brain,
and a Production thereof^ that the Air Ihould be
excluded.

tf. INotwithftanding all this Care to exclude
extraneous Particles, how fine ibever, we do find
that ihofe very Impuljis , conveyed by the Ani.
mal Spirits themfelves, in the moft gentle manner
imaginable , do often offend the Brain.

Now fairly confider the great Excellency and Ufe
of the Brain,-viz.. to feparate xhz Animal Sfintt, to
accommodate the Soul with a fiz Seat for it ; its
T<fn</(T»f/?andSo/'fWji?tobenextta Li^uiJitji i how
carefully it is guarded with about nine or ten Cir-
cunrvallations ^ or confidcrable Inttgumenti [ that
thofe we commonly call Organs of Senfatian, are
Contrived for Shutters out ( or Excludersj of the
leaft extraneous Particlety Effiui/lat, or Aura;
that the leaft Fame that rifes front any Vart, and
arrires at the Brain, caufes fiich terrible and dif-
itoal EffeSi, and that mod gentle touches of the
Animal Sfirits do offend it, foas to axSklragical
Events, as hyfierick Fits, yertigo's^ &c. Is it likely,
Aat notwithftanding the ConJUerablenef, Tendeme^^
XJft-, .and ExceSency of the Brain, the eXtraordi*
ftary Providence ufed in guarding it fiom E^u~
via'f^ or extraneous Particles, how fine Ibever, and
the apparent Mifchiefs that the leaft Fume, nay,
bare Impulfis, prelented by the Animal Spirits, do
caufe; that the fame Providence th^t fo guarded
it fwhich does nothing in vainj fliould, jfter all
its Care and nice Circumfpei^ionto exclude the
I«aft Fume, &cc. permit, and freely let loofc upon
it, and into it, whole and even continual Gu/fs,
Blfjfs, and yukano's, of aciJ, acriiHonisui, putriJ,
ioff jinking, corrcfive Fnma, Fawun and Steamif
F arifing

^ z!Off pinKifig,

€6 The Myfieries

ari/ing fiotit glutttd, AebaucU'd^ and y«^
macbi , containing all imaginable Tri^t Hodge*
fod^e, Vnmine, Cbeltr, ficc, lUre it is much fitter
quite to dircharge and rid Nature of them at
Mmb, or rather ftnd them downward with their
fit Companions , the /linking Ordure and Excre-
menti , tlian prefer them to the Higheft and
Noblcft Pan of the Animal and Sacred Manjm of
the Soul.

For if there be fo ready, f-et^ o«a, and cm*
pant a Pajfage ( ferfihte. Or infenfibU ) for thc
Fumes of Opium, which never fails of its EffeBi^
then certainly muft the Pafage be alike free to all
other Fumei from the Stomach, feeing they are lb
tothofe groft, venomous, and pernicious Fawej of
Opium, as W/fftf, and moft of the modem and aa-
eient Pbyficiam do ftate them to be : Then fare-
wel Seul, Brain^ Life, and aU j for it is not con-
ceivable that the Man can hold out one Hour
under fuch horrid and difmd Circum/lances, and
dreadful Eff/^flltfUi of ri«fe and erWe Fumes^ whO
could not bear the arrival of the leafi Vapow^
fcarce fenfible in Quantity or Qiiality, arifing-from
any other Parr ; Or is it a peculiar Tuviledgt rfiat
the Stomach has, thus to fend Farts with their
Heels upward, (si BeUbsng is callM) without any
offence , to perfume the Stuh Preftnce-Cbambtr,
(Civing your Prelence however?) Fohl for/hamel
What fort of Opinions are thefc ? What thici,
piniiifg , and dark Clouds^ Seetomits , and StH-

fors, muft the Ofiniatort be under, by their own
Confent ?

7. If this were the cafe, no Part in the whole
Body would be in fuch a niiierable Aate as ths
Cittf ; for the Return, or Colon, are fitted and
fortified by Naiun to bear fuch Ttungs ; fo isnot
the ttader £r«in.

«.Whac

of Opium Reveaiy. €y

8, What Hoife's Brain, much lefs Humane one,
toutd bear, inceffant Rttkinii^ ?tn(trfiiion$, Stuf'.

I Jiwgj of Eich unnatura! J indige^ed^ bittrogtnevm,
\Tigrtdt acid f acTimDfiiodt f vujrid^ and impettiom
'" w«? If

GutTa tafinh Lapidem non v'l feifaft cadtndei

' What 1

; would become oftlie tender Bralv, thu!
nidely rubb'd ahd grated, aII the days of our
Li-vts, if it cODld hold out any ? for it is incrc-
d&le it ifaould.

9. How would the Tons bf that foft Subftancc,
which have no lefi Office ( as 'tis univerJally re-
ceivcd) than to feparate jinimd Sprits, (which
are or Ihould be the fineft and moft fubtile, te-
nuious, and principal Things in an Animal, next
tfie Soul it felf )be dilcotnpofed.torn, dilated, flutf-
4d ? What a blefled Secretion of Animal Spirits
(if aiiyj would there be !

10. Iiisobfervcdby all,ThattheBr<i»», tho'very
fbftj receives the leall Change of any Fan of the
Body i which could never be (confidcring its ten-
demefi) if it were Co raked by all forts ol Fumes •
for iheii doubtlefi (uch a Body would be moft
dianged of any in Cbloi&, Subfiunce, Tettturty Big-
»t^y fire. What would become of Memory, and
indeed of all the Faculties of the Brain ? Can a
loft, yielding Suh^ance, continually dilcompofed,
prcferve ImpreJJtom made thereon? If Fumet
flow'd continually through the Bww, they muft
wear out all ImfreJJion, yea, and the Bram it felf, la
a fhort time. . I

11. It would be very dangerous to wr biMnkfJk
if the Brain muft fuffer ft) much by the Fames 01 1
ilff«r, W^ue, &c. It would be hard to know whft. |
ther it was beft to eat or wof, for both mult be 4

II

F X

I i.What

^8 The Myfteriei

1 2. What a vaft D^erence fhould we obTstre.
as to Serenity of AdinJ, So:, when empty and full •
For in this laft cafe, the Brain tnuft be all in a
CleuJ, or a Cloud in it, or hth ; yet are Men
much moieferefie, prompt, and fit for any thing,
after Ibine Glafles of IVme, than before, and after
tnoderate Eating , tlian when Hungry > which
makes them faint, peevilh , ill-humour'd , and
mtlefs.

15. If the Vafours, or Fumes, of Opium, flying
tip to the Brain^ caufed all its EffeBi, it is very
ftrange that our Fumi 'venduh had not long fincc
found out ihc- Aie'tTtttbank.Gamlrol of ftanding up-
on their HeaJi, to prevent all Mifchief from Opium
taken in a great Dofe; for Faniei in a warm living
Body would not defcend into the Hem!. I wonder
they did not find out fuch an eafie and natural Con-
fcquente of their Hyfotbefi , if true ; they might
then have boldly mounted any Stage, freely taken
Opium \t\ the fight of the admiring RabhU -y their
Summerfels, Going upon their Hands, &c would
have fecured them, and turn'd Danger top/k-turi>y
by the help of a comical Ge^urt. This is indeed
ibmewhat topwr/'oye, ifit fucceeds; if»of, Ilhould
think 'twere enough to ridicule their Hypothefis out
of fall Credit^ without any farther Argumenis. I
dare join IJJite with them upon that Foi»t, that it
will not fucceed, though a neceffary Confi^uence
oi ihetr Opinion^ if true; wherein they will have
this Advantage , That they'll confefi with one
that never did ('or will) try it, as being well
aifured of the Falfity of both the Hypmhtps, and
the ExfiTiment-t without (iich a Trial of SkiS,

Kow I think that I have laid enough, and

would willingly give over arguing, and (pending

any more Time to confute an Hyfothejis lb abfurd, I

that it muft needs appear io to any regular'

Thmker {

I

I

of opium ReveaPJ, 69

Thinker without my Hel]> ; but all are not fiich>
and the PrfjuJicei general and inveterate , and of
fame tboufmdi of Years (landing, having conti-
nued through all jiges to this day ; and I would
6in quite put out this falfe Ligbt^ that (like H'ill
if the W(jf) has brought many a Man into the P«
of De^ucilon^ or Grave ^ while Phyjiciaw were
guided thereby. Therefore it being no flight
ffari to undeceive many, and a very good Work
(if poQible) to undeceive all ; I will (left what 1
have /aid be not fufficient to that end) add fomo-
what more to the fame pur^ofe ; though (1 doubt)
fbme will not be convinced till I /hew them how
Things wfiiJe at Stomach, may caufe all the Ef-

felt t Q^ Opium, bv 2 fevfi^e O^ratim, without the
tiflp of Fumei, ^apon-jj E0uvia's^ Anra^ or any
any fuch thing ; which have been the Afylum of ,
the Ihorc (ighted, that could fee no other Means,/
and therefore ( as was faid ) concluded Things V
mud be as they thought, preliiming that nothing i
could be that they did not fee- A fpecial hfe-
rence, and a very improving one, which muft
caufe People never to leek for any thing ! For
why (hould they, that think there is nothing but
what they fee, look any farther? To proceed
then:

14. It is agrcedon all AflHf/j, (asltakeit) That
the Animal Sprits are not generated till there is
am Appulje of the BlouJ at the Brain : Can it there.
fore be imagined. That Indulgent and Wife Na-
ture fiiould contrive a Ipeedier IVay to dejhoy, di.
minijtj^ or dijahle tbe Sfixiti^ by Fumei znd l^apourt
out of the Stomach, than to generate iheti;? Thefe
are not the ^ap of Equal Nature^ wl,ich deftroys
and generates by the feme Road ; fo that if Ani-
mal spirits are generated by the Bkud, they are
diminillied by fome Defefi therein;

V I

Ma"6?

7« The Myfteries

Matter in the Bloudfor thzt purpo/i -^ theBUttitiM
arriving at the Brahj and the like.

Note, That I rpoke in the laft ParagrMb of Ji-
minifhin^y for deftroying) not bare atfabling the
Spirit! • for the Spirits^ or fenfitii/e Soul^ may Ew
depreffed (or difabled) for ibme time, and exci-
ted, or elevated, by other means than that of the
Blouii^ as by Ple^furt or Dif/ileafure, Joy or Grief,
€fc. Thus good Newi, or the Pleafure of any of
the5CT</c/, enliven, invigorate, orelevate thcSpi.
rits, oi fenjitivf Soul, in 2 moment j this is the Vf^
that God has provided (or us upon fudden Exiger^
cies, Delianiums, LepetbymitSt Stc, and' thus Cw-
dials work fo fpeedily fas you'll find hereafter ; ) fa.
may there be ifudJen Depn^on of the Spirit i^ as
by iH Neifi, Tain, Scc which (if you*ll be pleaied
to remember) «rill much illuftrate Things her&i
after.

1$. The ordinary 5'ff«i«rj of the Bo^^ are fo
ordered, that they will not admit VnrtieUs of ano-
ther Ftgwe , efpecially if larger than the proper
Partickt ; mach more (hould it be Jo with the
Ptimipal Strainer ofthewhole Body, (1 mean the
Br«"») both for its fafety, and of the whole, which
depends upon the Animal Spirits, that are ftrai-
nea, or fepar^ted, from the BhuJ in the Brain •
therefore the Particles of Opium , which are
efteem'd grofi by alU (however are more fo than
the moft tenuioitt Animal Spirits) cannot enter in-
to the Porej of the Brain^ to dimiralh or dilable
the Animal Spirits, in cafe its Fume arrived
there.

i6. It was never the Method of Nature to fend
Things crude, unprepared, and undigefted, into |
the inmoft and principal ReceJJei and Parts of the
Body^ without paflbg gradually by the ftveral

of opium ReveaTJ. 7 1

I>lgeftiotis,Conco<aionf,Changes,PcrcoUtion5,Cir-
culations,d''f. preparatory thereunto ; ihertforcit
will not pertnit crude and indigcfted Fumet any
accep to the Brain, till they have (as it werej per-
formed their Quarentine ellewhere ; nor wiil W»-
turty which always afts confentaneous to it fcif,
froviJe any Pafage for fuch rude and crude Foreign.
«ri and Strangtri., to ravage the frmcifd tan of
an Ammal,

17. They cannot pals by the Arttrm^ which
carry nothing out ot the Stoaacb « but all into
it, or towards it, and that with a violent Mo-
tion, which oppofes any thing that would pais
chat way.

1 8. Nor by the yansy which carry nothing in-
to ihi Brain I but if rhey enter'd the ^"«i at ^ro-
macbj they muft thence pafs into the Rkhi Vm-
tricU of the Heart, where being rarefied by Hmt,
they muft take up much room, and fadjy diicom-
pole the Afs/w» ofrhe B/oW, and alfo enter this
frincipul Part jna t-ri/de conditiun^ (f-ho mucti better
able to bearthem than the Braio) then muft they
pafsinto the Luiiigs, where you may be (ure they
will t^e fo faucy as to take up the uppermoft Roi-m j
and how they will be brought down again info
the Left ywtrick of the Heart, [which they mull
vouchlafe to do , before they can get inco the
BratTiJ none can lell': There then muft they
ftick, and caufe an Afihma, anlels the Man has
the good Luck tq be lid of chefe Proven by Brea.
tUng, and then fjoy be with them I as there vvi-(
be, when they are gone) tliey are loft, and never
arrive at the Brain : And ii'^r could be conceived,
that they condeftent^ed to come down from the
hunts, (contrary to their Levity^ which is not to
h^tbougbt) what Fj-c«i( muft they play in the
Lrfl Veniriclc oi the Heart, and what a; Brain,
con/idering it cannot bear the /?«/? Vufours '. (as

7? TheMyflmti

has been fiiewn •■, ) whereas in thh Ca/e , tl
muft be a continual Stream thereof, and corife-
quently a Mfconthiuance of the JS/oaJ, and its Mo-
tion. See then how little Thtught they muft
have, that aflert it is convey'd with the Bioud d-
ther to the Veim or Jrteriei !

19. Nor by the Lym^heduBs ; for then they
muft, contrary to their natural Levity, descend
into the Rectptaculum Chyli, and out of the Suh-
clavidi itito the Right Vemrkle of the Heart, and
afterward run all tnac wild Rirque /-.^lentioned in
the laft Paragraph, which was fliewn to be im-
lioOiblc.

20. Nor by the Nerves i for then they muft
cither njn up In the Road of the Jnlmal Sfiriti,
or in fbme By-way. If they pafled by the Road
of the Spirits, then muft the Spirits be ftopp'd for
that time, (which is no Ihort one) and wefiiffer a P*-
«/;>/& ofthcJ'oW'ieiall that time, or bemuchdiftur-
bed and interrupted ; then Ihould we have Convut-
fi>ns,ov at leaft fbme degrte ofa Varalyjis of the Stomach.

And if they pafled by Ibmc Byway, or Road^
beHdes that of the w^nim'i/ Spirits, then muft it
be a ftdi, or an tmpty one ; if full, that Humour
(as fijppofe a Succtts Nutricius, for once^ muft be
difturbed and difcominued, (as the Animal Spirits
Were fliown to be ; ) and if empty, it would fol-
low, that Nature had void and w/f/f/ DuBs., which
none ever had the Folly or Confidence to afiert J
or that Nature contrived them for that purpefe,
which is (as has been (hewn) dircftly againft jp
Methods and Advantage.

But after all, whither would you have them
march in this By-Rcad? for they could not mix or
communicate (as good Luck is) with the Spirits ;
and if they did, it is impoffible it fhould be with-
out luch Difturbances as I mentioned would fol-
low, jfthey pafled in the Korf'i of tlie Spirits ^

o/ opium ReveaN. 73

is not common Senfc, thatfuch tmdt BUJls fiiould

mtUor4t€, or tnli'vey* ilv SfintSy lo caule Brtiknep^

much le& if thofe Fumet ftopp*d and ciowded in
the Brain , and any way hindered the Ginera.
tim of Animal Spirits , as the coinnion AJfmion
is.

The like is to be faid of their paffing between
^e Via Mater, and the medullary Part erf the
Nerve, (which cannot be allow'd, becaufe of its
clofe atiherenet theretoj with this addition. That
they would conftanily caule a •viuient Head'ack,
wiiich Opium, and Meals, (to which Fumes are par-
ticularly attributed) do often cure.

So il ihey got up to the HeaJ, between the Pia
and Dura MatiTj it is Head-acbi, and not the Sym.
ftoms of Opium, that they would produce j wWch
Head-achi ( as was laid ) Opium and Minis do
9ure;

' zi. l^lj. If they pafled by any means quite
on the QUtfide of the Nerves and their Memhrants^
(■viz.. the Pet, and Dura Mater) then muft they
rake their Lodgment (if within the ShiU) between
the Dura Maier and the SkuU, and produce no
other Symptom but a Headach, which (as waf
faidj Opium and Meals rather cure than produce ;
and if without the ShtU, it is quite befide the Ch.
JJypw, and the Vapororiam own Intrmton j for in
all ihefe laft Cafes, they could not afTeft the ^ni.
meiSpirits forgood orevil. Many and very many
things may be added, to Ihew the ImpofibUiiiei^
ItKcnvejtienceSj Incoherertcei, Abjurditiis^ Sic. that at*
tend the ^^pge of ihe Fumei and Vapours into the
Brain, Head, £c.

22.1 had forgot'mentioningihe Abfurdity of its
pafHng up at Gullet, and fo to the Head, becaulc
I could not imagine that vanyj one would be
fo

■ I could t\

74 ^f's Myfteries

to beaftly an Animat as to belch up an Argument of
that kind, confidering our very 5«B/«teirus, that
what comes up that way pafles out at Mouth or
Uojirih, and bccaufe, if it were fb, the Oftrttticnof
Opium J &C. would be in proparticn to our Belchir.g^
■ which is ridiculoMf.

25. The greateft Comfort of a Cordial is at firff,
or foon after it is taken ; but if 'its Comfort were
by F«M«, or Effiitvia'i, paffing to the BlouJ, or
any where befides, the Carport would (as their
Caufeof Fumei do) increafe for a long time, and
be more after a good while than at firlt. So,

24. If Opium operated by Fuma while at Sta-
macb, which muft gradually increafe continually,
how comes Opium to be at the height of its Ope-
ration in a (hort rimCj -viz.. in about half an Hour
after it begins lenfibly to operate, or an Hour at
fiirthcft, and not increafe codtinually in its Opera-
tion, as their pretended Caufe the Fumes muu' do
by continual IVeaming ?

ay. U Opium operated by fending ^umej by
P'tJ/ages^ Bcc. from the Stomach to the Brain , £
ihouid think that when it has got out of the Sto-
machy as into the Inttfiints, Uaeal Veins, &c. there
ffiould be a kind of Interval of its Operation^
' ^which is never obferv'd^ till it got into the Bloud
again j therefore it does not operate by Fumes^
for the Pykrtts is always fhut, but when foniewhac
is lent downward, wtuch would hinder the mount-
ing of the KjipMWJ into the 5/otokAj in order topaft
to the Brain.

26. If Vapaars were the caule of Sleep after Mcali^
then ihouid we be more fleepy two or three Hours
after Meals, becaufe of the abundance of the Fuvtei
chat would be crowded into the Brain by chat
time- but we are more fleepy prefenriy after
MeaU, and if we indulge it but for a <]uarter of an
Hour , we OTQ refrefhed , and far from Jleepinej^
after-

o/ opium ReveaN. 75

afterward, rho* the Fwbw fif chat Hyfothtfi were
true^ would be much more at Brain two or three
UouT' after the Meal : So it is in the caji of W^w,
if one take a (hort Nap after fome Glaffit, he may
drink a ^reat many auerward without being flee-
pY i which plainly proves, that it is not the Fumei
of the f^* is the caufcofthe5/«^, becaufehe
is not at all fiti^ , when there tnuft be more
Fumes.

27, AH allow, that hot Fimtt aflaulting the
Brain caufe Tbrenjies • if that be true , then the
Tumts of Wine and Ofium (which are both very
hot) muft always do lb ; but Opium and fVine alto
do often caufe Cem^tfure, Good UumoMT^ Sleep, &c.
Which are contrary to Vhrtnjiei j therefore they
do not operate by Fumei.

aS. " If Sleep (lays Htlmont, theonly Man that
" I have read who is againft Vapours) is caufed by
*' VapoHTi afcending from the Stomach to the Head,
" ebfiruBing and interctfting all the Tajfages if Sen.
'* fation, Motion , Speech, Judgment, &c. (^ at the
" Scbopls fay) then a Difeafe would bavt been he-
** fore tht Fall of Adam, becaufe Sleep would have
*• been a Difeafe , that is, a fiasultnt and vapsrcut
« Paljie.

29. All allow yomVives and Purgen to operate
by Irritation^ or a grievous Stnfation of the Mem-
Prams of the Stomach ; Why not H^ne, Cordials,
Opium, 6CC. by ipleafant Scnfation ? Cujusefi Dolor
(aut Gravamen") ejufdem efi Veluptas ^ and as a
grievous Stnfation (or Pain) caufes Melancholy, De.
frejjion of Spirits ^ Fretfulnef^ Lafftude, fitc. ib a
fUafant Senfatlon caufes Comfort, Elevation of thC
Spirits, Euphory, 5cc, But we have not cleared
the Way fufficiently for thefe Matters yet, which
will in due umt be fblemnly coniidered.

j€ The Myfteries

Ohj. It may be (aid. That both t^omithtt and
Purgatives take (brae time before they operate, un-
leG a Naafia upon Averfton caufes them to work
fboner ; for Things muft have time to inlinuate
thcmlelves (or Ibak) through the Crufia Camefa of
the Stomach , and afterwards to aSs(t its fe^file
Coat ; which argues that Wine and Cordials, which
operate immediately, do not operate that w^/, but
by Famtt (or Eluviums) paffing into the Braia^
or £/0Mt^

Anfvf. I doubt indeed, that this Diference may
be an occafion of referring the ESsStsofCor/iuli^
and thofe oiEmisticks and Catharticks, to difierenc
Ci««/(j i but it is very Grange, that they (hould go
lb far as the fi/o«/, or Brain , to feefc for the
Caufe of the Operation of Cordials , which operate
in a Moment^ and go no farther than the Stomach
for the Caufe of the Operation of Vomatives antl
Furgati-vesj which take more time to operate ;
cfpecially feeing the Bload and Brai>t have no
Seofaien, and that all fenfitive Comforts happen
by that means, I think it were much more pro-
per, firft, to confider the immediate Part upon
which diey infiftj ["when at Siomfcb) e^cially
Iceing it is fo very fi»/ible , before we run roving
I know not whither, to feek for the Caute of a
Thing that works, pleafes, and comforts the Sto.
macb, as foon as it is down. I take my lelf rua<
nine off the proper SttbjeU Matter of this Chapter
andanticipating that of another i therefore I will
be Ihort, and deliver my Opinion in this Cafc hy
Way of Polltion, with a familiar Inftance to illu-
Itrateit, which may in fomemeafure prepare you
for the Proof of it, and what is to be faid thereof
more at largb hereafter

o/Opium ReveaFJ. .77

I (iy then, that hot ^iriitioui Cordials, (for luch
indeed all froftr Cordials are) as Brandy^ Dr. Stt.
phenis IVattr , and fuch-like, hr/'mg fulphurtout
Particles fo prepared and dHiwfed towards Heat,
or F(>(, that they arc as it were in Potmtia pro-
xima (or next Dijpofition) thereto; are mighty
apt to contrail a Heat^ as you find by Spirit of
fPine, or Brandy, kept the leaft time in a warm
Place^ or (to come clofer to the matter) in your
Moitth^ wherein being aiftuacedby itsHeor, they
will as in an infiant grow lb hot and adive, that
you can hardly bear them , becaule Partickt of
Heat which penetrate 'any Adetal^ GUfi^ See. im-
mediately as fcon as applied thereto, will much
more caHly and Iboner penetrate our fbfc Parti
at Mouth , or the Crufia Carnofa at Stomach,
and lb reach the mod fcti/iU Coat thereof, pleafing^
comforting, and exciting the Spiritui inftos as in a
moment by their jpirituout Heat, which we aAu-
ally feel and fenfibly tind to pleafe and comfort
the Stomacbi

But if (bme f urging TinSlwre had been put into
Uie Cordial-, or Brandy, this would not have foaked
dirough the Crufia Carnofa under fome time^ and
conftqticntly not operated till it had. This may
be moK manifeOly illuitraced by Ibme hoi Brandy.
or indeed any hoc Liquid put into a porous Dilh
fet upon one's Hand, which prefently warms it;
but if the Liquid be tinged with any thing, that
Tinilure will not reach the Hand, till the Li-
quor, which is its Vehicle, Ibaks through, which
may be in an Hour ( mare or lef) according
to the Porofity of the fVood, which TinAure is
to be compared to the Purgaii-ue^t Stomach.

Hence it follows. That all Cordialt jhould be a

j/^iri;Mc«j Liquid, if intended for (tidden Rtfi-ejhment,

which Experience hat taught, and be given aAual-

ly warm'd, if a very nimble Comfort be required ;

iho*

78 The Myfteries _

tho' the great Ueat of the Stomatb, aWe that of
the Mnutb , will generally be fuflident. ThuS
may the Stomach be pleafed and comroned, grie-
ved and purged, with the fame Draught ; but Gra.
ciota Providence has given the fiart to the Cordial^
which immediately comforts u> as a Heater.

30. If Opium operated by fuch Fumes^ it would
(at leaft in a liquid Form) begin its Operation as
foon as it is at btomach ; for it would begin to
lend up Fumes as foon as it began to be warm,
which if prefently, and be at a very conliderable
Height of ft*fii»g^ and confequently of Operation^
in one minute, which is about the fpaceoifeventy
ordinary Pulfes ; but we do not find it begin to
operate in that Form, under twenty, thirty,
or forty Minutes, which is much about the
time that a more agreeable, and not naufeated
Vomitive , or Turger , begin to affaft the fenfile
Cotffof the Stomach, and give intimation of their
fo doing. All which, and the Senfe of Pleafurc
that we adually then feel at Stomach, makes it
probable that it operates by affetffcing the Stomach
pleafantly and comfortably, (after the manner o£
generous H^ine) as Pargeri and Vomativef do by af-
YeHAngit pie'voufly, all of them (except the f^ine^
that pleales and comforts fooner becaule of its
Particles of Heat gain'd by Fermentation) opera-
ting much in the lame time, becaufe they take
like teitiire to (oak through the Cru^a Carmfa to
the fenfite Coat of the Stomach.

31. Alifenfiiive Pleafurt, Con^ort^ 80:. are re-
ceived by the Senfet \ and though any Part were
fome Way beneficed, that has no Senfe, no Com-
fort would be perceived ; without Perception, none
could fay that he is comforted : What fitter Pare
is there to be pleafed, and comforted by Senfa-
tion, than the Stomach ? which has fuch exquilke
ScqIC} that it can dtfcetn the 'vemj^ery Particles in

Jrfit.

r

of opium ReveaPJ. ye^

ifufiau of the Cneut^oi Reffilut of j^ntintcny^v/hidi
1)0 Senfatm but that at Stomach can difcern ; and
fo fmalU that a tboufimd Vomiteria made thercpf
by Infufion, do not fetifibly diminifti the Crocni^
or Regului, as to Pf^tight^ or Bulk j nor can I con-
ceive where any lenfible Comfort can be perceived
by alpoonful of Cordial but at Stomachy where ic
aftually is, and upon whofe Coats it immediately j
infilk; Is it not there that we feel the Comfortii.l
and where fhould we find it but there f What
would the Effiuviumt of a Spoonful lignifie , if
mix'd with 1 ooooo tima as much infenfiU Bloud ?
and what Part ( befides the Stomach) that the
BlouJ touches, can be fenfible of it ? So that if
Effuviumj were granted, 'tis thither they muft re-
turn to caiifc any confiderable Pkafurcy aiComfort:
But what need any Return of the inconfiderablc
£^wfM,when the main Body of th^ Cordial (yea,
all) lies upon the Stomach already ?

I muft forbear running into the Bufinels of other
Chapttrif having been tedious enough upon the
Subjed of this, and the rather, becaule it was lb
general and fo rooted an Opinion in tlie Minds of
A&», in all-^", and in all Seils oi Pbyticians xnA
Natural Fbilofipheri, that I couid not lay too much
to endeavour to free the World from the Slavery
of fuch an Im^o^ition, and the innumerable iil Con-
fequences of luch a fundamental and overgrown
Bttout.

Which certainly mufl have been long fince ex-
plodedi if ingenious Men had tirft thought, and
then ^oke irecly ■, but the Truth is, there were
many and great Caufes to the contrary, as thofe
intimated in the laft Varagrafh^ and the mighty
Vftfulntp^ and ready Officioufnels of that Opinion
ratumet, ioanf,ver for all the more obicure and
latent Caufes of the tiUUdiei and Difafitn of tlia
Brain

k

Sd The U^fterhi

Brain and Gems Nervefum. If any cnquircfl
called for the Caufe of a ^migo, the Pi^fician an.
fwered (Fuma^ J of EpilejiJieSj it was anrwerei)
(^Fumei J ) of Smomiei^ it was Fwwtcj ; of Htad-
achij Megrims, Cornet, Caroi, Letbar^iei , ficc. it
masFumes'f of Hyfierickfits, Com/uljions, Spafrm^
Crampi, 8cc. jt was Fumes j nay, they anfwered
as Caules to all DifiiUatims, Catarrhs, Eplfbora*/^
for weeping Eyti) and all> even ordinary Tetirs i
all which they faid were only thefe Fumes tum'd
into Ifaier by the CoUne^oi the Brairt^ as they ara
In a StiSj or Akmbick ; lb hoi Fumes accounted
' ffiT Phrtnfiesy Deliriums, Ravines, Scc So that how-
ever other Ikads were, the Pbjjicia»'s was Ihiifd
therewith ; and all Meteors of the Mierocofrn's
Upper Region, whether hot or cold, were fas thofe
* la the MacrocBftti) formed out of fitmes, as be ima*
gSned.

Thus you fee all the Opimem and Hymhififes
that have been , concerning the Oferation oi Opium,
to be moft abfurd, and dire^ly contrary to alt
ftufit StffiOf and Exptrieme.

4

CHAR

bf Opium Rneatd. 8 1 ■

P

I

CHAP. Xi.

Opium does not dimimjh or difMe the Spiritt
ty an^ mems whatfievtr.

HAving (ufficiently {iemonRrawd. that Opium
jCannot dimmip or Jifa^e.tBc Spirits by the
coU Quality of the Ancients^ or Famti of the Mo.
jernt, and . that neither of them have as much as
any Bang^ 1 (hall now adtj^ that Ofium does not
Jtminijh, or difablt {be Spirits hj eny elbtr mtam
wbatfotvtr.

. I would not. be mif^aken, when I (ay. That
Ofinm does not Jiminijh, or difebh the Spirits by
any means, (for there is nothing fo good in Na-
twre^ but will do it, if uled unduely, or immo-
derately, as fVtne, HreaJ, Milk, Honej, Su^ar,
Sar, &■(. in excels) for 4 intend, that ic does riot
do it when imly and moderatdy iii^d.

i. That which refredies the Wearied, and
highly prevents IVearintfs, muil add to, or excite
tlie Spirits, which is directly contrary to diminiJJi-
ing^ or difabling them ; but Opium does in a moft
eminent gianner refrelh the Wearied, and pre-
vent tfearinef^^ therefore it does not diminish, or
dilable the Spirits.

Some haVe been lb filly, and inadvertent, as
to ob|ea, ih« it refrefh d the Weary only by
Sleep J it is Mhut of fnff, that it refreflies theni
whetber they SUej, or no, and th^ wjchout fafl-
jj)£ as often as It is iifed in that Cafe.

G Other

82 The Mjffieries

Others (chat were no Wifer) have (aid, that
it only took off the fi»fe of Wearmfs by flupify-
ing> which happened by the Smi/Jifting, or t^if'
ebting of the drnmd Sfirits. Bare inrenfiblenefs
cannot enable the Spirits to Lt^oitr with eminent
Briiknefi and Aljcrity, as Men moft certainly do
after Opium it taken, being finely enlivimi, and
ii'vigoratedf as with gemreia l^ine j if tliey do not
know this to be true, let them for (hame hold
their Tongues ^t'A\ they know Matter of FaS^ which
if they will not, they prodaim themfelves to be
idle and imperiinmt Bahbltrs j but if they will

Eacientty and wifely abttain arguing, (ill they are
tisfied as to Matter <f Fait, then will they be
paft Opinion and Hyfothefn in that CaG; i for they
will have fenfibls and ctctim Knowledge of the
contrary, and the Truth of what I fjy ; which
Mnll enid all Controverfy, and -precarious Sfuabhlet
upon falfe Sappcjitkns, (as the manner is) that
cannot lead them to wtkt is Right, but by meer
chance, and never to a true Kjtowkdge^ that they
are in the Right, which makes it none in effed ;
for they can do nothing with y^fmance, but only
liippofe, and hope they are in the Right, when
they are as much out (to theif Patient's forrow)
as Phjjiciani have been in the cold Q»4''73 ^d
Fumes of Opium.

. , It is true, that a Grain (or Two) of Opium,'
will, if a Man compoles himlelf, fittings or lying
fiilii caufe-3 SUepinefi, equal to that caufsd by
fpending the Spirit) by a Day's Labour^ bur (pend-
ing of the Spirits is not the only, no, nor befl
preportiened, or more adequate caufe thereof, (as I
have fiiewn : ) If lofs of Spirit were the'adequatc
cau(e of Sleepy how fllould good and generous
Wine caule Sktp'inefs after that eminent Rate as
it docs in moft People ? How ihoujd the moft

pleafifig :

_J

' of Opium ReveaPcf. 85

bleafing Mufick incline fuch asAV, otfuJ^iS, to
iteep ? but if one Dances chereto, it m.ikes him

^morc lively and brisk than ordinary. The like
exadly do tf^ine and O/j/ww, if Men /;<-, or/r
/M ; but otherwifej they make them much more
brisk and lively, and able co undergo Ldi?»r,
AQiojij (^c. Which Note, that you may not any
more wonder> that EnUvenen and Exdtcrs of''
ihe S^Tttt do cauje Sleep, as well as Dimimpicrs
thereof J and obferve, that they are all pleafing
things, as Mu/ick.^ ifinty and Opium, which caiile
PUafMt DTMtTJi, Plmfam U^aukn^i, Pleafam Hh-
'r»6uri^ (P-c. Exped more of this Matter in the
foBowing Chaplerij and all by Jeg.eis, according
as I Judge the prejudiced IVvrU wHl bear Tilings :
For a great Paradox (how true fbever) nidft not
t* abrUpdy obtruded, but gcmly, and gi'aAi4aliy

ttifhered in by inlinuating Rr<xfomngi, otherwife {[ ,
will be entertained like a rude Btr^v^rr, that cori-ij
tradi^ a Multiitiie in Fafmm ana Cujicmt th;|n|
thCT have always uTed, and judged to ]x the verf'H
bell ^bwever bUmeable.)

Confider, that if Opium JimimPhd or Jif.

fhltd tht Spirjn, proponionsale to dx SUcpii'eJ} i

thx it caufes, as a hard J^i/t Labour does, thcni j

if opium vpere given a Man after a hard DiyV'^

[Labour, it would be, as it were, adding another ■

piard pa/i Labour to cure it, the Day^i Labunr 3

lod Opium impairing the Spsriti alike ; Thinftl

iphat'a milerable Conoition the poor M^n would j

' e in, efpecijiiy if Sleep did not make him (om'a M

mends, it would be iiich as were utterly intoU M

lerable i but fo far is OpiaM from any (iich EfeSf^ I

that it refreflies him tho he Sleeps not at all after 1

the hard Dj/j Lahar, and not only (b, bur will I

EWe hini ro Work all the following Night wicti *
ai ^Uai:y, if need requires it.

84 The Myfteries

What a Condition would thofe be in, who take A
Dracbm of it twice a day for 10, 10, or jo ycaW?
Nay, how could any polTibly doit for half i4
days, if a Grain or Two dcftroyed the Sfiriti
(o much, as to caufe Slufineft thereby, as kard
Lahitr does ? Wliich they inuft allow, that aflert
it caufes Sleep, by Jiminiprng^ er difabl'mg the
Spirits.

But fbme may iay, Ctho' very inconfidcratelyj
that it only Jijabltj them for the time of ire Ope^
ration ; That is ITrange, indeed, conlidering (haC
even during that time they are moftly enabled to
tVerk^ or Labeur^ tho' tircdbeforc I and that iti

2. Caufes Comfort, Refrcjiimcfit, Ovation of tht
Spirin, all the time of its Operation, as ffine mo-
derately taken does, elpecially if People keep
themfelves in AUion, Labour, &c. otherwifc, in-
deed, they may fa)I afleep upon the comfortable

faliifaUion, coraentation of Mind, and ecqttkjcence
of Spirit, that itoccafions, as /^'«does.

3. The firjt EffcH that we find oiOfium (whicll
may therefore probably be a very leaMng, fitnda-
menul, and ftgmficmt EffeSl) is, that h caufes a
mofl agreeable, fleafant, end cktrm'mg fenfatten
fibou: the Region of the Sumach j which if one Uet,
or ftri Jrilly inclines him to Sleep, if not, it makes
him poy, good Umaur'J, brave, &t. It is a Vita-
fun lo Tweet, and dclm^us^ that tho" ! cndeavour'd
to exprclf it by the Ova.ton of the Spirit! upon
joy, A good Gmm jnlorming a Man, or the Hel.
fn-irfiam Aycbem in his beft Humour^ or a continual
Vtmr^al Pltafurt, Wine Axzvikad HilaTtiatemy Cfc.
yet (i doubt) all my Ways of expreffing it do
eorm; (hort of the cbamivg Complacency that it
wufcs; Therefore if *>'wc, Mu/icL, a good Meal^
t^ntal'h Frkatiot of the Hc>id or Back, the/ounJ

d

^
I

of opium ReveaFJ. 6 5

«f ff^rec/, e^c. do incline us to Sleep by the P/m-
/»«^ thereof, which lulls and fooths us to i(, (as is
nod certain, if we fit, or /« ^iU ) much n)or«
tnoft the high Ci^rM/ of Ofiitm cjule it.

That it is a VUafurt that affefts by one of oiir
Senfet^ namely by Feeling, .is indirputafale ,■ for it
is not a PUafure of the Ey^ Nofe^ Tongue, or Ear,
and it rouft be fenficiw, becaufe cauftd by Mttter ;
and that Opium has (doubt)cfi) the like Efftd up-
on J'ww/, who have no other Pleafure, but what
is finjirive; That it is at StoTrmh k alfo (Wfw,
where we can be pleafed only by the Stnfe of Feel-
iffg ; That it is involuntary, and pleales us whe-
ther we will or no, and that the Cimo P;irciciei
excite F'encrj, hdin^, &c.

^ Nowallthe^wTfj (efpeciatly F«/fli^, and par-
ticularly lYi'it ax. Stomach) are given us for W^rcie/,
and Smtimlj, to difcover and give notice of
what is, or is not good and agreeable to our ^wi.
mat Nature ; That upon notice of what is good,
and agreeable, Pteafurej Cottfori^Sati^aOion^ ^e.
are conceived ; otherwife Difyleafure^ Dtfiomforr^
and Dijfat^aUion.

What Mmhipjei or Jifa^Ui our Spirits, does ui
the greateft Evil that can be, and confequcntly
Senfation would, according to its Opce, give ui
Kich notice thereof as would caufe Difpleafure, &c.
otherwife thefe Sentimls, that God and N.iiure
have appointed for fairhful Notice^ would (inttead
of trufty lervice, which is tlie £»^ they are mado
for) deceive us, and confcijhently do us mifchieG
rather than good ; which is very Prophane (if
not Blafpbtmaiii) to afiert, as being highly abufiva
of God's Goodneft and mfdom, to make Things
|q liittuTty that would not only not anlwer^ but
Q ; a4

$6 The Myfiems

, ad quite contrary to itieir Ends ; it follows thei
tli2t what caufes fuch a mighty agreeable, and
plealant Senfacion at Stomach, which is the great^ft,
and moft accurate Judge of what is» or is nor
agreeable to the Ammal^ cannot be deftroftivc,
or diiabliiig of its Spirits^ which are the moft ex-
eellenc. and ufeful Things, that belong therMo ;
Theiefore Opium, which fo mightily recomniends
it felf to. pleafes, and comforts the greateft JuJgt
th'it God has given to a TenTtble Creature to difcem
}vhat is good and evil for it, cannot dimimjh or Mf*
fikk our Spirils. ■

One may fay, (what I dare not) thai the $et^
fation ai Stomach may deceive us. %

We may deceive our (elves, and fay (o, when
that which pleafes the Stomach, does not pleafe
pur perverted Imagination, which ^akcs no Ar-
gument • let us therefore conlider Things where
there is no fuch vain Imagination to contradift ths
good Ends of Nature ; iithe Stomach and Senfes
in a Brute or meer Animal, which has no other
means to Judge of what is good or evil for it,
ihould not Judge aright, all the Animals in the
whole World would foon perifli. It is the vain
Opinion of Men that perfw.ides thani tint Things
are cold, when iff, &c. as in the Cafe of Ofiam, '
when the Senfes tiueJy intbrm that it is boi ; If
youil ftand to y«ur Imaginations^ and Suppofiiiotu^
(lor fuch all muft be without the h^ormatian of
Senfe) againft the ViQalss of Senfatiottf you liutft
inevitably err.

•

But one may by, Is the Senfe at St'mach fedi
V* ia&llibje Gmdt alw^iys :

i

o/ Opium RevearJ. 8 7

I believe it wjll be very hard to give many '"•
fitmcts to the contrary, and prove it well ; how-
ever* if we do, or may allow ibmething of tiiif
Ktnd to a perverted Sf«»«i at certain times, (to
avoid a fyuabhU about it) it is never to be allow'd.
That all the Stomncht in the whoU IVorU (hould be
pleaied with one and the fame Thing at all times,
and yet that this Thing fhould be lo highly perni-

Cious to the Animtl as to Jirrjinfi or Ji(iibU its Spi'

rittt Then, indeed, it would foilow, that the
tnoit exquidte Senfc at Stomjch^ to difcern what
is or is not agreeable to the Animdy were ablb-
lllfelf in vain, which no Man of Reafin, that haj
any Apprehenfion of the Wifdom of God and No.
tire, can alien.

3. Wlj^t is more notorious, than that ?kaff.K,
or being pleafed, raifo, and DifpUafure, or being
grieved, depreffes the Spirits ? Are not all People
pltafaitf gaj, md guad humoured, iriik, prompi^ (^c.
when pleaied i Do not Men Travel, or Labour
with more Eufe in PleafantCois^tfM/, ^c But of
Ehefe M.Hterf, and the Realbns thereof, more in
die following CAipten.

4, How can Ofium, that revives ?copU when
ihey are lb difpirited that tlicy are even almoft
dyitig, (as when Ojiium is wanted by fuch as ufe
CO take it in Deiiftiurrn and /igotiits from Pam,
eJ^r.) Jiminipj or difubk the Spirits ? It is plain
CentradiHien to fay that it fhould-

Next to Ofiitm^ nothing revives Pepple in fuch
Cafes better than /rjic, and thofe Things that
produce the fame, or like EtFefti, ha^e like iVrf-
»we; and who can (ay that IVim, that was^de
to glad the Heart of Man, dlmitujhii or dtfMei the
Spirits ? Or, that Qpititn, which produces all the
ff**S^'h> i^iivrningj and tve<firjjti»g Ejftih oi gf

G 4 JKtUltt.

88

The Myfteries

nercta Wtju^ (in a more eminent manner tliaif
Wine ^ and in (he locooih V&a oi in Quantitj,
and for a Un^gr timt than ^VJne caufes themj JWW
Jsmiitijh or diptblt the Spirits ?

For Iii^ance, Wlnt and Opium, in 9 due ifamtltfi
(but 0;>ww, in a far leG quantity, as was Jaja) caulq

a fkajiintf gaj^ and good Humour, Courage, Bravery^
Mjignanmity, Promptitude in Bujtnefiy ExpeJiletiefi
in Management, Serenity, Eupkry, or tafy udergoittg
of Lakur, Journey i^ Fatigues, S£.C. ^ffAtafccaway
Sadnefi, Gritf, Melancholy^ Fear, Depre^on ef Spi.
rits, &c. Both caule Promptitude to Vtntry (Sine
Cerere Sc Bacchij frigct Venus : ) So Wine and
Opium prevent and curt Cold, open the Poret, pro.
male Perfpiration and Sweat, efpecially thefoStwiifg
Mrnihgi, as Sir Theodore Mayern, tnyCelfy an4,
btkrs, have obftrv'd of Opium, and is notorioq^
*as (o H^tne. ' Both caufc Sleep, and taktaivaytb^
Stifj'e of Pain, and require a greater Dofe than ordU
nary in Proportion to the Pain ; Both take off" Shh/tr^
irtgifrom Fear, Cold, it ^gue Fits, and caufeMirtka
Ctmentatkn, and Act^mefcence^ Drinefi of theMotttb^
Thirjl, a Senje ef Heat 'iaithin us, a Dreaming Con*
dttion, fleafuHt Dreams, (if die Quantity of tfine
be not grievous by its f/Mf, i.oflf/» &c ) Ni^tmaf
PoUution^ and in fome Conflitutions hotb c^v^a
Vigilancy ; btit tVme and Opium caufc (hat more
rarely than Sleep : Both flop, and eaufe (^omittng
jf they ftay too long at Stomach ; Both moderate
Hunger, (Aifiiv 3*'f"^« ^u'ij and are good in A
eanine Appeijte ; Both C^ufe Smmming in tbj^

jlitJjScc So ■

10 Both in an ExetJJive poje.

Dp caple, at firfl, Mirth, and afccrward a kind
of l)runKcn Soper in fome, in oihers Fitry, or

i

I

o/ opium ReveaFJ. 8^

"Maintft^ SardonUk Laughicr^ and ^tight «r Sto-
mjcb, fomitingi^ Hlcceughs^ £''"' Heirt «t StctMocb,
Deiility, and laxity ef . all Parity Faitring of tbs
Tongue, Scetomiet ittid Darkntft ef the Eyei, Vtr,
fig^t, Laxity ef the Comra of the Eyt, Dilatatian cf
tht Fafilia, Dtadntft of the Eyet to the View^ Loft ef
MtmoTjj VtRereai Fi^y, a high Colour ^ prefuft Sn/eatt^
Purging fometimeiy Alienation »f the Mini^ Loft if
Memory ; and Ufily, grcacer or leffer Effcfts ac*
cording to the l>ofe, Conjiitiaiony Sic So

*i long and hvijh Ufe of kih,

Caules a JuB end maepi^ Diffofitim^ DroffUi^
FdU if Humours upon IVeaketid Part), a Slee^
piffofition^ fVmt ef Appetite, Weakntfi if Dige^ion^
^ptituiie to Scerilicy, and Abordeny tarly Dtcrtpite-
tiffiy Stooping in the Beckt Trembling tf^ the Handt^
W^ahttfi of Mtmory, Sbortmft of L^e, Df$culty
and Danger in fuddtnlj leaving them cjf. Restive
Jucb a$ fmkfor Want of cither, and fuftply the H^ant
^ each other.

\ Hoj« can any have the Face to lay, that a
■ Thing which agrees fo with generous mnt in Ef-
jcifls, can be a Diminijher or Difabler ef tht Sfi^
Till ? The MKchJeis of excefEve Dofo, and U-
yjlh Ufe of either, is no Argument agjinft their
inrpiriting Nature j if it were, then fVine is no
Cordial, iho* made to glad the Heart of Man, bc-
Canfe of its ill Effeas lavifhly ufed : Therefore
pone can argue from that, that Opium diminijbes
tr difMti the Spirits, any more than P^ine^ or
Jiread does, a Surfeit of which is moft dangerous.
Qmnir Repktio mala^Pdna vtro pejftma j & corruttio
eflimi ejt PtJJima : That is, AH Repletion «t bad,
bt*t tk'f <f Bread is tht uvr/j and tht Corruption
'cf tht hii H the worfi.

i ■■•-■■■ - The

5© The Myfteries

The jfcrt is this; W«< and O^um agree lo'^ .
riieir EfftSi^ living fuch as are Confequcnccs of
riieir d^tTtwt Jcndenu, as the Quantity of If^me
that mvfk be ufcd to canfe the fame EffeSli with
a little Opimt j and W^w having been fermented ;
and Ofium fas may be /hewn) having feme crittU
«nd o-z/eirf /tyf" in it, which ibmetimes fticl;s to
the Cruft* earnofA^Cc. of the Stomach ; whence
it happens, that W^ne loads one more, heats
more, and is more troublefbme upon thofe Ac^
eouTits, and that Opium offends the Stomzcb oftaer
even in a moderate Dole, caufing yom'n'mgs^ Hie.
ceu^bi, AnxieTits^ DiHreJfes at Stomach, Deli,
miuMi, dfc. bccaufe of the hdigefitbU Rpfht ftick-
mg to the (ides of the nioft lenllle Stomach, as
I Tball farther prove hereafter, (by God't Help)
Jhewing very cafie (Vays and Means to leparate
that Rojiit, and (6 make it as fafe, and lefi tnsublc-
fctne, as it is more effectual than l^ne.

Opium cannot diminifh or difahk the Spiritj, be^
eaufe (as has been proved) it fends no P*rt,
Fume^ or Effuvium to the Bra$n, or Animitl Spu.
ritij to caule fuch bad EfFe6ts while it is at Sta.
ttuch, yet does it produce them while it is there ;
for, as the yaporarians tbemfeWes (and indeed all
Men) allow, there can be no Dejiniliion witboue

Sati3oriui doth well and truely obferve,by the
Help of his Staticks, that nothing caules Uktral
Terjpiratuin, but it railes the Spirits j it is mod
certain, thaC nothing in Nature opens the Pores^
and caufes Pcrfpiration, more than Opirnn ; There-
fore nothing Ihould', according to his Obfervation^
elevate the Spirits more, and, indeed, nothing
does, as appears by all that has been laidj and will
yet more plainly appear.

Left

I

of opium ReveaN, 51

Left of Memory by Ofium (as (bme argae) is
not fo much a Lofs ol Spirits, as Lanity of ihc
Brain % for People in Drinit do not want Spirits,
but there is a great Relaxation of the Brmn^ and
its Membrane's, and of the whole Jtnut Ciervoftm,
which Rdaxation auiti a loft, loofe, and Ubils
Briiin^ that like Liquid Things retains no Impref-
Jfon i befides, that I (ha!! (GoS wiUing) (hew you
heieafter, that Impreffions cannot be fo well
ma<t« upon the fenpive Soul, by the Animal S«t
rits, upon Relaxations of the Scnfible Parts, asfl"
5/f<f , c^c. for a very plain Mechanical Reefm t
be fnewn in due time. .

Thus have 1, (by the A0ance of its ^i«y
who beft knows it) cleared Opium from the faljt
Afperjions of an extreme CoU Qvality^ and Parta-
tuk Fumtt, both which were commonly call'd
f rwwM/, fatel^ and by all the iU Njmrs ima^n-
able, but (as good Luck is) they abufed nothing ;
becaufe 'tis manileft, that there is no fiich Thing,
nor. has it any Quality by which it (/min.^w, or

► jifihlts the Sfirits, as is mott evident from the
TremifeSf ib that ai! that has been (aid of Opium,
by Way of Hypotk'fn^ to explain its Effeds, de-
pending upon its aiminijtiing or difablinj^ tbtSfirttt
■ hy a Cold Qitality, or Fumeiy is cOme CO nothing,
1 wi(h it had been asinooccDt,

CHAP.

The Myfteries

CHAP. XII.

SHaes whit /rniji be the true Caiije of the Ope^
ration of Opium.

AUL the gtntrai Foundations upon which ^u-
tboTi, cither Jincitnt or Madem^ erafted
thttr Teveral Hyfotbcfifes concerning thzOfnatian
tf Opium, having (as manifeflly appears) no real
Exifience ; What Enchanted Cablet in the Air, or
v»i» Phantafms, muft their Strudures be ? And,
how like deluded ffizz^rds mutt they appear,
vhile they feem*d to take higb Flights antJ^«r«
TroffeSs of Caufes that had no Reality ?

llius am I left *«erly diftitute of either Foair.
igtion or Medd, unle& 1 tind out thaty and frame
tbiii which (I hope) may be ealily done, be-
Ciule (the flouJy Sn^pofition of Vapours having Va-
nifiied away) there now remains but Two >X'ays
by which an Internal MedUammt can OperatC)
•viz.

I. Asm Mltrative of the Blood, Sec. Or,
a. ^s affecting the Senfe of Feelings either grit*
veufy, as Vomissj Furgers, &c. Or flt-'fi^glj, as
CorJieli, gentrous IVtnis^ titiUating Ampbrodijiacks^
itnfertahk Warmth, Anodynes, and fuch like, that
pleale the Nerves and Membranes j which way of
Operating is too little obferv'd by Phyjicians, thfl'
they take great Nocice of the Operation of Things
by gritrt/OHS Senfation^ as Irritatives to Vomit, Furge^
Sawvate, &c, by their Acrimony ; whereas th^
Tleafers of Senfetion, which muft, as Contrariety
haFc contrary . Operations, are little regarded, or
thouglu of.

I- Opimfl J

I

4

I

I

0/ Opium ReveaN. 9^

1. Opium Joti not Optrtte ss an AlteTOt'mt ef tk$

Pirfi, Becaufe it Operates while it is at Sttnunb^
or (ai leafi) before tc arrives at the BleuJ i wluch
tnarafeftly appears feveral Ways j as,

1. Becaufe it often Operates in a Lujuid Form
in few Mimitesj and very commonly in a Qutrttr
of an Hour, in which time it mix^oc M Siomad^
or, at leafl, far from arriving at the Blmd,

2. Becaufe it has been very often Vomited up
after it has Operated, and produced its tfud Ef.
ftift for I, z, 3, 4, f, 6, 8, lo, and Ibmetimes
more Hmn ; as evidently appeared by the SmeQ^
Cdour, Tafie^ &c. of what was Vomited \ and
by. its Operation ceafing after fuch yemilmg; of
which common Experience, and jiutbort, do inform
US : See Hdmont Jut Duumvir, 62. where he
cells of Opium Operating ac Night, and Vomited
up next Morning.

j. Its bare caufing Vomiting after it has Ope<
lated for a good while» is of itfelf (tho' its Tafie^
SmeS, &c. did not difcover it) an infallible Argu-
ment of its Operating, while it is at Stomach j
for 'tis againft all Reafon to imagine, that Things
ftould irritate it to Vomit after they are gone into
the Bkud^ and not do it while they are in tha
Stomncb it lelf, as all Vomitories do.

The Reafons why ic ftays fo long at Stomachy
are, 1. Its Indigejtlbknefs, which plainly appears
by Stools^ Vrint-, and Sweat, fmelling of it, when
taken in any confider^le Qjancity ; all the CoBi.
o»i, Dlgefiions, CircuUtions, ^c. that it palles in
the B«Jy, fignifying very little to it, which its
caudng Iichivgi in the Skin, and aiI$Aing the i^r-
fureal

ntreal Mtmbranct after its pafHng the Bloud, do
aHo argue. 2. The c)amminefs of its rcfinous
Parts flicking to the Stomach, caufe (as t (haU
plainly prove hereafter) its long (fay in it ■, for if
the Ro/in be feparate from it, 'twill notthenmakt
fuch a long (lay at Stomach, a& I have often Ex-
perienced.

4. We aAually feel it caufing a fenfe of PU*.
ftete at Stomach during its Operation, therefore
it is then in it.

f . It has been carried off by Stool after it has
produced its ufual EffeAs ; Therefore it Operated
before it arrived at the Blond.

<S. All Oblervcrs do allow, that O^'mm Ope-
rates wl::le it is at 5;cw<jc/j ; which gave the Oc-
cafion Cas you may remember) to the Hyfothefii
of its Operating by Fumts rifing out of the Sto-
mach ; becaufe they could not think of any other
Means by which it might affefl the //«</, Bfain,
Animd Spirits, Na-ves^ &c. while it was at Sto-
mtub, but by the Way of Fumet or Fapourj.

It' is therefore paft all doubt, Tliat Opium ^o-
^as ill common Effeifs inhile it a at Stomachy tm4
htfsre it arrtvei at the Blood, And therefore doet not
Operate m an Alterative thereof.

• Secondly, "Becsuie a Grain oi Opium, which Ope-
rates very remarkably, bears (as Etmaller well
obferves) To fmil! a Proportion to the Bloud,
that It cannot produce (uch, great, and notable
Efifls, as an Altertitive thereof; for a Grain of
Opium to 20 Pound of Blood, (which an ordi-
nary Man has in his Body) is but as 1 to 1 1 5100,
or (if 16 Ounces be allow'd to the Pound) aS
< to 1J5600. But it is no Wonder if a Grai^
ihould affea the Mzmlirane at Stoiiiach, fince the,
■■ 100*'

1

V of opium Rez/eal'ef. 95

looo part of a Grain of the yemitoTy TartkUi e£ ■
CrocMi MaaUemm, or Rtgulas of Antimony, doot I
a&bft it fo eminently, as many other Things wiK I
in a very Imall Quantity ; whereas the alieriof^ 1
of the Blood to any obfervable degne^ requirel J
the Ufe of Alteraimts in great Quamky for fev». •
ral ifeeki .- Which confirms the former Cgndo-
fion, That Opium ■/««< not Operate at 4Bt ,tiluratyoi,
as to its commoa and ufual £ficd&

11. Opium Joct not Operate hj gritVMtt Senfitui^
(OS Irritation) as Fomiis^ Vmrgtri, ErrbiiiUt Sati*
vatsrty (or Apophl^matizcrs) &ct do. i

Ftrjt, Becaule it manifellly caufes a very 4gr«C>l
able, plea&nt, and even charming &«ytfr;as. 'I

Secondly t Becaule it takes away grievoMs Settji^
tien or P""", thereby flopping yomiiing^ ^*^^'^k
and all other £Se^ of grieViMS Seafalion, by Atri^
maiy^&c. J]

As for the l^atmting that 0;>«(»ifometimes caufii^ ^
it is only (at {h,ill he jliftvnj by its Refinous Pans
flicking to the Coat of the Scom^ch, which being
feparatfid from ir, Opium has no fuch Efcil; tho'
all its good EffcUs remain. So its Purging (whicti
happens moft rarely, and only when a great
^mdty is given to Men of Jtrong Digeftion) it
b only from its RoHn digefled, and refblved in
flrong Stomach ; Hence it is that I>»gi, and fuch
as have canine Appetitei, do generally Purge after
a great Quantity of Cmde or ^Jmous Opium ;
whereas fuch as is not Rffitmi caufes no liichEjf/ff.
But of thefe Matters more to your Sacisia^iaD
bereafter.

I Thirdly, BecauTo it caufes all Efl^s that 'ar«
guicc contrary to ihofe of grieveui Stnfatkn ,- U
caufing

$6 The Myfteriei

caufing an Ovation of the S:nntive Soul and Sp!-
rits i Pain (or grievous Seii&tion) a Defrejfum of
Spiutt J It caufing Ettpbory and P<«», l-fearinefi J
For what tires more than Poin, or labouring in
FatM ? It caufing goo/t HuimuTy Pain Peevtjhaefi,
Fretfulncfi, and « Hiimaur • Opium cauUng Relaxa-
tion oF all PartS] Foin Comra^ion ) TWcauling
free Perfftration, ihit checking it ; Hat caufing
Sleep, thit hindering it j That caufing Conien-
tatlon Acquidcence, tha Difcontent and Uneali-
nefsj That compofing, thit ditcompoflng the Spi.
riti, Bloudy 6CC> That caufing Flnxei by Initati-
«», Sec. thit moderating, or flopping them ; That
opening the Pores, Pain conftringing them ;
Opium prev^enting the Shaking Fits in ^gutt^ Pain
brining them on ; 7hat cauHng a large and flow
PuIkj thit a quick, hard, and narrow Pul^j
That caufing an Effiorefance of the Skin, thtt Pale-
ittft } 7i#r pleafant, tb$t unpleafant Dreams ;
Tiat flills Hiccoughs, tiuu cauTes them; That
takes off CoBlraffionj, Cenvulffonsy &C. thit caules
them. To be Hiort, Opium caules all the Effeds
offUafam Senjaiiett^ and takes off all the EffeiftE
of gritveui Senpitien. What can be a more cvi-
dent Proof ot its a^ng by caufing a pleafant
Senfatian ? It were endlels to mention all the '
Trecfi that may be made to the (amc Purpofe,
from Pltaftrt and Dif^leeftrs of SenfatUn. ^^

Therefore we fairly conclude, ^H

Tiat Opium </«( net Operate hy caufng a grievout'
Saifationy and there bdng no other Way left by
Which it may Operate,

It mufi Optrate by caitjing a pleafant Seufaiien j

which is the true and plain Reafin why (tis has

been fiiewn) it takes off Pain, and caufes alt

Effefts quite contrary to that of grievous Senfatietf^

Inita*.

tf opium Heveafe/. p7 .

trritwioils by Acrimony, &c. which flre mnit
eminent iiptm (!:c moft Icnrible Parts, as the Sta.
Maeh, Intf^inri, Venirtai AJtmbranes, Slun, &;c, as

you may obfefve where the EfFefls of 0//«waie
enumeraced.

Now (gmiU Rea/ier) confider, That Cmtrjrifs
are (he true Cure of CoairarUt : What can then
cure P2iii, and all its Eflcfls, better than FUfifurt ?
*Tis very ftrange then, that flii'Jhm for many
Ages finding Opium cure, or taSeoff P«ff, and
all its EfFeSs, above all Things, fliould not attrt.
bute hs (b doing to its CAtifmg a pkufunt Senfatisn^ '
Which is the dircdt contrary to pj«w, cfpedAily
fm« every Mart that took OpiuM felt an ullud
VleafuTt upon taking thereof) ykafant Dreamt, »
flatfimf Humour J &c.

It may be fiid, What if it be granted, that C
pium Operate's by a flffi^g Senjatitn, (which I
will Thank none for, that have fVe/iw^ at Sfomacb, .
or Reafoit at Srdin) how is it poflible that fucK
fleafmt Smfmun (hould caufe and explicate all
the ««•»«/, /r^twe, TDonderful, myfitr'fUi, and -ery
often fetmifigly eoniradi&erj Phtni/intnu'i jind Effeils
of Opimi ?

AafvcT. As eafiiv as ever I eTplain^^ any
Thing in Nature, eipecially if my Tmttoi Am-
wai Mecbanifm were publifhed; bii; it is my Mf-
fortune that it is not, however it Ihal! not be the
Rtaders, tho' it will put rlie to a great TrvwU ;
To evade which, is none of my Uumiim, by tbi.ji
Wur^tj but rather to bdpcak the Rcadir'i Putitfue
while 1 -am premifing fome necelVary Praa-gnita
rcquifittt to be known belbre I enter upon the
Explication of the wond^riiil and fecmlngly iiKX-
plicafale FfiHi of 0;inm.

^p8 TheMyfteries

I therefore defire the Reader^s Leave to prem^e^
(bme Things of the Nature of Senfation^ and
fenfitive Vkafure, in order to his more. clear and
ready Underftanding my Explication of this Mj^
fierious and Mqtnentous Matter^ looked upon as
fo'dark and abftrufe a Bufinefs to this day, that
fome have not only yielded it up as a Thing
hidden from Mankind, but have earneftly and
ferioufly argued, that it aded abiblutely by an
occult Quality^ refer vcd in a Ipecial manner (as b
the Nature of Spirks> from our Knowledge,

That it has l^een fo hitherto, I think none
can deny y as the Circulation of the I^ui was
for Thoufands of y^ars^ tho' the verj Motion was
feen by Millions ; fo as the Caufe of the OperstioH
of Opium has been felt by a far greater number.
It therefore will (if I fail not in explaining it}
appear fo clear, that it will be much wondered
at (like that of the Circulation of the BloudJ why
fo obvious a Thing was not found by every one
chat ukd Opium. But (whatever 0/i««i is) GodV
Methods are unfearchable, and often bis Wife
Providence bellows good Gifts upon the Un-
worthy, that his free Goodnefs may appear j Ta
whom be all Glory^ Vraife^ and Tbankjgiving for
ever and ever. ^men.

^ NotCj That while I am upon the Preparatory

Bifcourfe shout Senfatisn^ Vleafurey&c. in the fol-
lowing Chapters J you may fometimes wonder
what I would be at, becaufe you may not per*
ceive the Dr^, yet do they require your -^/fe»-
tion as being the Foundation of all that is to follow ^
which you'll plainly perceive afterward, when ( l
hope) . Jou'H have good Satisfa£Hon for your pJh
tient and attentive - Perufal of th^ Two following
Chapters,

CHAR

of Opium KeveatJ. p^

CHAP XIII.

XJfthe Oeconomy ofSenfation^ a(fur(atleajl)
as it concerns onr prejent Purpofe.

WHEN I h^d written this TraSf thus fir,
I judged it beft, firft, to publilh that of
Animal Mechanifm^ becdule it contained thoib
Trbfcifles that Would explain the Matter of Ooiam ;
fberefore laying this afida, I applied mv telf to
ihat : But a New Art^ rightly to Sfell;^ IVrite^ and
SvHtten all Languages^ (that I fince call'd Phono-
^^fhy) coming into my Mind, and thinking it
might be very ufeful, and likely to He for ever in
Darknefs, (as it had always been) \inlc(s I under-
took the Drudgery^ I fet my lilf to it ; which xx-
king up more lime than 1 imagined, has to this
40f hindred the finilhing of that TraSI: of Animil
Mecbanifm^ which I now much want, (z% was in-
timated:) Therefore becaufe I refblvM to publilh
this, (that Was fo long fince promifed) I am' now
forced, for want of that Book , to premifc here
finne Things, concerning t\\tO:conGmy oi ScTifa-
tiah^ and t\\t' Nature of [tnliiive Pliafure^ in order
to explicate the Effeas of Opium, which might
have been fj3ared5 if^hat oi Animal Mecbamjm
had been publifhed^

Confidering that Oplt^m muft fas was fhewn )
operate by plea.lng the Senfe of Fcdhg^ it will be
requifite to confider^

1. The Oeconomy ^f Sen fat m^ as far as it cozcirns
the prefent Purpofiy for which this Chapter is de-

II 2 l.Tbe

I QO The Myfteries

2. The Nature offenfuivt Pkafurey and its 'Effk^s
upon the fenfitivt Soul and Body^ which is to be tbcT

Subject of the following Chapter^

Five Things' mainly concern tlie Oecommj bf
Senfation : i. The ObjeSf. 2. The external Me^
divm. 5. Th.e Organs of Senfation. 4, The AnU
mal Spirit Sy (or internal Medium,) y. The fenfitiv9
Soul.

1. The OhjeEl is the 'thing perceived by any of the
Senfes % as, Light by the Eye j Sound for tremuUmt
Motion of the Air) by the Ear j Odour by the
Nofe ; Tajfes by the Tongue ; 0|pMf;» by the Fed*
ing, or (as Helwont calls kj the G^/jnt for Ta^e)
at Stomach.

2. The External Medium of Senfation tsthatwhidh
receives ImfreJJions from the ObjeBy and conveys them
to the Organs of Senfation. Thus the Air comrejrs
Sound (or tremulous Motion) to the Ear ^ Light fo
the Eye^ and OJpiir to the Nofe.

3. The O^^f are the Parts of the Body that G&J
hasfranid to receive thofe Impreffions^ and comnrnnim

^ate them to the Animal Spirits^ (or Internal Aft-
dium,) Thus the Eye is the Organ to receive the
Impreflton of Lights the Ear tliat of Sound^ &c^
And the Membranes in all Parts of the Body are
the Organs that receive ImpreJ/lons from ObjeSs in
the caib of F^e//>jr , which is oui: main Cott^
cern.

4. The Internal Medium is the Animal Sfkiis
thatyeceive the Impreffions from the Organs^ and cm^
vey them to the Senjitiht, Soul^

5: The Senfitive Scul^ ovhicb perceives thofe Im*
prepons conveyed to Bitii by the Animal Spirits j which
Perception is Senfation.

ma

o] Opium' ReveaFd. i o i

1 The Part, Office^ or Bsffimf, of the OqjeB^ in
the Mdtt^ (f Stnjation^ is to make a fufficicvt itrpref.
fim either tipon the External Medium^ (or Air) ^s in
the ca(e of Hearings &c. or iwmeiiattlj upon the
Orgafi^ (or Membrane) as in Feelings &c. There-
fore if there be no Imprefjion of Light ^ Sound ^ (or
tremulous Aiotipn ) Odour s^ Reli^nng^T articles^ C^c.
there can b? no Perception ; or u the hprejfijtns
thereofbe weak and faint, the Perception^ or Sen-
fatm^ wft be accordingly ; or if k be fo incon-
fiderable , that it cannot at all affed the fer'fi.
true Soul ^ then is there no Perception thereof,

I. Senfitlve Perception is not irjfnite^ beC2ufe chcro
are Degrees of Light^ Scund,^ c^c that cannot be
perceived, tho' they muft be very (mall, and in-
confider^ble : Thus the Light of a Candle at lo

treat a difiance that it can hardly be perceiv^dy is
)ine Degree of Light ^ and makes ics ReflccTtion
proportionably from a ff^allj.Trce^ &c. yet cannot
that rcfleded Light from the IVall^ or Trce^ be
perceived \ fo the finallefl Things cannot be per-
ceived. Yet GOD has in His IVifJom and Good.
neJS fo ordered ir, that,

Z. Senfuive Perception is of excejpvely fmaRThings :

Thus the Sottnd of a Pin's Head, falling into a Brals

Caldron^ -is heard at fome diftance ; the hundreth

part of a Grain of very hot and biting Things,

. ^re (enfibly tailed ; the thoufandth part of a Grain

, €£ Ambergrife^ Ahrsk^ &c. very fenfiblyfineltj the

. I^ight of an exceeding fmall Spark, ftruck out

. i)ctwcen Steel and Flinty is perceived at a great

^ftance : And Light in general confids of fuch

icnuious Particles, f if material j that none ever

. could take any ^ftimate of their Bulk. Soothe

Jetting at Stomach takes very cmipent and remark-

H 3 able

1 !> The Myfteries

able notice of (as was faid j the Vomitcry VmicUi
oi Crocus Metalloruw^ or Regulus of Antimony^ which
are fo finally that a thoufand Vomits thereof dcJfes
not lenfibly diminifh the Crocus^ tor Ii:gulusy either*
in vmzht or bulk. Therefore it is no Wonder if
a Grain of Opium fhould affeA the Falivg fo leq-
fibiy as it docs, efpecially at Stomachy tho* itcati-
not make any confiderablc Aher^itm of thfc

3^ That 'whatever fiffeEls^ or makes, imttj^on^ up^
en the Organs cf Senjation^ is in the [am momtm
prceivedby thefivjitive Soul: So that it is noWoh-
der, that a Gr^/« of 0/?i«w operates in (b fhofta
time^ that is , as fodn as a TtnBure thereof inft»
niiates it felf through the Crufta Carnofa to the
ferjile Coat of the Stomach j whereas it muft take
a very long time, if it operated as an Alterative bf
the Bloud. .• '•

Now Note, 1 ^ That there is no w^i for any
thing to operate upon tht fvjitive Soul , m' §3i
fmall a Quanty, as Opium operates, or in fo fhorC
fi Tia^e, as by affeding the moft exquificely diC
poled Membrane ^t Stomach, 2. That the fpeedy •
^^7 that God has contrived for our Rifrefnnent^

Comfort,, raifing of our depreffad Sprits upon any
ludden Qccafion^ ^s in Delicjuiums^ Paintings^ Syn*
copes, Leipotbymies, (^c, is by the Scnfas j efpecj-^
aiiy that moft exquifite Senfation at Stomachy be-
Caufe Refrefliment by Nourifhment and Alteration^
cannot be perform d but in a long time, where-
v\ we might in many Cafes perifh before we could
be relieved thereby : Thus a pleafing, and there^
fore cofnfortable Odour ^ excites the Spirits in a
moment ; the fight of a beloved Miftrefi, or dear
Friend , raifes us immediately ^ when we are
moft caft down ; as does alfo fweet Melody^ and
?P aggreeable or pleaiant Senfation at Stomachy a$

....■■• • . ... of

of Opium ReveaPd. 103

tof IVme^ Corttiali, ht Spirin, &c. I hope nono
will fay. That Mufick, the fight of a Bag of Mo-
ney, &c. fend Effluvia) for that e:id, yet are
great Comforters.
II. The Tm, O^ce, or Buft»(f, of tie External
Mti'mm^ in the Oecommy ef Scnfaiiun, being to re.
ceive and coifutj ImpriJJioni, as ScHnd (or tremulcus
Motioii) from a Bill to the E/ir, O-c. it muft be
duly qualified for thatpurpofc.

It is true, that we are not concerned as to this
external Medium (or Air) in our Cjle, becaufe'
Ofium affetSs only our Fielin^ iniernilly, and ink.
faediately at Stemacby where it touches the very
Orga)t^(pT Mcmh>iic :') However, bccaufe this
External Medium (or ^;>) is to receive and con-
'iVey Imprefijfis after the (anie manner, from the
Ojj'e^ to the Orgav, as the Inttrnd Aiedium (ox
^^^tiimjl Spirits) ia to receive them from the Or-
.^"Bj, and convey them to the fa-.fsnm Sml, and
.therefore bear ex3<5t Analagy to each otlier ; and
,becaufe the External Mediitnt (or Air') js more
(rfjvious than the In'.ernal, ( or minimal Spirits )
I think it very convenient to confider its Di^rjs.
tiani and Rtf!iif:es, as a Medstim, that we may
the more clearly perceive thofc of the Ammal Spi.
^ir», as ftch.

^^ I. It is^-efttt/tte thst the Air, la a Medium, (h-
■,sngafimd Body) pnuld be jpringy, (or eUliick) bs-
*~iu(e nothing but what is (b is capable oftremuUiiJ ,

btionj (which is material Sound) nor of Cemprtjl
Jtoa, without which, a lode, tenuious, yielding
Fluid, as the Air is, cannot be fit to convey Im-
frefflons' for the mocc fil'.d any thing is, the fit-
Mr it is for that endj therefore Comprelpm mufl
render it firm, tight, and ckfe, that one Part may
'fcrisldy communicate its Motion^ or Jmprejfmy to
H 4 the

104 T^ Myfteries

the next to it, aipd that to the next to it, and fo
liidefinitely ; yet can it never arrive at the Pcr-
kBim of a Solid in carrying oilmpulfes : Henco
it is that Sound dtcays by degrees. However, ithjs
many great Jdvantagu over ^ Solid, as ^ Medium
for the purpofe of 5e»/ir/o»^

F/V/?, Becaule it receives If^freJJions better.
S^cijndly^ Becaufe a Solid having 'weight , cotdd
not be lb eafily moved^ in order to copvey tho

Thirdly^ Becaufc there would be no living oif
being in a Solid, as there is in the-^/V.
•'^ Fourthly^ Becaufe if moved, &c. it would ddil
very rudely, grate and tear the very Organs, and
not gently touch them, as the yielding Mr does \
befides many other Inconveniencies, which to
mention, is to litde or no purpofe* So beii:g

fiiud, tenuious, yielding^ &C.

2f Ih,is (*as was intimated) rcjuifie, that itfiouli
he ccmprejfed, for rhe better conveyance of Im^rep
fism, the rpore the better ; for then (like a Gid
blown very tightly) a (mall Impre0Gn cannot bq
made upon one part thereof, bur it is communi-
cated a good ^aj[ to other Parts: But if not com-
preiTed, you may coqipar^ it to a Gut half full of
-W/V, or a loofe foft Lock of Woolly that yields, and
will nqt convey ImpreJJlons at all, or very faindy f
whereas if the u4$r be tighriy eomprepd in a Gut^
rf^^. you cannot make a little ImpreJJion (or Den^
therebyj at one f»^of it , but the whole contained
Air^ having lefs room by (b much, becomes mdrj^
coniprefled, and conlequently thrqfh fo much th^
harder againft all theyWe/, and the farther^nd thtt-eu "
of^efpecially if the Gut has no vent^ or that it b<^ no(
too wide; for,in the/r/ C^ye, the -rfir, that /houlct
be Kept in for the communication of th? ifffpefffm^

having

I

of Opium Retteatd. 105

having Liberty at the Vent^ takes its eoarfc that
way, and 16 dUappoinis the continuation of the ',
Imjiulfe, (or Imprf$o») either wholly, or in great '
meafure; In he fecond Cafe, th« Imfulfe bearing
but a Imall Proprirtien to the whole, and atfo de-
caying in Propcrtson to the Liberty it has to widen,
becomes much more infenfible, or le£ remark-
able.

TTiUs if you make a Dent, or Imprf£tm^ of the
bignefs of half a fmall Pcd, at one end of a Gut fit
filled with Jir, that is of the bignefi of one'i
Thigh, and two Yards long, it will bear a very .
Iraall PrapcTtion to the whole, and confequeniLy
very infenfibly affcftit; for 'tis like a Drop (u
the Saying isj added to an Ocean ; but if an Im- '
frt(Jion (or Dt?tt) of that hlgne^ be made upon s ,
Gut no bigger than a Pea in aiameter, the Tbrufi^
or Jmprtjfion, will be very confiderable at the othcf '
e»J, for the Reafons aforcfaid. So that you plain,
ly feCj ( . That the more Mr is comprcfled, the
better ir conveys Imprfjjiom -. Hence it is that w«
bear Sounds better^ and farther, when the Air 'n ^
mod compreffed, and the Qukli^hiT high intb«

Barometer, (or J-i'eaiber-glJ^ ) and Upoft low
Grounds, tho' flat, and without any hoBoumef^
thaa on the tops of high Hills that are flat alfo j
becaule the Prejfure of the Air is lels on high Hills.
1 mention the Flamef in both Cafes, left any '
fliould attribute it wholly to the more free Ex- -

fafifin of the tremuleus Motion on the tops of Hlllj^
which indeed is a Reafon where ihc FUtnc^ is not
alike, as far as the Sound goes. 2. That the nar*
rower thp Gi/f, Duit, or Pipe., the Air is in, the
(barter and more fenfible will be the ImpreJ^m m
the farther enJ thereof, which may be confirmed
and illuflrated by many Dernnjh-aifns^ Injtmtet,
and Experiments.

Bout

lotf The Myfteries

Hence ii w, 7%a[ if one Tpeaksat one end of t
Pipe, that is but an Inch in ^iameitr, you'll hear
it mucli better at the other end than in a cUfi
Gallery of ihe fame length, the' this will advan-
tage it much more than the open ^ir : That if one
Jpeaks ever fo (lowly at one md of a long Piece of
Timber, it is raanifcftly and diftinAly heard at the
other end , through the narrow Ve0s, and be-
tween the Fibres of the iVood : That all Sounds are
Jharper in narrow Pipes, €rc. How eafie is it then
to contrive invifible l-f^iJperini.PLcej^ which the
World (b much admire, and Tome Relighm make
fuch greattJ/eofto deceive the People oy preten-
ded Divine and Oracular Rt^onfei, of which die
Reader may hereafter be aware.

It is for like ReaJbnsthat G«K/,Bf//j,c>c. arebetter
and farther heard along hollow ValUyiy than upon
Plains; ihnSoundi are heard fb well the ways tliac
^vers run ; for it is a ijulgar Error that the tVacerdo^
advantage the Sound upon Rivers ; if it did, you'd
hear farther at 5m than upon i^W^ which is fo
falle, that the quite contrary is true. Sounds being
inuch farther heard by Land chan at Sea. h is 4
common Obiervation in Sea-Fights^ that the Sound
is heard at a much greater diftance upon the Land
than at Sea.

There is indeed another Ailvunt^gt in Vajkp,
(and therefore upon Rivers) viz,, the feveral^a-
•verberationSj or Eccbo's, from the Hills and high
Bankiy Rocks^ &c. on the Jides thereof ; but this
not much concerning ourPurpofc, I mult (for the
prefent) pals them and leveral Obfervations upon
Sounds.

For the afbrefaid, and other ends., it is notorious
(hatthe-^;r is^nsg;;, and always under the ««•-
trejjion of the Atmof^kere, or clfc it would be of
btcte ufe as a Medium.

J

of O^ium ReveaP J. 107

1 know but one thing more to our Purpofe that
is worth the mentioning, in reference to the ^«^
lo^ between the Jir and Animal Spirits^ as Me-
dtumsafSenfation^'vix,,

^.It is requifite^or convenient at Uaft^ that the Air
have an homogeneous Continuity^ which nKich more
advances it in conveying Jmfulfes^ (ox Impreffions)
than when it is difcontinued, divided^ or fevcrM,
by other heterogeneous Particles , efpecially if thefe
be in niotion between the Parts of the -/iir; for then
they very much difeppoint and difgregate the
ImpreJJims made thereon. -

Therefore it is, that we hear fb much better after
Smfet^ or in the Nigbtsj elpecially the ^Si^ww^r-
tbne^ than in the Day^ when the Particles of Heat^
and other? thereby raifed, do too much divide,
difcontinue , and difgregate the ImfreJJions , and
the Parts of the Air : Where you may ohferve
how Good and Wife Providence orders Hearing to
be more ufeful in the Night, when Seeing tails.
It is a vulgar Errour, I'tho' little thought fo to bej
Tliat the Caufeofthe Difference of hearing Sounds
bffore and after Sun-fet^ is the Noife that is made in
J:he Day-time^ and the Silence of the Evenings and
IJights J which one fingle Inftariceftho' thoufends
may be givenj will fully demonftrate, vk,.

In the Famous and WeH- governed Univerjuy
and City of Oxford^ there is fcarce any Noije made
at the Times oi Divine Service On the Lord^s Day^
all People being either filent at Church, or /hut
up qiiiedy and filently in their re^eAive' Ht^ufes
or Colleges, ( the Heat of the Days in Summer-
time, but moftly the good Order of the PJace,
Caufingit: ) But s&tv Sun-fet , moft People are
out, walking and difcourfing, or talking at
thei]r Dmiy -Arbour s.^ or Gardens -, and aU Cbil.
: ^ dren

d8

The Myjieries

dren fthat noifie Part of Mankind^ are now per.
mitted to go out, who ai£t their Parts in Piapng,
Rimiingj Calling, Yawling, and Crying eut one lo
another \ infomuch tliat (all things confider'd) I
cannot imagine but there muft be in general aa
hundred times more Noirs made then, than in the
the time oT Divine StrvUe in the Heat of the Day^
yet may you, notwithftanding al! the Naifg^ hear^
in the Txfi/i^^Ar, any thing twice as far as in the
lime of Divme Service in the Heal of the Da^, (I
believe 1 might have laid four or fix times as far.)
The fame may be obferv'd in any Town or City
that is kept in good Order at the time of Divine
Servite , or in Campi^ fiic. upon leveral Oc-
cafions.

It is not only cotifonant to Realbn that the
.Air Ihould be fo difcontinued by the Particles of
Wat, &-e. but envious to the Sight that it is fo ;
for in a great Heat, the Summer-time,and cleareft
D«7, you may fee the very Air in a wavering
tremulous Motion, which could not be feen of
it ftlf, without the mixture of other Varu j for
diigregation of Parts, ('as you fee even in pel-
lucid homogeneous Things powder*d) cau^s
Opacity.

III. Vie Bufinep^ or Office, of the Organs cf Sem"
fiction, in the Oecommy ibireef, being to receive and
communicate the ImfreJJians to the Animal Spirits witb
itUthefmsrtneftheycan^ it is manifefti that in the
Membranei, for OrgoKi) Tenfion u their main Rojui-
jfee. Hence it is that when the Tymfan of the E,ar
is tenfe, the Cerma, and other Tunicles of the
Eye fufficiently fo, we bear and fee acutely and
accurately; lo (hatendCtx/has giren us a Power
to render the Tympan moretenfe when weliOen;
to contratft the Pupilla of the Eye when we look
very intently, C^.f. And we &e, that when th^
Csmta

of opium RevcaPd. lo^

Cw-wM is reUxedj fas it is always when the Eye
looks deadifli, as in Slttf , DnmkemeJIj famtii^
Fit!, &c.) yet then we cither not feet at all, or
mud» worfe ; So it is when the Tympan is related
We alto always put the Tongue in a tmfe condi-
rion, when we would taftc a Thing cxatftty. So
wiien any Part is relaxed by Warmth, &e. we do
not feel fo well and nicely, as when the Part it
cold, or more tenfe, or rigid •, nor in Sleef, as
when aweki, becaufe all Parts are relaxed in SUef^
and contrafted when we are awake, wliich ma-
nifcfUy appears,

1. Becaufe we perfpirelelswhen we are awake,
than when adeep , which happens becaule the
Pores are clofed by the ContraHion^ or CanJlrOfion,
when we are awake, and opened, or toolened,
by Rtlaxation when alleep. In all Rehxjiions^ as
that which happens by PUafwe^ Warmth, Leipa.
tbymlti, SUef,0-c. we perfpire mare., and tef in
Contradiftionsj by CbU^ Fear , Gr;>/, Fdn, or
tay frievom Smfation^ orTajJian.

2. Becaufe all Parts are firmer when we are
■ awake, and more ioofe and flaccid when we aio

afleep ; none can doubt but Firmncfi is from Ten. ,
jSw, or ContraSion : But in this matter you may
expert farther SaiafaOion by and by.

O^;'. Some may needledy fay. How canae Tfw-
Jm and Cowrathon to be Concomicanrs, or Ejf'c^i
One of the orher, feeing we make Things more ,
'*»/«, as a Drum's Head, Cfc, by Extevfiotiy not 1
^omTeQlon ?

yinfiv. 1 puipofely ftarced this OhjtShn to clear
*lieCa/>. Thereibre, i. Obferve, That Violin. ,
■•S;rjB£f will grow lo tenfe (as will any thing elfe

E'tture) by Contrailion in moift Wearfrer,
that

no The Myfteri'es

that tears them to pieces Ibmecimes upon that
account^ and always puts them upon .a greater
flrefi ; for when a thing is fixed at both ends^ it .
is the lame thing to fhorten^ or contra<9r, tHe
String, to render it tenfe^ as to take (bmething
from its length between tho(e two fix'd Points ;
both the Contraction and the Winding do only take
fbmething of the Length aveay^ that is between
thole two Points^ where the Ends are faftned ;
which caufes a great ftrefs of the Ihortned Strings
to reach thole two Points that it is faftned to : As^
fuppole you have a String of 1 1 Inches long, faft-
ned at both ends at the diftance of lo Inches^ it
will be very loole ; then fhorten it one Inch, by
winding up io much, or by Ibme means contra^
the String to lo Inches, or any way ffaorteiiit
*an lncb'\ then it will juft reach the Points, and be
tenle, if faftned at them. So there is ContraBion
noceflarily caufing Jenfm , which was to be de-
monfirated*

It will be the lame in effed^if a String put round
any thing is fhortned by Moiflure, or otherv/ife^
it muft grow more tenle ; and fo muft 5-00 String^i
if lb fhortned, or an entire Membrane that^covers
or includes the whole. Thus Membranes (as a
Gut contraded upon included Airj muft, vc^hen
they contraft, grow more tenle upon the inciii-
ded Animal Sprits in the Nerves^ or otherwile ;
for it is the lame as forcing much Air into a nar-
row, or contraded Gut, or Bladder, which muft
make them tenfe^ while the elaflick Body muft'
thruft out the harder, the m9re it is compreffed.
And that the Membranes, and all lenfile Parts^
are more contraded when we are awake, doth
farther moft plainly appear : Becau(e>

^ThGI

The

c/ Opium ReveatJ.

Cornea

III

jE/M fwhich is a vifible

1

[ and certain fign of the Relaxation of all thcfenfiU
Parti of the BaJjf) is relaxed in Sleep, as any one
may fee ; for that is the caufe of the deadoefs of
the Eye in Sleep, which upon awaking is imme-
diately gone, by the Cornea contrafting into a
tenfe condition upon its Contems, by which means
it becomes unfe, retund, hard, fmooth, ^*"'»g, and
refletfts a brisk Speck of Light, fas round Things
do) which makes it look lively ■, whereas when
'tis lax, as in Sleep, S^ncspes, Paintings, &c. it is
uneven, (oft, and' refieds an uneven , dull, inde-
finite light , all which cades the deadnels of
Looks. Therefore (as was intimated) there is
no better fign of Reiaxatio^i than deadilh Looks.

4. TheFupilla ("which isanotherfignofJ?e^A:-»-
lion) is relaxed, or dilated, in Sleep, and contra-
«aed when we arc awake.

f . All Motions of the Body are better perform- -
cd when we are awake j which argues the grea-
ter KtmtTaSion of PaitS i for Relaxation { as in
Sleep, Deliquiumi, DrunkenTjfJS, 0-c. ) Weakens all
Motion,

d. That Efjlorefctnce o? ths Skin which People
have* when afieep, (which is caulcd by the Re-
laxation of the Skin admitting the Bloud mor«J
into icj as Palenejl is by the Contrailion of thej
Skin in Cold, Ftar, 0-c. repelling the Boud^ <K^il
appears upon awaking, by reafon that the 'vigilorm
ri-i/e Contraciwn (fo I call it) does fend t!ie Blou^fl
Out of the Skin by fqueezing it back, or lepellin

t«. ._

I 7. Meafure the Body ingenioufly and accurate^!

r Jy, and you'ii find it contraAed and narower,*^
after «u'<ii»f, than.in5/«;'.

8. Hence it is that you find, when the Body is
pietty full of Moijlure, and the Weathec hot, a
fudden S^mca: upon awaking ; becaufe the whole
Body

iii The Myfteries

Body contraAing, does , like the contortion of
Wet Linnen, came an exudation of its Moijlurg^ by
a mecbmieal txfrcjfitn, »r ffittex,ing.

9, Hence alfo it is that we are fubje^ to take
Cold^ even in a warm R»«w, if we watch long ;
becaufe the ^orei being clofcd by that -vi^tatrvt
CmtraBion, hinder Per^irarim (DO long, and too
much : Therefore it is that all CoUj are worfe to-
Wards the E'vmi!tgs^ becaufe that ContraSicn cioftj

■ the Pores all d.ij ; and not only Colds, bur many
other Difiemferi^ efpccially liich as Ver^immn is
got)d for J as indeed it h for molt Difeafis^ as be-
mg the moft naturd- and eoft^derAbU Evaeuatkn :
Mo^ natural^ becaufe it requires no voluntary Mo-
rion, or Irritation of the fenfile Parts, as fhw of
5»ffe, Urme^ &c. which either require the Wj?,
Or Irrstatioit by Qiiatrtity or Quality, or both^ or aH
tlree; h\xl Vtrjpiration ("like Fwrne; in a Chimney)
requires only that hs little Fumcli ["the Porn) (hould
be open, becaufe our Fumei pafi (as the other do^
by their own natural Levity : And it is wf/ co>r.
fiderahk^ becaufe univerfa!, and that much more is
evacuated that way^ than by all Mtatss and tVays

- whatfcever.

Htnce it is that all Membranes gaining a Tenfton
by the vigilative CavtraCt'ton in manner afbreiaid^
are more rightly difpofed to receive and comnw-
nicate finart ImpreJJionf to the Animal Sfhrits^

, While we are awake, which was the Thing aim'd
at , and will be much more illuftrated oy the
Cooperation of the Animal Spirits, and the Senjitnv
Soul,

Nore^ That the Mimhranes, Vefels, and RodA-
of the Animal Sfirits J being much narrowed and]
compreited by this vigilative CovsuSiots , Two \
other main Reiuifms fer cxaiS ScnJ'atian do of q
courft^j

cfOpiamReneai

fj.

»i3

toRrle follow, (To confenraneoufly do the Works
ofGpJconfpire to their EnJs) viz..

J*'"/, That an Jmpnjfion made upon the Am, '
tnal Sptriti in Pipes (b narrowed, is better, mors
exaftly and fmarcly convey'd to the frn/itive S«iJ, '
as has been Ihewn, by the Analogy of ihe Exieriwi :
Allium mjltndcr Pipes,

Jt.is tiyfuch narrowing of the Nerves^ ^'P"t
RaaJjt dx. of the Animal Sf in! s, that coU ffea^*
tber^ which contrads the Pares, maises our Feeling '
more nict and [mart than ivarw IVrather , whicn
relaxes the r»;^(7j , and gives the ^ringy Animdt
Sfir'us (for fuch they are, as Ihall, by His Afii-
Oa/ice that made them, appear) leave to expand,
by which means, and the FeJJds widening , the
ff*&^ grows duller, for wane ofcomptcflion of diB
Spirits.

By what lias been faid, you may fee why Per*
loOft of a fine and JeUcatt Texture (that js . of
fmaHer axiAfitftderer Vejfcls) have a more exquiiite
Feeling i that little -i'/iw.)//, 3s5/);V,rf, F/e«'<, and
many mch, have molt nice and accuratt Fethng,
becailfc their Bervei^ VfJftU, Pipesy &c. are pru-
pottionably fmall, and thefmallcr they are, tha
more accute is their Fechng, for the Rm/i-^jj afore-
faid ; which wasabfolutely neceffary, becaufcthey
deal with fitiall Things prnportion.ibly, as riieir
iw</. Treading-^ &c. and that fmall Things D)ay
harm them, unlefs they take diltinfl notice there-
of to defend themfelves J whereas Kkphann, Ca. I
ratU, Horfes, &c. can , becaule ot their large
P'ejfel:, fcarcc feel iiicli Impreffinns, as would
crufh thoie tittle Amm.ils to pieces. Lord, hov*
mdmfdd are Tbj (Vu/Jii .' In IV/jdam Tkv haji
iHadt ibtm all '

114 TheMyfteries

It is from this Fimtipf anA delicate SmaStK^ oT
the Nervet, Fibrei, and Memhranti, &c. that one
Part has a more exquillte Senfatkn than another,
and that the extrcam Varn have Cgeneral!y fpeak-
ing) better filing,

SeconJly, It follows, that by reafon of the v:gi.
lative Coniraiiion of the fenfile Parts, the /Animal
SfHf/ mud gain 3Con(iderable«w;!rfj7«rf,whereby
{ AS the External AiiJium is rendred titter to con-
vey Imfn^ioni by the help of Com^reJJion) fhey are
better diCpofed to convey Impr-Jjions to the fenfi-
tive Soul ; for the Internal And External McMum ba-
ring like Office in the Otcmomy oTStnfation, and
fas youll findj like Qualifcatiom, muft be afTeft-
cd alike by ComfreJ^on ; but whether they are the
fame thing, or no, 1 (hall not need the Difcuffion
of that Point here ; therefore 1 leave it to my Tra^
til Animal Heebanifm, ~

3iy ira ct [

Imfrtjfu^^^
'live SouL "

IV. TTnO^ce, or Bujm^ if the Animal Sfb
for Internal Medium ) btini to receive ImfrtJ^
f^m the Organs, avd convey toem to t be ferjitive Soul^
AS thai oi the External Medium (or Air) was to re-
ceive them from the p^?'ffl, and convey them (o
the Orgat) • the rcjuijie T>ijpofitiom for its purpofe,
are manifeft from the Analogy of the External Me-
dium ^ viz.

Firft, That they flmld lie ^rittgy^ (or elafiick

and that they are lb, appears,

1. From their very Office, which being temicm
anAfiuid, they could never feiform [as the Air
cannot) without being fpringy.

2, If they were not eL^iick^ and thereby com-
preffible, their yr0s could never be (b conrrafted
fas has been ftiewn) without Iqucezing them qaUl

Me. I

of opium ^evedfJ. 1 1 5

out of dietii, which is a Difocder not to be fup.
pofed in the Worki of GoJ.

3- IP they were not tla/lick (orfpringy) they
Would not lill their VeffcU upon Relaxation thereot,
which would leave a {^acuity, and thereby cauie
a difcomimance of Motion^ or (at leaft) a great
diforitT of it. which would caufe difmal Convid-
fom, if not Death it ftlf ; which is moft likely.

4. They could not be fo adive, nor indeed at ;
allatftive, without y^Jwgi»(//t for they cannot aift
up and down, and all manner of ways, (as they
do) by either Levity or Gravity, or by any othef
known or imaginable ^Ufiiation^ but Elafiicitj
(OV Sprivgijtrfj.)

f. It cannot be conceited why they fhould be
more aftive one time than another without Elafii-
<w/; but they are more adive at one time than
■norher, as appears by feveral Places or P''£^g»
of the Premifes, and in the taking more tlun
fn fuch as are ajlet^.

6. It is manifelt, that they are eUfiick, by their
fpringing into a Limb held up or down ; and^ that
with fuch Foice as to caufe a great Pain^ afcei*
they have been excluded from it by Ibme Acct-
>dent* as leaning, or prefltng too hard upon a
^erve, &-C. for neither Levity nor Gravity can
doib, efp?ci.il!y bothup and down (aswasfdid,>
H is there any Propulfory Engine for them, as

for the fl/i'ifc/, therefore it muft be from their

ffringineft.

>■ 7. They conid not caLife brisk and (inart r«-
iw/sjw m'lthns in the BaJy^ if they were not da.
fkAjfar iiicU cjnnn: be conceived by any means
MtKout it; hut there are leveral brisk and finart
trtmiUm mm lent, caufed by the Animal Sftrits^ is
fa the Shivtringi of Jlgue Fits, FrightS<i CclJ, Sm-
frizes, JuJMn or exquiftte Pain, Tremori of the
'tinmf'. Head, &c. in Old -Age, in Tume Convnif-

iitf TJje Myfteries

CHj, t!rc. Therefore the ^uimal Spiritt that caule
them are tUfiUk.

8. Mufcles have no fprmginefs of themfelves,
when the Animal Spirin'src excluded from them,
as in Paljiti, &c. but all Hi'jcki in their Enenion
arc very (prrngy, infbmiich dut if you hold any
of tlieni back, or reltrain them from their mo-
tion, and again fuddeniy leave them sx liberty
during ilie Exertion^ they, or any Part moved by
themj will fpring out very violently, as in Btf-
fpig, an Arm held i><ick, &c.

But nothing proves this Matter better than the
Tongue, in forming the Sound of the Letter R^
for m that Cafe the Tongue, after it is put tn Ten.
fion and Exertitn, being fuddeniy hit againft the
Infide, or Gums of the Upper Teeth, does there-
upon (as Springy , Bodies ufed to do) tall into a
tremuloHs motion^ or jarring, that cauies the fnar.
ling found of R, which nothing but fpringy Mat-
ter can do.

p. Were they not fj^^'ngy^ they could never
convey the tremulous motion of found to the fenfi.
tivt Soul, and indeed over all the Syfitme of the
Nerves, by whicli is caufed fas may be proved)
that Motion of Conlent call'd Dancing, and the
Fingen, <*fc. to move and keep Time with the
Mu/i(k, even when it, or the Finger, are not at
much as thought of, becaufe tlie Animal Spiriti
have the fame Capacity with the Air^ to receive
and convcv it, by Reaton of thtiT fpringimfs, and
greater by Rcafon of their more forcible Com-
freffiin by (he t'igilativf ContratHon, liiper added
to the Compreffwi of the Air, under which they
are, as well-as the Air it lelf, as plain Realon tells
us ; for that which CompreiTes the whole Body,
muft needs Comprels the Ammul Spirnt .-

I

I

ef Opium Reveatd. 117

ExptrmeWs of the Air-Pamp do confirm the
fame.

10. There can be no doubt but the Animal
Spirit} ate nourilh'd, or fuftain'd by the Air, if
tncy be not Air- tbercfJire they are tta^hk.
What needs any more ArgammtJ, when (everal
of the former are DemonfVracive? And, that,

11. Ali VhyJiciamanA I'bjlufifbers Cthat.I know
of) do allowj that the Animal Spirits are tU-
fiick.

Secondly, ll ii re^ulfue^ ("as was fiid of the Eif-
ternal Midinm) that tbey. pKuid be comprtpd, to
render them fit to convey Imprrffiims i and that
they are conipreficd is evident (as was befoic in-
timated.)

I. By" the Atmfpbtn. i. By the T^igilarivi '"
CmtToSiBn ; which makes them much more dif
pofed to eon-vey Irfiprtjjiom than the External Me-
dium J befides, chat very ofcen Two other Contra-
Jicliom (that are fhewn in the remaining Part of
this Chapter) are added thereto ■, and, that the
Animal Spirit] are wholly contained in Pipn^ (to
prevent their Expanfion) and that of the nar-
roweft fizes that can wel! be imagined ; but the
Air^ or External Medium^ is 3t large in the At'
ntoffbert ; lb that all the ImpT.Jfimi made upon the
Animal Spirits^xs very tigluly, cloiely, and finart-
ly convey'd, nor have they but a little Way to
pals, that is, the length of the Animul at moll',' I
which alfb may be (ome Advantage to ifnall Crrjjl
tures. But in Shtp the yigihti-ue ContraSion bein|*l
loft, and the Animal Spirin thereupon expandeoyf
all Impulfes muft needs be carried very fjintly^ j
both becaufe the Or^awj (or Membra nesj areitl-"!
difpoled by Relaxation, and the Ammal Spirits by j
Expanfwn npon that Relaxation, for want of due *
Oimprtfion to fit them, 1 3 7" '

1 1 8 The Myfteries

Thus hrvt ycu (after many vain EifiJairUtJ thf
;nis Micbanicd Cnufe of the Difference of Seijatie'i,
Slfipinjr, and fValung and the plain Reafon^ why
tur Mnituni are Jo feeirle in Slctp^ viz. Becaffe /o?
^fiimjl Spirits have Ufi "inch cf their Ftircty Sprin.
gintfi, &C. for ivavt of //ue Ct>m.pre0in, by Riafcn
if the Relexatian ef at tht yrjjelt ibat include the
$piritf.

Thirdly. It ts (in (bmc Meafure) retjaipe, that
the Animal Sfiriti ptoaU bjve an Hemognneeui Cen-
ii'fity, as was {hewn by the Analogy of ihe Ex.
ternj Medium, whicli does not convey ImpreJJient
as w-tl in the H^at of the Day, as in the Nighty
or after Sunfti ■ becaufe its Parts are more difcon-
tinued and di^rcgated by the Pai tides of //«f,
Fumci, &c. in the DjyTime; nay, if Things be
difcontinucd, they never carry Impnfiom lb well,
tho' placed contiguoufly altetwaid ; Thus a long
TV" that cnnveys founds foexaftly from one end
to ihc other, while all is continued, and in one
piece, will not convey the ("und fo well if it be
cut into many Pitees, tho' they are afterward put
Clofc one to ihe other.

As to this Matter of Continuity in &Lt Animal
SplritSy fteing it does not much concern us, anc|
that Veople in a State of Health are fuppofetJ to
have it, and that it is not our Bufmtfs here to en-
ter upon the Condderation of Nervous Difton-
pers, \ need not nfe any more Words about it ;
vuc that if it any \yay happens to he difcontinued,
as either by the P^n«7 thereof, that they do do?
quite fill all Parts of their Ve^s, or aiw Matter
intercepting their Parts, or that the Ve^t fliould
be fo relaxed, or widen'd, that the Animal Sfirits
cannot fo well fill them up, &6. fuch Cauics muft
deftroj

i

1

lio, J

L

0/ Opium Revearj, 1 1^

deftroy or leflen SenCition, cho' t^c bare mixing
of Fttmti with them would not (confidering tha
ibortncls of the IVay that Impreflions are carried
in jinimdi) much alter the Cafe, as you find
Fitmei in the Air do not much hinder/o«»»J at the
di/tanctf'of a T^rd or Tufoy wherein it is infenfible
(to common Oblervcrs at leafl;) fo that if fome
Fumti from a Grain or Two of Opium, did
mingle wich the Animal Spirits, it would not
caulu a fenfibie Jiff^rence of Feftlng'xn the (hoft
fpace of the length of an Animal : But 1 have
proved. That no fuch Fumt from the 0;)(«/w mixes
with them, therefore need lay no more of this
Matter.

V. The OgUtorBKfimfttfthefenfiiiveSwlintlt
O commj of Senfathn^ being te perceive the ImfTtf.
font cmvejei to him by the Animal Spiriti^ that hS\M
maVj if he finds them difjgreeable, bellir himfclM
in Defence of the Animal. ■ ■

Firft, It u rtijulfiie he fiauU atrtnd to aB lmffef>M
fimt offcT'd him by the Animal Spirits, otberwt(»Tf
Imprr^ont of great Concernment may efcape hii: J
notice, and confeqaeatly want his AJJtfiance by J
Way of Defence. For

It is manifcft, That when his Attention is di-* j
rerted by any OhjeSi, more efpecially by fuch n '
mightily pleafes him, as in the AH o\ Vmery^ and J
other Fleafaret, efpeciilly if intenfe, that he doej j
not perceive other O'jjeBs at the Tims that he b J
lb diverted ; and if the fhapmt Diverfim be »• J
tcnfe, and permanent , as in the Cafe of Opi/t/n and 1
ffine drank in a confiderable Quantity, he is tot J
taken up, diverted, or charmd therewith, that T
he does not attend to the Bufinefs of Senfation,
This is one Reafon why fuch as are far gone in
I 4 Drl^i

M

120 The Myfteries

Drhk, have none of their Sei/ei aright ; bqtaf
(o the lHufiration of this flhtur you may cxpc^
more herSafcer.

Note, That the feitfiilvt Saul U the only Thing
il an Animal that has Perception, and therefore
the only Thing that is fenfible of any Grievanct^
H^tarintp^ Hangir^ P^afure-, Comfort, ficc.

Secondly, It u re^ifue, that it jhaU uft aU
MeanT that it in its Pev/er, tbat the Im^reffiani jhouU
it hut^ht to it 'uery mttrtlj, txaStly, fraartly, 8CC.

/q as to have due notice of all Oi/eff/, and
fmalleft Imfreffiom that may be.

For whicli good H»*/j and Furpofes God has
dued the fenjitive Soul (as will be fully proved)
with a Power of conrrafting all the fenfilc,
fniall, and Ilender Pipei, y'fds, or Pajjages of die
Animal Spirits, for the more ei-prels, diftinift*
and accurate Conveyance of ail Imprt$ons by
ihe Help of Comprejfion ; Therefore the fenjitiva
Soul taking the AJ^vantage tliereof, for better In-
formation, in order to Sttf.?r<feruasion, does (by
the Appointment of the Prelerver of all Thing?)
execute his Power by the ai'oremeniioned VigiW-
tive Contrs£iion of thofe Partly to caufe (heir Ten-
fion and greater Comprrjftjn of the Animal Spirits, to
improve the Imprtjfum that are to be convey'd to
him, and render them more oblervable j This
pfl(^, who has made nothing to be idle, and par-
ticularly ordered the {evfuive Soul in Adam for
Labour, efpeceally in Reference to their own
Safety and Preftrvation, has made to be the
ordinary Employ or Day.iVork of the ftnfttive SW,
that by the (aid f^sgilative Contrailtenj the Orgsns,
t^emtranes, ^^els, &c. may be render'd morerfl»/e
M»djfrff», and the Animal S^iritJ mote compreffed^
"■""■" ' " ' ' fm '

o/ Opium UevtaTd. \%\

y^''"!f/» fompt, fiipfant, an&forcibliy for the Bcne5C J
(S ienfi and Motkm, upon all OccaHons of Defcm
Fligbdi StruggUiy &c. which is our State *
yigilancy (as has been intimated.)

But the keM)ing of the faid Parts, Membrane*,
Sec in contitimiCofftraShnfiVQn againft thz Remiien^
of the tlafiick Spirits, (which refill, and ihruft tbs 1
harder agalnft their Vijfds^ by how much the niortf \
they Compreli them by the VigUative ContraUion^ 1
being a continual tedious Labmr and Fatigue^ cii J
which chefc^ive Soul being fevfibk, fas tne only T
Perceiver o\ Lafumle, or indeed of any Thing i
belides, in an Animal) and in his Nature blttJ
material, changeable, fatigabU, frail, fubjeH to bflfJ
Worn out, and capable of Decaj^ (which makes 1
ihe Certainty of Deatl> in nil Animals, and in ny I
fince the Fall into an Animal Nature) docsf upon.-]
that Account^and leH the continual Ccniraiiiornai' M
tenfive Strefs of Parts, by tl^at Means, fhouldrpMri
their Texf , and to recruit the wafted Spria by Reft» j
(after luggingall Day at the Figilattve ContrdlimyX
grow willing to give over the Drudgcrjij however J
convenient for theC^t* aforefaid ; Tnerefore being* |
aKow'd convenient Ji?;? by his Maker, he, for the ]
great Benefit of RefeStion^ without which he cannol; J
continue his Being, and for the fweetnefi of Eafe^ \
toolens the Reins of VigHasive Ccmraclion ; wheroa
upon Senfalion and VromflituJe to Motion (which J
Were maimain'd by that Cmft-d^ww, caufmg thoJ
T<n(u)n of Organs, and Cetnprejfion of the Animat 1
Spirits, as has been Mechanically denionftrated) J
iait by the Relaxation of thofe Organs^ Membraneif 1
and ytjfel' of the Spirits, and the confegueot j
%cp<mfian of the Animal Spirits ; fo that nOW only f

ihe Compreffion of the Atmofphtre remaim, i
)»hich (as you lee in a Gm half fiiU of Air uiW j
ficc that Preflure) is not fufficient to com

IA2 The Myfteries

Impreftont WJCh any Smarinefs, or caufe the Ant-
Witt S^jriTi touring vigorotifly into Matiov^ which
Decay or Failure of Smfe and Motion by Rebxa-
tio», and the consequent Expanfmn of the Animal
Spirits, is the State of Natural Slief.

Note, That Relaxation is a necclTary Conle-
quence of the Privation of Contmiiiin, and ra><
quires no Labour, but a bare Remiflion of that,
ContraStion.

Noie^ That the Watching Part of our Lives is
upheld by Force, and that NuUum viokntum efi
■ Jiucurmim, and confequentiy a ncceflity of Sletf^
and at laft of Death it felf.

Thus have you the true Reafon of Sleeping and
Watching, which will naturally, plainly, and earily
Iblvc ail the Pbenomeva^s thereof j for it 15 more
evident from the Premifes :

z. Why Watching and Sleeping oblerve a. Pro-
portion E^tween them ; the being tired with pne
being the caufe of the other.

2. Why Senfe and Motio» do fail C> much in
Sleeps viz.. by the Relaxation of all PariSj and
Expafifm of the Animal Sfiritt.

J. Why they always fail together, and in III
Trsfortion,

' 4, Why tfwy do not wholly fail in Steep ; be.
caufe the Compreffwe of the Atmefphere, &c, re-
mains.

c. Why in Sleep the Limbi are (like a Gat hair
fmof Air) lax^ limber, flaccid, and yielding all
manner of Wayt ; becaufc alt the innumerable (mall
PeJI'di that contain the Elafiiek Animal Spirits, are

\

in
nd I

(as that half 611*d Gia I mentioned) not tightly
fifl'd^ w • "' ^

which if they were, would be jirm antl

'«/i>^J

c/ opium ReveatJ.

12}

Setftj as filch a G«f, blown up very full and for-
cibly ,15 j which VtfftU being all over the fiot/^f con-
firm the whole Tone when we are awake, and
the yigiltaivt Cmtraffion compreiTes the Anim^
Sfiriti into a Sceadineis, and (as it werej a kind
of S^-liJity,

6. Why (as appears by Statick Dmonfirationt^
and Exftrimetui) we perfpire raoie when afleep
than awake ; becaufe the Vcth are dofed by the
Vigilatiye Centra£ium, and open'd in SUif by rfiC
0nSTizty Rtfaxatiim, which therefore always caufei
free Perffsration where ever it happens, as in faim.
itg Pits, Syncofeiy Ltlpotbjmieiy and by Pfiirmth,
elpecially if mpift and emollient, as in Baih, Po-
mentaHont^ Feet Wa^xs, Head IVa^es^ 0-c. as alio
when Pltafure relaxii^ as jii the ^ff ef l^entty^
great Joy, after good Meali, or Ibme Glajfa rf
H^tttt, &c. all which caufe plentiful Ptrfftratum,
becaiife they relax, and thereby open thePwo^
(as more fully appears in the following Dlfcowft)
by Reafon of the Pleafure th»t they caufe, which
diverts the feofitive Soul from his Employ of Ctn-
traSiofi,

7. Why, the Veres being open by the RslaxmioHf
we fweot in our Sleep, if we are fjli'd with Mat-
ter for it, viz.. 'l/fu( ^nXiN «| vVfH a.n\i pa-nfit

^ai is. Much Sweat in Sleef argues, that mich
Food (or Nutriment) wta tahn \ of which Drin^
is the greateft Part in Bulk, even in Sot>er Per-
ions. 1 mention this to fhew the Diiference ni
(he Cafe of Perfpiralion and Sweating, for that '
iilwiys happens in Sleep, but not Ssreat, unlefi th©
JBodj/ be well filPd with Moifture ; To fiiew die
Caule of which Diferetue, will be the BuTioefi of
xny Trad of Animal Mecbanifm, if I have noC
hereafter an Oceajka to do it in tbis TraQ^ as (Ifup-.
pole) l^ay.

124

The Myfteries

8. tyhy Sleep cures Colds (by opetung t
Porei.;

5. WS/ die Skin is more florid in Sleep j be-
caule (as has been fatd) it being relax*d admits
the Bloud into it, which yigilative Consraiiion docs
in good meafure repel, and thereby caufe the Skin
to appear more white and faU, as it is, and any
one may obrerve upon awaking.

10. msy the Eyei look deadifh in Sleep, viz,.
becaufe (as has been (hewn) the Humors do not
fill up the relaxed Cot ma to a dae Tenfim abd So-
tunJitjiy which (as was faid) makes the Corma
fiiiney fparkle, and particularly to refleft a brisk
Speck of Light, (as fliining round Things muft do^
which Sveck if Painters omit, the Eyt looks
deadiHi, therefore they fhould, when they have a
mind to exprefi the 'Desdne[i of the Eye^, as io
Fainting Fitr^ Syncapet^ ^^^Pj D/ath^ Wanton looji
Qglings of L^tri., Drunkenmfi, &c. omit that Spect,
or rather draw it duller, wider, and dilcompoied
in Figure, with the Vufii very large, and the
Upper EytM falling down loofely, which would
exaftly exprets the DeaJnefs of the Eye in all
thole (Zafes of Relaxation, in which alone it io
appears. Note, That tlie Reafon why Ibme irj
fuch Cafes fee diven Colours before their Eyts, is,
becaule'the uneven Cornea varioudy retrafts and
reflefts the Light, which I mention becauft none
(that I know of) have obferved the Caufe.

II. Why People arc more fleepy in warm moift
Weather, viz,, becaufe the Parts are more relaxed,
and the Preffure of the Atmofphere left to alSft
the l^irilative ContraSion, to keep us in a waking
State Dy the Comprejfnre of the Animal Spirit 1 ,-
How much better therefore is a cool and Jry -Air,
that r^fes the Mercury high in the Barometer, (or
fftathir Glafi) both lor Heath and JBion ? be-

C4U& it rendeis the ^ml sprits more powers

'be- I
wer^

I

of opium Ret/eaPef. 1 2 5

Jill, prompt, and ppfant by the ComfreSim. This
ftould be obferv'd by luch as are to run Raw
alone, lift Wttghtty or perform any Thing that
requires Strengtb, Vigour^ or Sptea^ nor can I
doubt, but if we had an Artificial Means to com-
preis Men's BeJiei in a high manner, (as by put-
ting them into convenient Cavities> and (ordng _
Air upon them) but they would be much ftrongoT f
for the Time, and thereby enabled to do Ex-
floits beyond their ordinary Strength ^ wluch.
puts me in mind of feveral Things that confirm
it very much, as Mens lifting of greater Weights
in low Places, than on the top of very high Hillt,
where the PrefTure of the ^ir is lefs to comprels
the ■Animal Spirits j The CmtrailieH of alt Parts
in lifting of great Weights ; Tlbe prodigious Leapi^
and Sw^tmfi of fome Perlbns in great Frights,
Terrors^ &e. which mightily contrail the fcnplt
'Pant^ and Ve^tU of the Animal Spirits, by which
Means they are leoder'd moiefpringj and fovtr-

fml.

Note, That the true Caufe of Strength is the
Compreffion of the Animal Spirits, and that
(probably) the Force of Mufcles may fome wa;^
or other depend upon'tj which is not my Bufineu
to explain at preloic.

Netr, That it is the Memhranes are primarily
contra^ed, and the Medullary Part oftheNrrwj,
Sfiritt, &c. compreiTed thereby by Confe-
fueDce.

12. Why th& pft fiepK^i and moifit aremoro

Jleipji, as Childrtnj &c, 'viz.. bccaufe the Comfrcj}tm
of their Avlmai Spirits is not lb great by Reafbn
of the laxity of ttieir Parts, fo are they weaker
for the fame Reafon, which tells you why UtiU
Men,

1 26 The Myfieries

Men> whole Flefh ts firmer, that are no bigg^
th^ Bojt^ are much Itronger than Bo^s or ffomm
cS the iame bignefi.

ij. Whj warm and emollient Bitbiy Fameit-
ttaiom^ Feet or Head IVapiet, &c. do (as moi^ and
wtrm Weather) caufe SUefmefs ; and indeed all
Things that caufe Relaxation^ Or incline the fev/I-
tive Soul to leave off contrafting, as fVeari-
vfij &■€. do caufe Sletf.

Ntte, That in dry Bodies, as old People, fP-c.
fudl Emollient Satbs^ Fomentations^ Cfc. wirli the
Ufe of EmeBient Moifirten inwardly, will Caufe
Sleep very finely, when Opium it felf will not j
ancf that Opium in fuch Cafes fhould be ufed with
ihch Things both internaSy and externally \ but
(which is not obferv'd) the Baths^ Fementati.
crttf &c. fljould not be above the Warmth of
BlonJj becaufe the Heat may otherwife caufe too
much motion of the Bloud and SpiriHj which is a
great Enemy to Sleep, that confip in their Refi,
tmd the aforefaid ^taxation of Parts, by both which

co-operating, you may, and cannot fail to caufo
any Man to Sles^, if you can make them concur.

14. The fame Relaxation caufes the Pulfe to be
larger and flower in Sleep, NaiiuTnal PcSmicnsj
want of due Contra^ion and Smfativn at Sto.
madi, by which Means the Meat ftays longer
there in our Sleepy than when we are awake :
So,

ij. Frets, Commstioni, and Perturhalievi of the
Spirits, O-c. are compoled by SUtpy becaufe the
fenjitive Soul (who is the Original of all morion) is
at Reft, and that the Animal Splrin being ex-
panded, ate nearer their ablbluie R^fl, which
confifts in a full and perfeift Exp.ir?fKn, fo that
there is no farther EnJcazvar towards Mutton,

lu inac 1

^r qf Opium ReveaPJ. 127

j6. Senraiion being much letTened by the £x>
patron of the j^nimal Sfsritt upon the laid Relaxa^
tion, the Senfc of the Irritation ef Humours is there*
by leflened, or quite taken away, whereupoti all
Fluxes occalioned by the Irritation of Humours,
as Diarrhea's, Dtfentertes, Catarrhs^ t^e. are AopC
or moderated (at leaft) by SUt^; Befides, that
I^laxarion being quite contrary to Contraction, by
which thole Humours are fqueefed out, lets the
Humours (lay quietly where they are, RtUxatioa
being more for receiving, containing, detaining,
and fulpending Humours in the Parts, than fend-
iog them forward, as you fee in a Spunge firft
coatraded, and afterward fuifered to dilate, ov
expand it (elf in a Dijh that has Ibme Water in it,
which it takes into it felf, and (utpendsrillfome-
tbing (queefesit out by contra^ing it.

17. Therefore it is that the Spittle does not
come into the Mouth in Sleep, or very little, and
thai People are apt to awake ihirfty, tho' it is
iboD taken offinfome meafurebyihe ^/W/arm
ContraSim fqueezing out the SpittU into the Mouth,
unte£ there is fome fpecial Caufe to th? con-
trary.

1 8. For the (ame Reafon the Menjfruum of the
Stomach comes but very flowly into the Stomach
in Sleep, wiiich is one Caufe that Digefiien goes
on but flowly b SUep.

Nottf- That Digejiion, and fending the Ciiyle
out of the Stomach, depending both upon Cot:*
truSion^ they arc hadned and retarded in exa^ 1
Proportion, fo that the Extrujion keeps equal Pot* ■
with the Dige^ion. How equal and duely pro- 1

I portioned arc the Works of Nature I
19. It is plain alfo from what has been Stated
concerning Sleeps why Ague Fits ftldom (if

'is8 The Myfieries

ever) take Ttepk in the time of their Eirft (bund
Sleeps becaufe the Slivering is caufcd by agiievaar
Sen/dtien of the Jenfie Parts^ which cannot well
happen in that found Sleep, wherein there is Q>
little Feeling by Reafbn of the faid Relaxation ;
and becaufe Relaxation oppoles ContraH-ion, by
which that Shivering is promoted. Sucli a Rf-
Isxalion, and Failure of Feeling thereupon, li the
tme Caufc why Opium puts off Jgae FiUy 6cc.
So,

20. The Relaxation in Sleep (lops yemiting, by
taking away the fenft of the irritating Caide, and
quieting (as I haTe intimated^ all Modons \a
general ; (b Sleep flops HiccOMghiy fhmorrbages^
Diary Fevtri, &C.

21. Why Watching, LabouTy or what impairs
the Spirits, and tires the fenfitive Soul, inclines us
to Sleep, that is, diffwfes the fenjuivt Soul (the
only Feeler of Laffitude) to give over Contract-
ing the Senfile Parts, which (as will plainly, ap.
pear by an^ by) fpends the Spirits, as Sleep by
relaxing them caufes a Recruit thereof.

To be (Iiort, (tho' one can hardly be too long
jn (blving fhenomen^t, which is the Trsaf of tho
Trteb of a Man's AffirttQn) the Mech,mical De.
tmnfiration that I have made of the State of Sleep,
ing and IVakingy does fo evidently explicate all
the Pbenemena) of both, that 1 am even alhani'd
to run any farther upon fuch plain Matters, (fo
obvious arc Things when the Truth is known,)
and therefore (having mention'd thofe Cireunu
fiancei and EffeSh of Sleep, that mainly concern
us) I rauft give over, ieft the iVorli (hoiild think,
that I rake all my Readers to be Idiua, by ufing
too many Words in fo obvious a Thing ; or, that
I am no better for ufing them without Caufc j ,
for the Truth of tl:is Matter Teems to me to out
fliiid

of opium ReveaFJ. 1 2 j>

jhine all tlie Ar^menti 1 can make for it, fuch J
Splendour does Truth (hew upon the firft GlimftA
thereof, as I take ttie Account I (^avc of Sletf\
and tVatching to be ; for the Opinions 1 have met'
Concerning than were quite contrary to, or ?cry ■ ,
TfTfjon from wliat I have ftated.

1. They went quite cotitrarj to it that faid,-
That the Ammd 'spirits were expanded, and th«-
Porei of the Brain, &s. more open f and conle*
quently more lax) in Watcbmg^ as WiSis, anA fti'i
•vtrd otberi J who therefore fay that Cofee, Vdetik '■
Saitt, dfc. are Antihyfaotkh, ("or good azainit toO'j'
much SUtfintfi) becaufe they caufe AXiExpsnJioH^
of the %fkitt, and open the Poret of the Brain^
liippofing CforfoothJ that they marched up and
down* and fo kept the preatRr ftir upon the falfc ■
Ittiagination of their Roads being more openf-
which (as was proved) are really more ctofe, ■
Ci^et keeps us from SUe^ by drying, binding, and
both Ways conftringing the ^#/j, as alio by a'
wide gracing Quality, which therefore does irri*
tate them to contraft, belides that the Saline Par-
ticles Gaufing ari Agitation, may contribnce there- "
to, ^Othiihy ConflritigifiginA agitating-, it direftly .
oppoles Sleep, which proceeds from Relaxation"'
and Qoietneis.

2. They were very remme from the Mark, chat '
laid (as IVtdftiHs aflerts all do) iliit f.^/iewrj. were f
the caufe of Natural Sl§ep, which bear no manner '
of Proportion thereto (a3 was ihewn ;) As ihey -■
were alfo who madly talk'd, That tlic Animai •
Spirits, which have neither Life, Smff, Motion, of •
EUSien, did of rhemfelves retire very knowingly .
to the Brgin\i\ Strep, and left the IJ'nbi, &c. de- '
ftituce of them, whereas (s% has been Mfcbani. t
iaSjf proved) they have more Room than that at
other tinles in the Limb'^. and all the fc^filn Para. ..

K Hut

130 The Myfteries

But I will not argu; againft fochfenlelefi antj
precarious Ahfurditui ■, it is not worth the while,
cfpedally llnce thzTrutb'K manifeftly difcovered:
It woultl not have been fo (illy to have affirm'd
the quite contrary, ■jii-. That the /^nimul Spirits
are forced into the iofc and yieltJing Brain, in
Watchingiby rhzyigiSatiytCantrathun ofalliheywi-
f.U Parts repelling chenijas when Cold repels them
by a Rrong Comr,Mion of the Parts, and caufes
a Stupor or SUep thereof (as t!ie>' call it.) But
what have we to do with fuch infufferable Tra^t f
Therefore bidding it adieu, let us purfue our Bn-
fimfs.

That it is the Seijtiivt Saul, and nothing
it, has that CentuHin^ Powtr^ is evident ;

t. Becaufe it is tne Original of aWAdoiionta
the Animal as fuchj and that nothing belides it
has any Lifi^ Perceftion, Mutton,, or Power, and
therefore muft reft till they arc moved.

2, Becaufe, That when the Senjiiive Seal is df.
verted by imenfe tUafure, fi ora attending his Bu-
linefi, iraniediacely Relaxation follows ; as in the
PUafure of the -rtfl of Veniry, by fVmty Joy, dfc.

in which you have all the EJfeiis of Relaxation, as
Dea4nefs of the Eyes, Diuilaiion of the PupiUa,
plentiful Perfpraticn, Flondity of the Skin, a large
Pt*!f^, and (bnieiiines*a confiderable Failure of
Snft and Motton, as in the niofl: pleafant time of
the l^eneregl ^Et^ Deliquiums, Drunkenntfs^ Syncopes^
or Ecfta(ies upon iwfew/e Pkafurt, (wliich are very
properly called Ecjta^ts) Leipotbynies, Leijtop/ychits^
&c. which fignifie the Smtts leaving us without his
Help by Cen:raQioni, which he then does not es-
ercife, as being charniM, and wholly taken up
with Pltafurc. Tliis is [he true Caufe of all Dtlt-
tjiiiums, 0-c. upon PUafare, Jvy, &c. all which
caufe great Relaxations, and thereby I^tjls of Sc
and Motion^ as being iti-neceflaiy Csnlequences.
3 ■

PI in '

I

tif Opium iteveati/. t^i

I , 3. Becaule gritvaus Snfatian, which belongs

I bnly to the Se^id've Sea/, puts us Immcdiitdy olc

' of Slief inco a Vigilaiive Contraifiav. .^,.

i 4. Becaule the Sznfuive Soul Mti, \vhen we'arc

Sleepy, oppofe ic, by continuing the yigil^tivt

ContrailioH ; which proves Vigiladve ConlraQlon cO

be in his Peivtr.

Niiit, That there is alfo other (oris df telpdy..
mill, Deli^Hiumi, dfc. upon the Senfveve Soul''i
being over- tired, (whereof l^atural Sleep is but a
tommon and ordinary Degit't, thac b,ippens of
Cour(e for our Relief) or over born vvicHroma,
iW/>«tf, Sec, as when (bmewhat grieves at Hr-'-,
mdcb, and that it has laid about it all manner of
^"p, by Vomiting, Convulfivs M3tioni^(^\\ co ba
rid of ir, till it can work no longer i whereupon ic,
lays down the Cudgels^ delifts from all further Eo..
dcirour by ComrMions, yielding it lelf to E^ej
fteing all Striving is to no EffeA 1 So, that tho'
this DtU^uium, and the former, differ in their tirit
Caufes.yec do they agree in thelaft and immediate,
•viz. the Stnftii-vc SWs not attending liis IJutincli
of ContraSion, whereupon Ibllows a w/jji^f^ Rt.
laxatloti, as appears by the Dendnefi (or Retax^
of the Cornea^ DHaia! ton o[ thz P'lpU, Agrcat L
of ail PartSj a Urge P«//«i or nrmt;, very plentifi^
TtrfptratioH, Stops of Himanhjges, and all lluxe^
that require ConiraiHon, &c. wliicli bjfipen bott
upon the Account of thi: (ireat RtUx^tmn it lilf
p(as has been Ihewn) and tliealiiWll: ablolute Rcl
lof all Things by the ^en^iiuf^s withdrawi

I himlcif from Bt-ftiefii more than in Sleep Ic li

II therefoift oblerving the Degrees of .?/-(■?, i?
1^0 JVflfe, That (GJ and N^mn-^ uiiog 'a diJ^

'Prifortion in all TliingsJ tlie Scfvlve Scul ul(3
pcveral Darnel ol RtUx.i!i.)i, acco\oin" as he H^
fred, aficfi'f/"r'i'^ji"» is wanted ; li'cnccitis, (liac
K z I'lcli

1 9 2 The Myfieries

'uch as jre much tired /?«;> more profouniSy , that
our frfi sleep arc the (bundeft, and that Sleep gra-
dually didhes ia degrees ('as we are recruitedj nil
p. we awake ; the nearer which we are, the more
f We dram, the ftate of Drtnming being a kind of
Twilighc between found SUef and Awaking, or-
between a ii\\\ fommfei-oM Rtlaxatm and "v^Jlutive
Contrail ton. And as the Scnfttive iow/ufes alt degrees
of Contraiikn below that of the yigdati-ve, till it
comes to bare Comfrrffion of the Jir^ ; fo it can
e\^\Ci\k fupcT'-vigiUtive Centralfkrt, fif I tnayib alt
itj that is, much higher degrees thereof than what
wasrequifite ordinarily for a flate of P^tgitaic^, as
I in Cafes of Danger to the jinimd. Frights, Ttr^
reitrs, grievotts Tajfwm and Serfatms \ by which
means the animal Spirits being more compreffed
than under the ordinary vigilatizri ContraElion^
Scniation grows more nue in6ff»art^ and Motion
more protnpi and vigoroHt ( they always going
together) for ihe Deft nee of (lie Animal, by*
I extraordinary Flight , Kepiljion , or otherwife.
i Hence it is , upon Fear, Terroar, grievotts Pa/l
f Ju", or Senfatim^ (which manifeftly proves the Be-
; mg of fuch an extraordinary Contrail ion upon iuci:
Occ^llons) Thar,

1. TeTjpiration\A\\i in a yet higher degree thai ^
ondcr bare or ordinary vigilative Ceniraitie^^ as'
appears by infallible /tf/ici Experiment i and DtmoTt-

\ Ji rations,

2. It is by realbn of the faid defenfive ContraSiion,
(for fo I call it, becauf; it is excited in an extra-
ordinary manner for ths defence of the Animal in'
rime of need, or great Exigence) That in Fright j^
TcrrouTi^ &c. our H*r, Dag!,?<.Q. does ftand on
end, or more upright ; i. Becaule the Pores do,
bv that violencCcwrr^flfow, ftriiftly dole about the
Root of th« //.:>, that it camiot fwag, iiicli—

> I

d

I

o/ opium ReveafJ. 1 3 3

or yie'd any way, by re^fon of its Ifti^hiy Sec.
as when the Skin ii morehx and f<ft, and ihe
Pores, wherein the Hair is fixed, moie open.
2. Beciufe (which is chc matJi Rtajon ) the iJid
Contradi n renders the oblique Verci more upright ;
as fiippole the Porei and HaIt do n.!tiirally lUnd
^Aliqoely, (as rhey do to carry off Wet, &£.) as
in Fig. 1.

^f An^thatftf)inF/^. i. is, bv ihe faid CuntraBtm^
brought nearer to (i), as much as is from (^) to
(fl), then will the iam and Hdr Oand upi ight,
x'lnFig.z. and the Skin ^, o, e, i, j, contracted
and brought widiin the piick'd Fer^nJkuhny
whereas in Fig- 1. it excm'd beyond the PerpenM-
fn/ar », JM, as much <is is fioin a to o.

3. For the Urns Reafon it is. That the pAce,
in grievous V a fflam and Sinfiitions , as acucd Pain,
c^f. is contorted and wrung awry, as you fie in
Perfons that cry becaufs of G>ievames^ ["afcei- the
fame manner as when they ftrive to lift up a grest
TFtiik) and that at the fame time T&irs, and
Moiiture at Nofe and Mouth^zre (queezed- out by
the iame ComraQian ; which makes People uls
the Saying of Cnjt'mg Snoc ahout when Men cry.
It, is for the fame Rtafin that Per>pk\ MoutliS ■water
K 3 extreanily

■ nic ;>3yini

^m Itufortl

134

miy when the^

The Myjieries

t ba4

rttrcam!

Rjz.-'r that purs them to Pain, wiiich coillraito

the Pjrt5, and (queezts out the Spittle,

4; The PaZ/e grows Aniibly nanower and har-
I (Jcr by. the fjme Contnihm.

f . It is by the ComraOion upon ^irL-AMJ Senfa-.
fiw, th^t our Mouths water rcry much upon a
I^i'ufea at Stomach, becaufc of tlie continuity of
(lie Membranes of the htlmih and Stomach.

6. The fame CimirMtcn is the true Reafon why
People, upon H«»^«-(wl-iich is Rgrit'vmis Smfaiion
'it Stomach) have lb much Moillure for Spittle)
in their Mouths, and fo much the more when
they fee good nCiuaU, and cannot have it, be^
Caulc the Grievance which caufcs the ContraHion
\hit fquctics it out, is by fo much the 'greater.
This is the caufe why the Mouth ivaters when hun-
gry Veofli {ee pr fmell good Viftuals. By the (ame

■ Contraflion Moiilure is (queezed oyt into th6
Oi-fophgui , for GuU(t) and the Mmfiruum into
the Stomach at the fame riwe ; where fobferve
GoiiH Good and Wife Pri?T/iV«?«_) that Hanger
which calts for Anient, at the fame time provide
Spittle to lubricate it for Iwoilowing, and to hgtp
Pigfjlion^ render the Gulia flippery ancj diften^
fiblc, and caufei the Mtnfiruum to flow more

. libundantly into the Stomach \ and all this when
nioft needed , and that exaflly in presort ion to
rtie iJ»"ger (or grievous Senfation) that C3ules the
ContmCiion.

It is well worth your nottJ!g, That God's W^
^m does always caufe the IVunt of what is necet
ury in f^^ftU Creatures, CO be the folliciting and
urging Caufe for fupply, that 3 due Proportion may

, bs oWerved between the Supply and the W«w ;
which may Dpon the tplling of it appear Co plain
a Cafe, that it is fcarce worth the mendomng 3
but (believe ine) it is fb little oMerr'd, (as pli ' ^

m

of Opium ReveaN. 135
as it may (eemWbcj th^c Penfle have, and do
err extravagantly for wj« of noting it ; whicli if ,.
they had noted, they- could never have faid that i
Vafmrs, or the retiring of Spirits Into the Bram^
€^Y. was the Caufr, or CaU o^ natural SUep ■•, nor I
feigned Mcnjiruumt to be the caufs of H««ger ; but ]
would have duly conlidered what is mainly fiip. >
plied by Eating, or recmired by Skcfing^ Sec. and
then hadtiothing to do but to conclude the DcfM of 1
that to have been the Caufe that foiicited for the \
Supply in fj-flporrfm to the ft/Ifl; -Which.if ob, I
fcrved, will mofi naturally and eafijy lead you to i
^z anz KmwUdgt of the Caules of all A^prtiiu. i
in an v^»iwj/,upon a few Minutes Confidcration a J
for Want of which moft plain and (one would!
thinkj very obvious Mtthnd, tlie deviating IVurlil 1
has fadly puzzled it lelf about the Cau(e of littl-
er, Tbirfl, SLef^ and the like, to this d^y, and
ill is ifl Difputes about them, o[ which (tho'
my advertent Reader may well prevent me, by
ufing that miiird Meihod) \ (hall (Ciod wiSivpl
give an accounl in my Traci of Avimd AfecUa-i
nifm: Only mtt here, That I do not mean I
privative Defeft, -is fuch, to be the pofitive Caufe ;
but that the Defe<9: of what keeps or guards th{
Stomach, Cfc. fiom the Grievance, caules otha
Matter to grieve it, caufe Iltinger, &c. withoii^^
which means, no Proportion can he obleived t
tween Hunger and what takes it away, or o
Food.

7- The fame (/(/tn/zi/f Confrufl/uB does, upon^riA. !
•VOMs Senfation, a Faiv, Coldy Tcrrour, i^c. cauf^ j
a Corrugation of the Scrotum^ contrad the Skia '
into little Tubercks like that of a Goofc.^kin, &c,

8. By it, upon grtervDus Senfation, as By fqueez:- J
ing the Ntfe very hard, pulling the Ha/r, SanJ, or
any fuch thing, in the Eje, or a Grievance by thd
yi,latilf Paniilct of Onions^ Mujlard, Horfe-Ra^ijh. .^
K 4 ■ Roottj'

S

1^6 The Myfterk^

^fr, &c. the pjrts and Meh^-rjncj about thfi
Eyei contracting, fqucexe out Tears, that whaf
grie^'es the Ejia may chertby be walhed away,
or (]ualified, as much as the Ttan can do it.
9.' By this Camrnilion repelling the Bloud, tliQ
;;5*i'jgn>W5 Pale by Cold, tear^ Piiin^ &c. wWct}
»lfo cTofing the Vorci, flop Sviat^ as in a moment.
You'll have an accounr hereafter how Cmtra-
Ition may cauie Sweat by fyitterJng in fomc
tJifes, 4nd flop it by Jhuttin^ the ports in other
Cafes.

10. It is by hthit CamraBiov, that Fear, CoU,
&e. cloHng [he Pom, and repelling the Bloudj
ftanch Bleeding ; So happens alfo a greater Com-
traffien of t[;e Pupil of the Eje by the fatnQ
Caufe.

r 1 . Ir is the Viiltnce of this CantraBhn upof|
I Feur, TtrrouT, Pain^ CfU, (^e. clofing the fmall
r Fejfdi of the 4nimal Sfirtti, and thereby repelling
*fhcm, Caufes (lie Sbi-vering in thofe Cafes, by thS
I ^emtniy pf (he elafiUk Animal Stiriii (prin^n|[
f back again, lonei qujtiei, havinf; gain'd more tltt-
• fid Fprc^' by the very CarpWipm it felf, whict^
f that C(fn:ruHion caufcs ; (b that by reafon of the
[ (Jubious t/eUiatioti Cor skirmipiiug ) between the
repetliiig Cmtrailhn antl tiKjpritigin^ Spirits, hap-
pens a irfwi^M Moiion^ ('as offa-Ji/ering Springs;^
which Sbiviring in Ame'Fiti did formerly lea J me
to the Situation oi the 0«/e of ^^wj (when I
Wiic my Book Dt Ftbribui intermktetnibu!) in the
yjlngufit^n the ent! of the i^#/f, which termi-
ftate in rtie Membranei ; the grievous Senfation of
which'; (iaufes all (he Shivering that happehs in
anyCafe to Avimnh. ■ '

■ I a. By the fame Contrt3ion, when very violent,
and of (he whole Body, «W Sweats happen iit
Faiit; t-'ear^ Terroiir, &c. x^ile it violently Iqueezes
^ut [he outmbft, and thcreforccoldeft Moiftera

1

of opium ReveaFd. i^j

of our Buttei, as Limndnjfei do Water out of wet
Ijnpen by ConioTtion. Thus if you dip one half
of a wet cold Sheet in hot Water, wrapping ttu
hot tide within the cold, or let a -warm Sheet that
i§ contorted cool on the out-fide of it, and then
wring it as iVamtn do Linnen, the Water that
firft exudates will be cold ; for in this Cafe the
clofing of the Tores avails nothing to hinder it, as
long as the expretfing Force mafters i( ; more
e&eciaily in Antmal Bodies, wherein the Parts aro
fo contrived, that Humourt delign'd for Excretim
cannot well return, and- therefore muftt upon
Contraiiiotj, run Out.

Hence it is tliat ^/nw, or Vitriol, which are
Tery aftringent, and therefore clofe the Poni,
will nocwithftanding cau(e the Motab, or Nofe^
to run very plentifully with Moifture, by contraS-
'ing alt the Membranes about tlie Mouth, or W&/>,
and thereby Squeezing out the Moifiure defign'd to
be excern^d, which cannot return, becaufc the
Varti are contriv'd againft the return pr read.
nsittance thereof ; whereas Alum^ or Vitriol, will ,
flanch or ftop £.'c«i^ by theGime ConiraiUoo, be-
. caufe it ipay return (i% not being deiign'd to bo
excern'd j either into the Arteries, and fo pafs by
other Brancbti thereoft or fwhich is more ready
arid naturatj keep its courfe into die Veins, So
(he two Riddles (that I have known fonie Vroud
Thyficians amaz'd at, tho' but Trifles) of Alu?nax)A
Vitriol caufing the Spittle, &c. to come out, in-
flead of topping i; by their AJlringency, and their
flopping BiouJ at Nofe at the fame time they
caiue tm Snot, or other Humours^ 'to run out, are
unfolded.

1 3. It is by this mighty ContraBion growing to
a.n enormous degree, that tlje Animal Spirits being
violently comprefTed, grow exceeding irrequiete,
as upon Convuiflons in great Paw, or very grievous
' '■■ ^ Sen&.

fttjfitivt S^^^

138 The Myfteries

Senfkuon it Siomacbj &c. wHle the yi»//rti
compreffing them with mighty Farce and fome-
what difbrderly and unevenly, becaufe of the Con.
fffion and Hurry he is in to relieve the Animal,
they by their ^ringinefs Hing up and down with
gteat Vigour. This makes convuijive Motiont have
great Strength.

14. The Body under this Contraftion is raa-
nifeftly flirunk by meafure, cfpecially when the
Senfation is very grievous , but moll of ajl if they
cau(e a general Canvulfion ; which I manifeftly ob-
(erved in a little Bitch, that was convtilfive all over
for three Hours, and was juft expiring, when I
gave her the Sal VoUt. Okof. of Opium , which
perfeflly reftored her by relaxing the VeiTels.

Some may think it ftrange , That Nature (hould
contrivea more niceand imart Senlation (which
the ContraHioK of the VeJJch of the Animal Spirits
muft caufe by comprelfinz them, &c.) in P-j/w, and
by it ; which becomes To much the more acute i
MHiereas one would judge. That Nature would ra- '
thcr contrive its Eaft than improve its Smart.

You are to know, That ttie Fain is in order to
relieve the Aninul^ by exciCing all its Powsrs to
defend, expel, or rejeft the Cauft '^ and that,
without a grievous Senfation , the fenfittve Soul is
neither minded nor excited to do it j and the
more the Fain is, the more it is ftirr'd up to Sdf-
frtfervation, and ( as was (hewn ) the more vi-
gorous do its Motiohs grow by the Comprfffton of
the elafiuk Spirits to perform that Work ; fo Na.
ture, not regarding the Fain ('which is rather for
goodj as much as caking away the Caufe, advan-
<:es that, for this Purpofe-j like a wife Vhyfician^
who finding a Grie-vitnce at Stomachy not fuffident
to exdte ettedual Vomitings to throw away the
grieving Caufe, adds to the Grievance by giving
4 Vmit ; which becaufe (as was laid) Nature is

propon^H

of Opium Rezf^rd, 130

proportionably excited tc , and invigorated for
Stlf-frefrTvaiian, (iifficieptly follicites and eo^Ies
it, by a ftronger Contraition-^ tq rcjetS the grieving
Matur.

As rhe greater the Relaxation is, the more is
ihe Reft of all Parts; and the weaker the Animal
Spirits (becaufe lefi comprefledj the gentler are
all Morions, fas you fee in SLi<p) confequently
the left is the Expeace of Spitils ; (o that in Sleep
we generate more than we lpend> and are there-
by recruited ; So the more the Contratiion is,
'the more violent is the Motion of the Heart, Ik.
fe/?w«, and of all Pares, and conlcqucntly thq
Expence of Spirits is the greater.

Therefore it can be no Wonder, That Control.
Biom do caufe great Commodom of Spirits, Diarj
Ftvtri, &c. when you confider,

I. That the fifijitive Soul Is, by the grkvotti Seth
futions^ Sec. that caufe them, put upon a great
Frety Cmarn, and Hurry, tO defend the AnimaL
and lays about him all manner of ways for Self,
freferviirion.

■ 2. That the Animal Spirits are, by means of
great Cempnjfwn caufed by the Jcfenjtve Centra.
Sion, in a very forcible Springinejl, which caule^
all the Adions thai are continual, involuntary, ani
of courfe. to be performM with great Violence^
proportionable to its compreffed Elafticity. Bq-*
iities that,

3. The SypUt of the Heart arcoftener repeated
Att which confpire to caufe greater Commaionii
n^n grievous SenfatiWi^ whereby DiBTj Fevers, ^e. ,
are caufed, which areeafily and naturally cured b^.
SUtp, or ib/<ucjt(OT, atprefent compofc and quifl)t
tbofc Verturbatiens. Who knows Qho' it is n(^,
my Bi^e^ to difcufs it at prefcnt; but that th^

^^tra^iom \p^ *5 coUF^s of j^^Ji^ ^¥5 g gr^'

J,T?J

V40 The Mjffteries

hand in uufing the hot onei ? How otherwift
fliould Opium, by only taking away the grievous
Senfatton of ^tcoU Fits, takeoff", or prevent the
hot Fits alio? But of this, in my often- mentioned
Traif, ('tliou^h not fo often as it grieves me that
it is not publilhed-)

t

How realbnably may we now expaft, Tliat

fileaGuit SenCicion may caule quite contrary -EC
:fts to that of grievom Senfalion f -viz.. Relaxa-
tion, and all its Effc&s, ('which have been in ibme
meafure enumerated in the Cafe of Natural Sltep
in this Chapter) viz. Satufaihon, Compafure of Frets
and Commotions j as of diary ^t-vers^ hyflerick Fisf^
&c. Per/piration, qaieting of Vomitings , Hicceughi^
&c. leffming of Feeling, and confcquently a flop
and moderatim of aJl Fluxes that depend upon Ir*
ritationof Humours, as Diarrhea* 1, Dyfenteries, C*.
tarrhi. Vomitings, Drineji of the Mouth, (as in Sleep^
for want of the Csmraition to fqueeze the Spittle
out of the Glandules iqto the MouthJ Nociumal
PoUutims, Sec. But of the Nature and Effeili
PUafitre, you'll find more in the next Chaptt

Befides the Vigilative and Defenfivt ContraBiot,^^

fwhich (eem to be Things of courfe upon tVaku^

and GrievMttcu) the /enfitivt Soul has a Consrailkn
at H^d, as that of the PupiUa^ when an Animal is
intent upon Seeing ■ of the Tympany when intent
upon Hearing ; oithe Mufeles of the Legs, when
intent upon ffalking ; and fo of all the M»fclei of
the Boily, which 1 call Intemive ContraBioa , that
he can perform either along with,or without theo.
ther Contr ait itns, or without any great degree there-
of, as when one is considerably relaxed with the
Pleafiert of H^tnt, wry good News, 8«. nay, fome-

tipes even in Sleep, as is raanifeft by the NoBam-
^lif (oc fuch as mlk in their Sleep) aiid luch

fpCi

1

1

. of opium ReveaPd. 141

fpeak, ftrike, &c. while aQcep : And as the Dt~
fefifive Contraiiion does all it can in our Difittce,
without the Direllm of the Will, as in yomitPig^ .
Sneezing, ?w|(»£, SCC. upon fenfiliU Irritation ■ fo
this Intemive Comraitim does all it can to the
rame Purpofe, by theC/V(^K» and Diiimet there-

Notty That infenfile growing TUngs that do
not move, as Trees, &c. have none of ihcfe Con-
troSionsj but what happens by CoU, and Compref-
(ion of the Atmofpbtre, which are fuffident it ieems
for Nittrition, but not for Stnfe and Motion^ it
follows. That in complsat Syncofei , when the
fafitiv* Soul gives over all CmtreQiom , that we
aie much in the ftate of a Plant.

All thofe three ContraAionSjWic. the Vigil^rvt^
Defen^tj and Inuntive do, becaufe they promote
MotioHi and caufe it more or te(s, (as you find
the VigU«tiv€ cauies much more of it than SUef^
and the Defenfive more than that, &c.) (pend the
Spirits, caufe iVearinefi, &c.

The Vigilatlve Centra&ion does of it fclf, with-
out any confiderable Gritvance or Labour, that k^ 1
Without the Devfcnf-jt or Inttntive CmtraSion, tiro " .
the finfiti-vt Sml In about 1 6 Moun : Hencc it ii
that the idleft Perfon, that is moft I'ree from Care, -
TreiibUi or P«iH, cannot well hold out without
the Recruit of Sleep any longer.

The Vefetjfivt ContrnQim, or that of Crievamet^
being added to the yigilattve CotitraElion , the
Spirits are fafler fpent, and the Perlbn tired pro- '
portionably fooner , according as the Crievanct \
is mere or Z^/, and confequmtly the Endeavours of \
Azfinftivt Svai to be rid thereof.

To '

k

Hi' /5fe Mffiertei

To both wliich ComratVwm, (-viz^ tlie l^iplatii;:
UldDefenfive) if you add the Imentive, (or La-
kur) then are you* (boner and more tired than
by only thole two former Contracliorn ; for this laft
Cafe is labouring in Pain^ (or under a Grirvance)
which notoriouny tires Man or Beaft (boner than
ordinary : The direft contrary to whicht is Oeep-
ing (bundly and fwcedy, without Trouble, Pain,
Or Dreams ; for a dreaming Canditian has too
much of the v'mUtlvt CotitrdUon in it, to be pure
Relaxation and necr«;i.

No* according as thefe CmtraUms are, or
are not added one to another, we are fooner or
later before we aredred, (fpeaking generally, and
ftot confidering Cufiom and H^iiir, which concemj
ui not.)

Yon fee that all the three CmraHioat
curring, do (bon ancI4adly tire us , that no
of them tire us as much as the three toaether ; tliat
is, neither the yigilativt and De/eKjwe^ without
the Intern ive ; nor the l^'gilat'tve iad htemivc^
without the Deftrtfive ; arid the ykUattve alone
leaft of all : Yet aSowattee mii(l be made foe
the Intenlhefi of the Defenftve and htemive * fbr
cither of thefe two being very intenle, may tire
as Aiuch as both, in a moderate degne: Thus a
Man may be tired with violent Labour in four
Hours, tho' not in 'Pain as much as one that
moderately labours in forae fmail Pain for the
laxaztime,

Obferve, That we recruit in efght Hours fgenc-
rally (peaking) as much by relaxation in Skep^ as
We rpend by vigilati-ue CintraBkn in fixteeo : I
take the Rcalbn of that to be. That Relaxation
widening all the Pailagcs of the Body^ the Nutri-
mint is admitted into them more fully and Geclj'j

m

>twf I

■ of opium RetfcaPd. 14;

as the£/<»«'isinto theSkinin^/ff;), and zWRelaxa.
rians, which caufe an Effiorefcence thereof in thoie
Cafes. Hence it is that we are la much recruited
and nourifhed in Sleep ; that Children groi¥
more than others proportionably , that Relaxen
caufe the Breafis^ &e. to grow.

A'aw, What a mighty Rt^aurat'rvt Relaxatim n I
By its help, for tight Hours in twenty foury wc cafl
watch all, and labour moft of the other^r«w, all
the deyi of our Life : It follows. That if we couM
any way half relax the wgilative Ccntra&im whilA
we LabouTy take a Journey^ or the like, that w^
m^ht perfonn prodigiouGy, without being tired.
Hence it is. That becaufe PUafure (as has been iriJ
timated reifxf /, as GrievMces cimtraSj fof which
yoo may espe^ farther Proof in tho next dbapttry
that iiich as work, or travel, ptealantly diverted aU
the time, are tired very little or nothing in a long
tiraej and that fome will dance whole Nights
with fweet Mufick, and agreeaUe beloved Com:^
pany, without being fo much tired, as chey
would be if they us'd the fame Mouons for a quai^
terofthe riwe without either of the p&«/>»if Diverfii.
ew. The like is to be laid of any other Pkafare^ a»
draiking a good G/j/ of gmcrous Wine every ba^
htar , or fo often as to continue the fenfe of its
FUafure at Stomach all the time they lahour or trt^
'vel ■, for 'tis a 'vuljrar Errour, (tho the univerfal
Sentiment of Mankind, both Learned and Un-
learned) That Iftne, Cordials, 6cc. do comfort,
elevate, and excite che Spirits, fas 'tis call'd) by
adding their Spirits to, or joining them with ours ,
whereas it is only by caufing a plea/ant Senjatiov^
particularly at Stomach .- For which Faradox, 1 am
obliged (tho* in great liafte to come to the Ex.
pUcarioH i^Opium) to give my Realbns, which are

tviz.
L

'»44

The 'Myfleriei

1. It cannot be imagined how 3i fenfiive Crea-
tuTCj as fiich , can conceive any Confort, or be
fenfible thereof, but by Senfatian : To fay he is
comforted, and not fenfiblc of the Comfort, is a
CmtradiQion ^ for CoTnfort^ as filch, belongs to it
perceiving Being ; and an Ammdy as fuch, per-
ceives nothing but by the Senfts ; and thereibrd
there can be no Comfort but \yf fUsfant Stnfatisn^
nay, as fuch it is his Comfort : So Mufick^ pUafant
Sightly Odours^ and agreeable Objefts of all the
Senfts, are comfortable, becaufe pUafant.- I hope"
that none will fay, That Mufick, Sights, good News,-
&c. ("which highly comfort) have any Sprits to"
add to ours : Ihe truth is. That God and Nature
have given us our Senfes for that end, and prelent
JlgfefHon in Cafts of Faintnt^^ Dejirt^on of Sptriti j
And what more proper to convey Comfort to us,
th«n what is fenilble of it ?

2. It is another thing to add by way of Nutria
tien to our Spirits, fwhich arc infenfible Things,
and therefore never properly comforted any more
than a Plants that is nourilhed as well as they :) Buc
ths fenjitivs Soul being pleafed, muft needs con-
ceive SatisfaHion, Comfort, Jay, &C. How he can
be pleafed when fentible of nothing, 1 know not ;
nor how he can be comforted without being firft
plealed, nor how pleafed but by Sjtifamn.

%. The EJfince oi AnimdCoimfort doss not coti-
f(ft in having many Spirits ; for one in moft grit-
vous Pain and Mijiry, by which he is much dil-
comforted, caft down , depreflcd in Spirit, e^c.
may have great plenty of Spirits ; and one that
has not half as many, highly comforted, by plea-
Cng 0bft3s of Sevft, good News, &c.

4. If we ftaid for Comfort by a Mtd of Aleut ^
&c. till it added to our Spirits , we might ftay
long enough ; nay, if we ft.iid for Comfort titt.

1

of O^iwm Reveaf J. 145

we found it by that Addition^ we (hoiSd nevei' find
k ; for we cannot in chat caie find what we do
not feel : We poffibly, after^two or three day^
eating and drinking^ may find our (elves ftronger ^
but f after allj (uppofe us in very great mifery at
the (amc time, Where's the Comfort of it, when
the Spirits arc otherwife depreffed by Pain^ ill
News? &c.

y. Hunger is a ^ievom Seftfatlon at Stomach ;
which is cured, and we comforted, by CAufing a
fUafant Senfation by Mtat , IVtm^ &c. inftead
thereof; and not by adding Spirits^ which is a
great Miftake. It is true indeed ^ that we are
comforted, but it is mofl: manifeflly by plcr:jfing
the ixqtrijiti Senfaticn at Stomachy which God has
placed there for that End: Hence it is that all
Cordials mull be picafing to the Stomachy or elfe
they are no Cordials •, and that Wine, and all fich
Things as pleafe the Stomach , are ape to take
away much of the Sharpvcf of Hunger^ lor a time
at leaft.

6. How fhould W^w, which has a great Aci*
dity in it^ and fo very good for Bigefiion^ cure a
canine Afpetite, which is a grievous Sfvfaticn^ but
by caufing a plealant one in its room , by which
mc^ns thQ grievous Senfation is taken off? For Plea-.
fwrt Sind^rievance ^ (or Difpleafure) wl^ich are
Cw/r^iej, cannot be in the fame SuhUB ?t one
time. Thus it is that Opium takes, off Hs$igtr^
canine Appetite^ &c. B^^t of this hereafter.

7. How ihouid a Qiart of Wincj drank %r\ a
minute or two, have all the comfortable EfftHs of
U^ne in a charter of an hour whi^e it is at Stomtjcb^
if ic were to Itay for this Comfort till it added
Spirits to ours, fince the -^matter of Effluvia^ or
Fumes paffing into the Bloud, is disproved ?

L 8.Why

14^

The Myfleries

any

8. Why llrou'd our Cimfort be fo great while it
is at Stom,:i'j, and none by that time it is got inro
the Bloii/I, but that the Sumtcb being very feiifilc,
the Spirits of the /f/« do highly plciJe t^ theiv
rf^^r«ai/rwfj? thereunto,' It matters not whether
it had Spirits or iio,fo it cauied a flffitg Saifatim ^
for a Draught o( tVater in a higU Fevtr, and when
we arc very fiint with Thirji, very much comforts
us without any Spirisi, as does a Venilbn-Pafly a
hungry Pcribn, by agretabU S cnfatien tskm^ofi
tVitirievsus ^fw/d/wi (called Hunger) and all its
conlequcm Faintnels, &-c. before it can add any
Sfirits by Nutrition.

9. What need we leek any farther ? Do
we find a. fltapng SmfatisM at Stomachy when -- ,
are comforted widi any thing, and the Comfort to
bear a Preportiov to the fltafwe?

I o. Are not we prempt^ hlithe, gay,, and hr»-at^
while the IVmc is at Stomsu.b ? And veiy often fit
lor nothing, duU, heuvy, mcfijli, gcc, by that lime
it is got into the Bloua ?

Therefore we mayfafcly tonclude, That (he
Ssititt of the J^w do comfort us, by caufing a
pcajing Smfatien, and not by adding its Spirits to
ours, according to the fettled Sentiment ■ of the
Worldj that is not yet arrived to tlie Learning or
Kninvkilgt why the mod common Cordial com-
forts them. What Spirits has a Grain of O^titm,
while at Stomach, to add to ours; or can it add,
if it had them ? Yet no IVme comforts us as much
a| Opium, becaufe it pleafe; us lb much, (as wa$
and wilt be yet much more fully lhewn.j _

Noff, That t>elldei what was faid of the 6119*^
voufiietsof the three ContraSiom, totite ihz tmimal
or/infiive Snul, he is much depreUand caft dQWj\
Ljion the Perct-ption o( CrUvamcs^ as Hnrtgrrj

fMB^ ic. Bccaulb tliey, 1 . Alfect him with (jrir'

I

And Difpkafitre, and ConfeqUendy widi Difcmfbfr,
Jbmuj^ fee. becade of die itry DoUmr. t. Widi
Can and SolkUnde bow to be nd of it. 3. With
the Toil of Defenfrve Cantraffm to eodcaVour if.

All which cades Melancboh^ Defr^flm of Spirits^
Tfifillammitj^ Ferturbatims^ Frets^ Difcompojure, Dif^
fatiifaShn^ Anxietjy Solkitudcy PeevlJImeJi, Dijcom*
f4^iy Difcmfoft$^ Liftlefiufi^ Sec. as yM ice id
mdtk as are iw^grj^*^ or id Pain ^ to which if y^u
add the Fatigue and EffeHs of the Hefenfive Can-
traShn^ and the Inttntivi^ as far as it is exerciied
for Si^-frefirvatiw in this Cale^ you may (db&t*
iridg what his been laid) eafily iblve ail the PbenoM
m$em^s ofjtrietms StnfaticB^ and as eafily conclude
what mutt be the Pbenomtna^s and EffMs ofptea^
fim Soffatian^ by the Rules of Contraries^ viz. So*
tiffaQim, good Hummr^ Eafe^ Comfort^ Ovation of
S^its^ Relaxation, d$C« of which we ire going tt

(peak«

_i ^ I r i -^ . , •- -- ■ ■ ... . ^ ^

t n GHAP.

148 The Mjffteries

CHAP. XIV.

Of the Nature of Senfitive Pkafnrej and itsr
EffeSs upon the Animal^ as far a$ it' con^
cerns our frefentFurpofe.

SEnfitive Tleafure is a Comflacencj cf the fenfitlve
Scu\ refultivg from the AgreeMenefiof the ObjeSt
to the Organ <f Senfatum : Thus are wepleaied wicb
what is agreeable to the Eye^ Ear^ ^W^j Stcntacb,
&a And what is agreeable to thofe Organs^ is
agreeable to the Animal in general : u Becaufe
Cod has made and appointed them f efpecially the .
finfik Membrane at Stomach) to be as it were the
Touchftone of what is agreeable to the AmmaL
2. Becaufe the Membranes (or Organs) stxc of the
(ame aBive Princhles with the Animates Body in
general ; otherwile they would not be fit Tajiersy
Triers^ or Toucbfiones of what is good or bad for
the Body in general.

Now the aSive Principles of the Membranes^ (or
Organs) are Volatile Salt and eily Parts^ or a Sal
Volatile Oleofum^ which is predominant in them^
and all the Parts of the Body ; therefore fuch
Things as have a Volatile Salt joinM with Ibme
oily PartSy muft be in a fpccial manner agreeable
and pleafing to the Membranes, j for fmile fimili
gaudeat\

Hence it is, That what abound in Volatile Salt,
:ls Snails^ Earthworms^ and Things oi thsit kind^
are (uch fine Anodynes ^ and lb pleafing to the
AIen?'^ranes^ &c. That the Seed of Animals^ which
is a S J Volatile Qleofum , and Things of that na-
lire, as Onions^ Garlicky Rocket^ Sives, Bears Gar^

lid.

of Opium Rez/earc/. 14^

w6, Oyjters^ Cockles^ Shallot^ &c. do ib pleaie and
tickle the Venereal Membranes^ and thereby excite
Venerj^ and that foch Things are generally fe
very agreeable to the Stomachy f with which we
are mainly concerned;, as the Chief Judge of what
is agreeable to the jinimal) and i^ main Ingre-
dients of Rdhjlies^ Sauces , &c to render' them
plealing to it.

Here it is obvious to f^e^ f what is al(b very
* commonly obferved ) . That the moft pleafing

Things to the Stomachy Vemreal Membranes^ &C.
have thofe Tmciples more aftive , warm , and
ticklings than the Membranes thcmfelvcs^ becaufe
<hefenj$tiv3 Soul is highly picaled with what fine-
ly aduates, tickles, and caules an OVarion of tb«
' Spirhus ihfiti of the Membranes. Hefice bare
Warmth is fo very pleafing, as are alfo gentte
Brl£Hons of the Heady Back^ &:c. for the fame
Reafons.

I. The oily Parts (as all know) <3o pleafe the
Feeling ( with which we have to do ) by thejj:
imooth , gentle , and loft touch. Thus Milk,
Emulfions, and other ylnoJynes^ as the Root and
Flower of Water Llly^ White Lily, &c, become
agreeable to the Memirams^ and therefore relax
and eafe Tain. Hence it is that all Miments have
an agreeable ^weetneft, the Pleafiire whereof
-lakes offthe grievous Senfation called Hunger.

But the Vleafurt of oily Parts, becatife they do
not lb actuate, ftir, and titillate the Spiritusinfiti^
is but flat, flow^ and dull, without they are join I
' with Ibme other Particles that are pleafing to thfe
Membranes y that a^uate and finely' titillate ihe
Membranes^ and Spiritus infuit therefore to make
them highly and charmingly pleafing, they IKould
have joinM <hBrewid>,

ijo The Myfieries

2. VelatiU Salt being a morO tiBhe 4^tM
frincifUy wliich may finely and pleafingly excite,
iAauCt titillate, and caule at) Ovation in the
Spiritm h/itii as Qiiom, (*rc. at StomntbyStmt Ant-
r»il, upon the t^tnaenl M^mhanei, C^f.

But, as was Ciid of the Qil/ Tarn, That they
Cannot cjule fo exalted a PUafure without the
VoUtile Si'le^ fo the VoUtilt Salt alone, or too
little qualified, antj finooth'd oyei' vyith Oily
p4rts, is too rude, pungenc^ or acrimonious, as
in Cuntharidci, Hen, ViJ'mire^ jifarabacra, Sftar-
iforiy Crowifoor, and other l^amitorj l^olatiles, which
becomes fo by over-ftinging the Membrami, and
ftirring the S/)ir^«j »»/«/ oveniiuch intoa fort of
f«''j', jnftead of an agrttabU Ovation.

It follows therefore, That it is neither Qily Tartt
alone, which if coo much, often naufeate^ tlie
Stomachy nor f^olatUe Salt alone, no nor every
Mixture thereof, but a certain due Proporiicn of
both, fo as to have the (Volatile Salt fomcwhaj
ti\ore predominant than in our Membranes, thac
It may conifortably ailuate^ ti'.iliatt, and txcile
our Spirici, as JV^imitb, Fricatiotis, ^c, do, muH
t.tule the vno^ thjr?nhsg apd exalted PUafure ; For
Tilings cxaiflly of the lame Jegrte of Oil and
I' Utile Salt^ with Our Alemhranei^ can caufe but ^
ilow Smfatm, becauft (hey make little or no Mte-
'r.Jtioti therein, which is one of the great Rtquijhet
o( ScnfatiiH ; for that which makes no Alterations
^s the ■S'^/ivii in the Mouth, the i^urAdegntot Light
that is in the Eje^ of Sound asin the Ear already, &-e.
b innot tie pcrceiv'd, becaufe where no Difference
I) made, nothing can be perceiv'd, for the Organ
i> aflaiied but aS it was before the ObjiQ was oC
fcr'd, and confcquently we cannot perceive that;
any new thing was objeifted, and therefore cati-
ijot be at all fenfible thereof; ff) if it maJics h\\t

1

I

of Opium Reueatd. 151

a ftiall Ajyir.wf, (he 5f«/ifwM c-ui be but How,
.ind llight Pioportionably, as of a lirtle degree oi'
J^tght more than is in tlia Eye, <^c. for it is only
tliat lUtlc chat is nerceiyed j for (as 15 notorious
to all who ttnderrtand any Thing of (heie Mat-
ters ofr Senfation) it is only tlie Exctft of ImprfJ/hn
to what W4S upon the Organ before, thjt is per.
ceived ; for tlut is all tlut is new above wliat vf^s
thereon before, and therefore all (hat is to be, oi-
can be perceived moi e than vt/as before C^s vyas
laidj Henci It is, that Flejlt or other Things, thijc
have the %!.l^obiile Oknfnm, or the faiiic I'rin-
ciplii, thar the Memlfanes of the Slam^icb, Venc.
red Partly 0-(:. have, in much the ianie drgrte^
affeft them but with a gencle VUafiire. Thcr?.
fore we muft hivs fucli a mixture wnercin the
VoUtile Sal!, as in Serine Anmali, 0/ihas^ &c, is
fcnfibly more ai^ive than in our Mcmh-Mnei, to
ad^te the Spiriius i'lf.t of Khi MtrTibrjnet ^ and
Caufe an Oration therein, which is (aswjs Qid
of Comfortable IVarmtb, F'-kaiioas, &C) Very
, agreeable and pleafanc to the St«fi:ivt Soul^ who
looks upon fiich as fnsndly and aftive Auxliiaries
to our Spiri:s, whereas the other are as Liz,y
Fricndi, wherein he t.ikes not the lifts Oimph-
ctncy ; You may perceive much of the Difference
in this Cafe in MnjJuan, (r>r new unfirtnctied
frmeij. which indeed do lazily pleafe by their
acceftal/lc fwmnefs, but do not (o 'iduate liie Sjt't-
ricus inji-'i as the iimz'OUji Pum when rendered
aSivt, J'pirit/iaat, and nearer the Nature of aifnil
Hear after Fermentstion ; wWch then being very
readily a.5iuated by the Ue^it of the Stomui:h^ do
briskly and chearfully return the KiWw/i by acia-
ating our Spirits, and putting them into a piejfiiig
Qvttim, of which I could give you a very pat
an4 pregnant InfUnce in a Thing aduMed into *
a yery high degree of plealing by Fncation and
L 4 Aiiia

1 5 2 The Myfteries

A^itation^ which was otherwife altnoft inf^nnblc ;
but Modcfty forbids me.

Note^ How the fluggifh Oily Par^ in Mufiums
do, by being fpifitualiz^d by Fermentationy as it
were, fupply the place of Volatile Salt \n aBuat"
/»^, and in fome mealure titillathg^ tho'notto
that high degree as the more foinant Volatile fait
in Semine Viriliy and the like^ becaufe the Sulpha^
reoits Oily Particles, however (eparated, dilgrc*
gated, and fet at at liberty by Fenmptati&ny re-
tain much of their (moothnels, and never can
^trrivc at the tiiiUatiftg Power ol Volatile Salts^ a$
is endfent in Ampbroaifiacks upon the Account of

Volatile Saks, as Cantharides, Bees, Pifmire, O'c.

which Wine in loo times the quantity pannot e-

qua! in TitiUation. .

Nor is It enough to have the Sal Volatile Olee^
fum duely qualified, as to the Quantity and Qjfalitj
of both the Oily aind Saline Parts^ and thpfc pre-
dominant^ and of a fine brisk and gently tickling
A^ivityj

But the OleoMs and Salino Volatile Parts ftould
(to make a compleat and permanent Pleafer of
the Membranes) be very intimately comt:)inedj fo
as not eafily to feparace one from the other, q-
therwife they will not duely corifpire and co-ope-
rate to caufe the Pleafire^ but the Volatile Salt ViV\
'^d Separately as fuch, that is irritating^ and not
finely and pleafimtly Tickling, as $emep Huma*
num, &c. wherein the Oil anjd Volatile Salt ar^
firmly join'd together.

1 therefore conclude, That the mpf^ excellent "
Thing to t>leafe the Membranes^ mijft befbchas

Sjm?t afhfa?Afff^ thit i$, not too Oilu (for then

of Opium Reveatd. 1 5 3

it would aot fufficiently pleafe by a fine TuiUa-
tim, and aduating of our Spirits) nor too full of
t^olatile Salt, as Mu^arJ, Afart^acca, &c. nor
have too accrsmanhiii a Volatile fait with too little
OUcus Paris to correift it, for in botli theic laft
CaJes the lyritetion wodd be grin/cus ; nor have
the Oleous and Vuhtile loolely combined. But,

That it fijould be a Sal VvlatiU Okofum, where,
tn the Volatile Parts are brisker ^ and fomnvhat more
rM'eve than ours, yet fo correihd by OIcous Parts
intimately ernihimd tbereivitb, as to render it <f a
mo^ egreeahle and fleafimt TiitUaTion, fucb^ tvoald
fleefe all Memhanet, hut efptcUiBy thoft that bavt
molt aecute Senfatim, as the Stomach, and Vene-
real Membranes, (both which O^mw moft fen-
(ib!y pleafes) which are ordered (o to be forPrc-
fervation of the Individuiim, and Specks, tlie one
to irjvice us to Eat, and the other to PrBcreate ;
But to falisfte you yet fartiier, as to the Stomachy
whichconcerns us moftly,

Note I. That the more exalted and inte?sfe the
Vhafure is, the higher are its EffMt upon the Sen.
Jitive Soul in pleafingt comforting, and elevating
it ; and upon the Body., in relaxing all the Senfik
Vartt (hereof, as that of Wim is higher than that
of Mufium^ &c.

Nate -2. That the better the Of^-wi is dilpofed
for Senfalicn, the higher the Pleafure or Diffleafure
is ; for he that has his Nofe, Tongue, Ear, Adtm-
hranes, &c. ill difpofed for Smelling^ ^^fii>'£. Hear-
ing, Feelings &c. has not fo much Pleafurt in fweet
OiUkrs, good 7fl/?«, Mufick^ Pleafers of the FteU
ingt&e. norfomuch Di/pleafureitthid SctnlSy&e.

Xi follows,

Note 3."

b.

»54

The M/fteries

Nolt ;. That cujui t^t DoUr tjufdtm t^VolupJt,
chat is, the ?art or Membrane chat is capable of
htttnfe PUafuTe, is Co of intenfe Pain or Dijflenfiire.
For Injfance, U the Stomach be capable of great
GrOT^wctj, ic is fo of great Plcxfurt, God hiTJog
diftributcd them alfo equally.

Nofc 4. That, fines the great Uf-, EnJ, and
Biipttft of Senfation, is to give «p;(t«, and inform
the Animal of what is, or is ntx good and a-
greeaWe to it, ic follows, that the (Vifiom that
made ls would place the moft exquidtely anc]
critically difpofed O^^ao (or Membrane) of Sen-
fation, where iuch netiee js mofl requifite and pf?-
ful ; andconfequcntly there mull be more Pkajkri:
or DlfsUafure conceiv'd at Tilings agreeable or
disagreeable , that the detcending and relieving
Hotum and Comfort^ may be proportionable.

Note 5. That fuch exqiiilite, exa£t, and nic«-
Notice is molt requilice at Siomich.

Firfi^ Becaiife all our Nutriment, good and!
bad, is to pa£ that Way to be Judged ot; *

Seiindly, Becaufe it is the lall Part that it ar-
rives at before it receives a conllderable change;
for when it is changed, no fuch true and (incere
yudgment can be given thereof, as could be be-
fore.

ThirMyy Becaufe the Faults, Defeifts, oi' Negli-
gences of the 7*/(, and the External Senfei, arc
to be remedied and correfted there, or no where,
therefore the Stomach is as the laft Judge of Ap,
pal, and fhouJd be mofl exaA and infallible in
Judging \ or as the laU inner, or Mdin Guard in a
fort, TiiMW, or Ca^le, which if the Enemj paiSj
cbc whole is endanger'd, if npt loft.

Fbarthly, Eecaufc the Concern being fo great,
Senlation Hiould be the more exquiflte there, to
«at« the Ammal Pewers to make Defence, by
■ repel

o/ opium B^eveatJ. 155

repelling , rcjefiing, or detniding the Enemy^
which Powers (as has been intimated) are excited
according to the Jegret of Smfation, efpecially
feeing there is no voluntary Pewer^ or CantraSim
of the Stomach, but only the NaturJ, which is
always excited by Stnfatim in fuch Cales, or not
at all.

Fifthly^ Sulfation Ihould be criiUal and accurate
at Stomach, to inform us precifely when-we fhould
Eat or Drink.

. SiMblj^ To inform us cxa^ly when we have
Eaten or Drank enough } for all this is done by
SenfatioH.

Therefore God has placed a mofl Senfile Mem-
iiTMte at the Stomach, as raoft manifeftly ap?
pears;

Fir^, By its taking* and giving notice of fuch
Minute Thingi, thit no Senfe, Part, Organ, or
Aitmhrane can ; for it rakes mtkt of, and informs
the Stnfiiive Soul (as has been faidj of the Vomj-
tory Particles of the Crectti and Rcgului of j^ntl'
?nony, which are fo indefinitely fmiU, that no o-
iher Mtmbrant or Organ of Senfation, but that at
Stomach, can take notice thereof, becaufe the
precHs and Regalus, after they have afforded looo
t^omiis from their Bodies, are not ftnfibly dimi-
pifhed either in IFeight or Bulk ; nor doth the
Stomach take and give a flight, but very remark-
able mtice thereof, that is lufficiently powerfiil to
excite not only alt the Natural Powers of the
part, and of all the Auxiliary MufiUi that ufually
affift to Vomit, but to caufe a ContraUion (and
^at very often ftrodgly Convulfive) of all, pr
moft of the MufcU$^ and MenManes of thq whpie
^^y» ^^ ^^^^ is the S-ujay^ or i^egime'^ of the
iStcr^acbj by Virtue oi its tx^ui^e /en^lj,

' SeaoaMy,

«5<

The Myfifries

SeronJly, By its giving notice of mimieom Pmr-
tielti, and very tenuious Effinviat^ that fly in the
Ait, which no Organ of Senfatiovj or Mimbrane,
b(it that at Stominb, can obfen'e. For Infiamt^
Some that hate Cats very much, will know, that
there is a Cat in the fame Room with them, tho'
lilent, and fiiuc up in a Trunk or CupharJ, where
neither the Eye^ Ear, Nafe,, T.ijle, or immediate
Feeling^ Can be at all concerned or aflefied.
That It is the Stomjch that is affe^ed, is apparent,
(tho' a Thing not thought of; J i.Becauie the
firft notice they hive is plainly at Stomach by a
a kind of faint Dijircft^ not unlike a bsginning '
Naufea ; If the Curious will enquire, they will
find it to be as I fay. 2. Bccaufe all Perception of
Mareiial Things is by Senfution, and that it is
evident no oiher O^^Jiof 5fw/irmj, ox Mimbranc,
is concerned. 3. iTecaule, if the Cat continues
in the Room, and is not removed, they fill a
Vomiting, or into Anxieties or great Di/nfftj ^t
Stomach, Or Fa'mtingt and Sym»pes, which are the
common and known Effcih of a grieved or op.
prefled Stomach.

Juft (b does it (tho' thefe Things are not,
not duely obferved) take, and give notice of Pt-
fiilemiai Effluvtas^ which cau(e the like Fainihig'j
or a kind of Naufea at Stomach \ Thus People
difcern that they are (as they call it) T'lagttefiruck,
and oftBn fall (as in the Cafe of the Effuvitu of
the Cat) into dangerous Delifuiunts and Syneopet^
of which many in Phgue Times fuddenly dye,
as Cat Haters would (for ought 1 know) if they
continue long in the lame Room with a Cat, as
they do with Pi^iUntial E0uvias\ Thereibre it
were good prelently to remove them from the
fUct wherein they were ftruck, becaufe the ^ir
(as the XwM wherein the Cat is) is fillM with the
peitii-

"fl

of opium ReveaPJ. 157

petnicious P^tucles; for you fee in the Caleof j
the Cat) that removing the Man or the Co; gives 1
KelieT, and it were better removing the Man, but f
that he is more Cumberfom, becaule the Rotm i
is already tainted with the EffluviM, and in tEic 1
Cafe of the Plaiut it is only the Perlbn that can
be well removed. This proves how ufeful Re- j
morals may be, and how convenient in Planit 1
Turn it would be to remove to the Wind-fide of a 1
Toiim or City that is tainted, according as thl
Wind changes, and how convenient iVindi -,
to convey away the E^uviam, and' good S
machick Cordials, that are wann and pieala___,
CO fortifie the Stomncb^ and open the P«-», whidii 1
all Things that caule a fenle of Pleafurt do, ^
WW, Spiriti, &e. to which if fome good Prefix
ration of Opium were added, it would ba raoft i
convenient. How many Sionei have we of Pec- J
fons well fill'd with IFine, who wonderful^
elcaped IttfeBim j 1 pray God tliis Him may t
impi'ov'd to the Prefervation of Mankind ; Theri
fore 1 add, that much may be in a good ^^ti^
of H^mt in this Cale; i. BecauTe, i^d intm i^l
fTehilftt ditnum^ that is. What it -witbin hinden is.J
grtff of anelLer Tbin^. i. Becaufe the PerfpirS' -
tioa will be [he greater, both upon the Account
of the greater opening of the I'uw by the PUa.
fiure of the Wi'K, and the greater Quamitj of
Matter to be peifpired carry ofi' the i.'enimoK
Tarticlti. j. Becaufe the Sfjji'jft; i'W is thereby
much comforted, refreilied, and invigorated ;
but 1 would have the Wme fo ufed, as to keep a
continual Warmth, Pleafurt, and Comfort at Sto-
mach, which is the main Canfe of all the good ;
I think a Glafi every Hour, after taking a or ;
At firft, may hit the Mark bcft, the Reafon of
uhicb will appear htreafcei .

Third!;,

158 The Myftertes

Thirdly, The Stomach's exquifte Dijfofuion 10
Stnfation^ above all other Organs and Memhimes^
appears by this, viz. That the Offences of the
other Orgarii of Stnfation (even by their propcf
OhrjtSi) do often aflfci* the Stenuub more than
thofe very Smfei or Organi themlelves. For In.
fiance. If vfe findl a great Stench, the St(ima$b ti
often more offended thereat than the Nafe^ as ii
manifeft from the yomitingi^ Faintings^ and Ddi.
^tttumi that are cauTed by the Stomach upon that
Acmat \ fo the bare Saing, Feeling, and Tafiing
of a nafty Thing, do caufc Naufeas, &c. at Sto.
mtcb, yea, the very naming of iiich Things has
much offended ir, and cauf^ iiich EfftUs^ which
may be thought very ftrange, confideiing that
there pa£ no Efflmiai from th-zfiund of Pforii^
but the ^afon will appear in the ftdlowing PAr/f

Fourthly^ All Pajfioni, Commollims, and Perrw
^Mtioni, tliat happen in the Body, do often a0e^
the Stomach, and Ibmeihnes fo grievouOy, as to
caufe Naufeas, Vomitings^ great Anxietitt at Sto-
much, Fainting', &c. Thus Fear, Terrour, Surfrizts^
Anger, Grief, Pain in other Parts, &c. caufing
(bme Motion in the Animal more than ordi-
nary, (of which the Stomach being fenfible) do
caufe the aforefaid Diflurbances ; Therefore it t>
no Wondir, if the Hearing one memion a Nafty
Thing, which caufes an Abhorrence, and the Mo-
tions confequent thereunto, Ihould (as was faid
in the precedent Paragrafh) caufe the nice Stomach
to be offended.

It is moft manifeft from the Premifes, that no
Organ or Membrane, Can compare with the Sto.
mack, as to its ex^aifite Difpofititn for Senfation j ic
fellows then,

That

H of Opium Reveard, 15^

H» Thai Crievmeti er Tkafrnt at Slomacli timfi have
^ft ilf greater Efftift \

I. Bccaufe the Intenfenefs of either will be
proportionable ro the Smfation.

z, Becaufe the Powers of the Animal that are
10 defend it (whidi are Contraifioni) areaffeded
according to ilie Senfation, and that it is there moft
leqoifite fenfibly to afTed them.

3. Becaufe what alTeds the Stomach influences
the whole Animal^ more than the Stnfatkn of
any other Part.

4. Bccaufe of tiie confiderable Stay that Things
make at Stomach to cauft GrievaTice or Pleafure^
whereas that of Tleafure is generally very momco-
ury in other Cafes.

f> BecauTe, being within the Bfdy^ we carry
our Pleafuri or Crie'vance with us, (as a ^ade Ait.
eum) wherever we go, and therefore,

6. It is a PUafuTt^ &c. that cannot fb well be 1
taken away from us, as that of the "tongue. Ear, -j
M/i, Eyt, Cfc. may, by removing the Objeils ; and I
therefore it remains with us in our very SUcp^ as I
far as we are capable of Senfation at that Time, ]
causing plealant Dream, &e, and fo agreeably
entertaining us Sleeping or Waktng, when the Plea-
lure of all the other 5«i/fj fails us. Wliich will

k appear farther hereafter.
The VUafure at Stomach excclls even thai of
^tnery, if not in hten^enefi, yet in ieveral other Re-
1 1. BecAufe of ii3 ihiratlcn^ that of Vems being
tnunumary^ but tlui of W7n( at Slernach lails a
good wliiie, and that of Opium many hours, *tis

CVe iliac the f|f>i7/ of thefe Two are more
k-iblc ?nd rjlt;n notice of.

1^0 The M^fteries

2. Becaufe, that at Sr^mnr^ may be cominoed
as long as we pleafe^ by a new inpply of i7!«f^
Opmm^ Cordials, &c.

3. Becaufc ic may be excited^ when, and as
often as we pleale, if we have chofe Cor^ds at
Hand.

4. Becaufe ic is not attended with any Expence
of Strength^ Defreffm of Spiriis^ &€. as chat of
Venery^ but the qdte contrary, vk^ with more
VigouTy Ekvatkn of the Spirtts^ &e. one being
by Em$£ion, add the other upon Admijpm of what
is agretabk.

It is for the federal Reafons contained in tht fre*
mfes, that the Effls&s of Grievance, as WmgeTytl^.
or Tleafurey are more confiderabh and remofhMe
at Stomach, and that Things agreeable thereto
have, by way of Eminence, gain'd the Name of
Cordials j That Wine, Spirits^ Ooium, €^c. dp
cade a more permanent and notable Gtuty^ Plea*
fantnefs. Good Humonr, Serenity^ Tromptitude, O.
vation ef the Spirits, (or Senfitive Soul) Bravery^
Courage, Magnanimity, Enpbory, or eafie under*
going of Bufinefs, Relaxation^ with all its Ef^ifts,
as Deadneft of the Eye, Dilatation of the VafWa^
Terfphration, &c. which are hardly noted in other
fimt Pleafitres, unlefs it be in that eminent (cho*
fhort) one of Venus, which is a Pkafure of the
fame fenfe of Feeling y sis that of Opium and fVine
are.

Therefore pliafing the Stomach is one of the-^
greateft Things to be regarded in the ?ra£Hce ofTS
Phyfick^ to Comfort, Sadsfie, or Compofe the^
Spirits ; by which Means' I have often performed^
fuch Cures, that neither I, nor (I fuppofe) any
other, could otherwife perform, namely, DejvSlL
ons (f Appetite, Untowardnefi at Stomachy &c.

vvhej

of Opium ReveaVd. 1 6 1

when A\\ the ordinary and ufual Me^ns tiave
failed, by asking them whatthey moftly defired
or loflg'd for, and letting them have it \ or if
they could not tell of any Thing that they long'd
for, I have mendoBcd to iheni all the Relilliing
Things chat I could think of, and fuch as were
gratclul to the Stomach, till they falten'd upon
Somewhat that they liked or fancied, and then
bdng given them> it generally had chedefiied
Succels.

The Stomtuh is grieved (for it will concern us
to know how, becaaieO/'wmcaulesK6m/»»£, &c.')
generally fpeakttig ;

1. By Thing! hard of Digtfl'un, as heavy Brtad,
Mupffomj, R^m, and fuch like.

2. By Things acrimoniim or pungent • as Vomi-
tories of j^farahacca, GrounJfil, S^uills^ S>LC. which
abound with f^clatiU [ah.

3. By Things that jikk to the Stomachy whtctl
often caufe moft difmal and tedious Vomitings, ■
and (when they fail to relieve, by rejefltng the
gfieving Matttr) H'ccougbi^ Atxiaiei, Jiiltrejjes^
Spcopei, and (bmetimes fatal Succambeicits, jV^.
tare and all Endeavour failing to work any farther
for the Animal'i Relief \ Thefe Thinj^s happen
moft commonly when indigeftiWe Rofm flicks to
the Scomachy elpecially if they be join'd witli
any Pungent, l^J.uilt, or /icrini'iniom Particles. -
Hence It is, that R'.finsm Vomits are quite banilh'd
nut of the VruBice of Phjjlck, and ic were well
if ReJinoKt Purgers were fo aifbf efpecially (Iich aS'
have conliderable Acrivimy^ unlefs given with tha
Tflk of an Egg) LixiviJi^ or in Tiniiurea, with
Spirituous Things to keep chc Rcfimus Particles from
Coalefcena^ and adhering to the 'itomacb, &c.

M

I. Notif

itfi T/jeMyfteries

1. Njff, (for we ftiall h^ve fome Occaffon for
k) That Rcfiiioiis Things, join'd with I^olmiU ir-
ritating Panklci, have, all the ill Qualuies afore-
mentinned* i''^- llarJmfi of Digcfiion, Apiiudt
to fiick to the Stomach, and VilatiU Particles to
irritate and tear its Coats all the limeihty fo fiiek
to it ; and therefore (uch Things have difmal
EfcSs, efjiecially in weak 5;n«B-cij that cannot
l>'gejt them.

2. Note, That the Dtfirejjl-s at Stomach, cjiifed by
a grievoui Senfatton, are ot Two (brts; i. Such as
are the %ndeimouTs of Nature, or the Smjiiitje
Soul, in Defence of the Animal, as all P'omitingt^
P'"'gin^i, ConvulJiMs^ Hiccough i, Throw i^ Strug,
glfgi, Agitations, Qomrnliions, Watcbingt^ (^e.
which are accompanied with Melancholy, Fretful-
Tttfs^ iU Humour, (j-c. becaufe of the Grievance.
2. Such as follow the Yielding and Succumbency
of Nature, or the SenJiii'iieSoul, after being tired
and over-born by tlie Fatigue of Definfivt Con-
tyaSio/s ^ a Fuimings,'DiJlre^eSy Agomei, Sjnc6j>es,
and Leipoth^miei.

^.Note,'tha.lSyncefits,OTLeipothfmieJ,zreCA\lfsd
by the Senjitifve Soul's being over-born, (as Was
ftid) tired, and /pent, and giving over his fruit-
ieis ContraQians, I^fenfive, and t^igilative, upon a
fudden, as being to no Fwpofe, as he does gently
and gradually give over y'igilati-je ContTaiiion to
caule Sleep J lb that Sjnccpes are only greater,
fiiddener, and more ablbltite DereliHions of the
whole Concerri of ContmEisons : Hence it is, that
Perfptration is greater in Spcopei or Lstpvthjmies
than in Sleeky the Z-jA/f/ of the Corma and the
whols Body greater, the Feeling Ie£, or quite
gone, that all Moiiom become much Howerj or
none, by the want of Comfnjfion of the Animal
Spirits, and difmal DereliSioni of all CentrrMions by
ihe Setifitive Soi^ Hence it is, that all the Elfc^sof
iktf are yet greater in Syncopes. 4. Uott,

I

I mtiff J

ng <ti3K>l
i», ancT'l

of Opium kevea/^J. i S^

4.. Wjff, TKa: chcrefora it ftcms, all the Dife.
tenet between Ske^, and a lAipotbytny, is, that in
this the Senpii've Soul quite throws the Reins of
ContraQiom aWay, and in SUefi keeps hold thereof
and only lets tliem l^fe, and as RcfiQkn is nude^
ilraighcens (hem more ami more, till they conld
to the Digree of VigiUtive Can[r,:ljhin, which per-

feaiy awakes them ; Theretbre Sleep growj
flighter toward Morning, becaufc CvntreQim gra,
dually comes orlr Here you may fee (but I ni
ftop left I run too far) why every Thing ii
Cacfes ContreGion of the Senfile Pai ts, as Pain^ a
all Grievancij^ are apt to awake People, and kee(i^rl
them fa, as ReUxen caiiie Sieef^ and concinui r
it

f. J*ff, That fho^ 1' have particularly (ppfceij '
of the S.imach, as being moft concernM, and the
bcft Example of any Membrane, yet do not I ex."
elude any Membrane from being c.ip^ble of P/w*
fire by the like Things.

jis for the EpSs of Vleaftm ufm ih: Ser-fai-vl
Saul^ I have upon feveral Occalions (aid, or in-
timated enough concerning tliem j and even thd
f^ulgar knoWj that Pleefare^ or being p'ealedj
makes People good, anti gay humour'd j That it
elevates the Spirits, railing Courage, (as Witjrf ^^
tioesj and en^ibles every Animal to Labour, or,
Travel ths better, as Hjrfct by the Sound of
BeSs, efpecially if turrjble, and in Cunsp^nj with
amther Harfe [hat ihey have a kitldneS for ; How"

SoUieri March nrore eaftiy U'ith A/i-rry i

<bac are full of J'^'i and pkafam S'iJ<-jei, or with
DttOm^ Irumpett^ Kettle Drumi, hiauiiioyi^ and
cttfier Miftck that pleafc the Ear ; How muclt
more brUk and blith are we in a f,iir Sun^lnt:.,
which pleales the Eye, than ftt other tima ? Somft

t (according to the r*/i/.vr Erroiir) that it
M 1 is

1^4

The Myfleries

is the Goodnefs of the /Sir does it ; but it is plainly
otherwife, lor you find the change moft remark-
able in your (elf juft upon going out of Doort into
ihe Sun Ihine, whereas you had the fame *^'r in
your Chamber ; nor is that fine Lightnefi of Hu.
mour to be found, if it be Cloudy, tho' the Air be
better, as may be obfervd by the nuromettr^ and
other li^eather.GlaJfei; nor in the Night Time, nor
where the Sun does not come, nor are blini'
People fo affeiSed, therefore it is the Pltefure
(he bright Satifhme that caufes it.

If Mean, Slight, Tranfient, and External Tlea-
fuTis^ caufe fuch EffeBi-, how much moie then

will an inlenft, mernal^ and cfititinaeJ Pleajure^
npon the moft exquificely difpofed Pari for Sen.
fation of alt the whole Bajj, which is mninly de-
fign'd for thofe Purpofes of PUafing and Comfert-
iig, to invite us to nourith our felves, and to (a-
tisfie thefwi/iJ/tf Senfationt of Hunger anAThirfi
by the PUafurt of Meat and Drink, fuch PIrafanc
Effefls ? Thus the Prctfuhtfi, Ptivijhiifs, ill Htt-
rt7Qur, Mtlancholy^ Pufillanimity, Inaptitude, and Li^-
nifnefs, tiiat attend the grievens Henfation of Hun.
gtr, are taken off, and cured, by the flenfant Str-
fation that a good Meal, or fome Gh^a of H^ine,
do caufe J Hence it Is that we cannot Sleep when
Hungry^ becaufe grievoMS Senfariun contraifls the
Senme Parity and arc apt to it after Meals (the
Pleafiire of which relaxes us) if we fit, or lie
quietly, and lilently ; but if we do not, we are
more lively, and fit for Bullnefs. hjiatices of this
Kind are fb numerous and notoriaut, that 1 need
fay no more of the EfeSh of Plcajare^ in caufii
Z goad Humour^ Elevation <f tLt SpiriSt, Satiifa
en, Centem, Comfofure^ &c.

or '

I

0/ Opium ReveaN. 1 6$

h it poffihle that one ftiouid be highly pieeftJ^
and not take Comfirt therein ; tjke C.-w/'ur/, and
not be ticvttted in Spirir^ well latisfiedj and con-
tented ?

"ITierefore it is firan^t^ and very firangs, that
People Ihould leave IVine, CorAiili, Mmts^ Spi-
riti,&c. aiftually, and fcnfibly pleadng, fiiisfying,
and coraibrtingusat Stomacli, (where tliere is a
Mimbram moll exquiilcs'y difpoled for Stnfation)
md ruti after ¥Hm:i and E0l;tvi.u, (rlut were
never in our Cafe in being) to the Brain, or
li'eitJ, th.ic have no ienfe to eiitcrt;iin [hem. and
coniequenrly can receive no [mfiliU Comfn-i by
them ; If this bs not (eeking a l^e^Me in a Botile
of lUy, wiiere it never was, when it Dicks moft
lenfihly in their Fingm, nothing is. We Ihould
think ic a ftrange ridiculous Aclim in a Child or
Natural Fool-^ buc great is the Pri-uilige and v^w-
ihuriiy of the Learned I So miicli itiay fuflice as
to [he EfTjiSs of Pleafure upon the Sevfuivc St^ul.

As for the EfBs of VltafuTt ujKPt the Body^
if ts Bjlaxafion of ^U the SeaJiU Parti thereof, aS
appears ;

1. Bec:iule it*s contrary, viz., Dlfp'eafure^ or
fif^ive Grievance^ Ciutes Contrailion^ fas has been
tnanifeftly Ihewn.)

2. Becaufc ic ciures a liberal Perfpiraiion, whicli
is a certain EfcCi of RdaxMien, fas the Want of
ic is of CorijfridionJ and that it caules I'erfpiration
is moft certain by Siacick Experiments^ and D^mM-
^rations. SatiHoriut, Sett. 7. Afk \ 9. &c.

3. Becaufe the Pleafwe of iVme, and the Kw.
real AH, tnanifofily loolens all the Limhi, as
Sletf does.

k

M 5

4. Be-

}^4 Thp Mj/fteries _

4. Becaufe, thac in ihofe TUajuns, as alfo upon
fhe Ijglit of ,1 Beloved Miftreis, &c. (he £;e|
look dcadi^}, by r?afba of the Laxity of the Cor.
pray and that (he PupUla is dilated.

J. Tiie Skin (as has been intimated^ looks
florid, wliich made the AncUnts Uyt That the
Bloud and Spirics canje outward to meet the good
and agreeable Things.

6. Becauf; 4II TUaftfre that is confident with
Ijhg or fttini fiill in a filenc quiet manner, in-
clines us to >«f, as t^ifick, fkafant Frkation of
the //crt^, Backf or any itch'wg Part, fwpet ancj
icceptable QJmrsy 3 Thing ol" very acceptable
tafte held in the Mouth, Wine, Mcats^ Venm, the
fUafim found of the fall of mmt, Whifilmg Winds^
B-Ockini, Undulating in Hammock), &c.

7. Bccaufe in Coition it relaxes the Neck of the
ffiipi to admit the Animal Elixir Vila ; of which
JVC have moft evident Proof, and \omc twinent
hfiancts, that I fofbear the Relation of que •of
Mocfefty.

S.'Preafure caufcs a large and wide Pulfe^ as
^tUxatioa always does.

9. A Lofs or great Diminution of Senfatioii,
as jn the Venereal ^-iU, (which if it were of con-
tinuance, would exatftly imitate Qpium in its Ef-
icas) uDotj Drinijfig Wine, &c. the EfFeas of
vyhich being of greater duration, and by taking
Ibmewhac into the Stomachy fas Optuni is) are
Very like that of Qpium.

io. Iptenfe Pleafure^ Jey, &c. do frequently
Caufe B-efiefia, Syncofei, LtipathymieSy which Sr^

bnly great Rtlaxatiem (as has been fliewn.)
' I'l. you fee dVat (he pleafure pf Wine cau£i
fahring of the Toi^uf, whigh is the Effeft of iie-
faxatkp, 'ps in Sletp, P^i;<trc. and rdaxcs the
wiipleBpdy. ' ., I i .-■..:■. . .;

f!-5^^

I

I

Dpium Reveatcf. 16 j

. -- _b prevents Lalltcude, f.is all plea-
fane Diverftoni do) and caufes all the KffQi of
RtUxatiM, as taking away P-iw, caufing ^ Z>mi^-
""f' of the E;", Qibtalisn of the i'upili.i, Flori-
^i'jf of tlie 5i£i», Perfpir alios. Diminution (^ Si9-
faSion, AUrtb^ gsoJ Humour^ SUtf^ &-c,

N^te^ That PUafurs being generaHy from Ex-
ternal O'jj-^Us, and alfo Ihoic, fiighc, and trariji-
tory, is the true Rea(bn of the great /'««// of
Things that bear any compleat ^n^kgy to Opium
in its great Effccti, which made it (ee,ii more amaz-
ing, and confound People; whereas all the 0,ff^-
rence is nothing biit its caufing an inter'ii/l, i»-
titifi, and jnrm.i»fnt fk^fure : AJI Pk-ifun-i h.ive
the lame iffMi, but that they arc llioit, flight,
fading, eKCirnal, inconfidcrable, inrermitcing, in-
terrupted by (bme grievous Ohjicis, 7bo»iht>, P-if-
jfja;, as Fdar, Care, Solicitude, Melancholy, £&■.•,
but the PUaf/tre of Opium we cany ^ithin us con-
tinually, whether we will or no, w.iking and
fleeping, wichout any inteimillion or interruption,
and that in a high degree for many hours.

Doub:!e(s that of i^'enui, if it were half as lad-
ing, would be ai dangerois as that of a great
Dole of Opium, or Wine drank in a vafl Quan-
tity, yi-hich is in a manner as dangerous as O-
pium, and fir the l^ine Kafivy viz,, by ovcr-
dofing, a great ReUxtr by the Phnfitrt it caules.

The Caules why the Pkafure of the f^emrfd
Jctj as a large D-i/e of !f"K, Opium, &c, take
j»way Vain, are ;

r. Bgcaule the Senfifiw Soifl cannot attend to
Two Things at once ; therefore when a Senie of
Pleafure is introduced, there cannot be At Hie
iatne time a Senfe of Pain, which tho* not noted
if\ fart^ frarfisnty and dejUltory Pleafures, (as al-
moft all are befides that of IVttie and Oflum) yet
tlie moig pertnanent do exai% our Uatice aod 4t-
M 4 tentiM^

k

1

i68 The Myfteries

M->r:w», becao£ diey exc'ude Pain for ib cotifidftl'''
able a rime tliac they amaze us.

2. Becaufe the Smfai-ve Soul attends more wil-
lingly to PUafurt than to ?ain, fo that Pleafiirc
engrolTss his Jttcvtum (as wasimtmated.)

5- Becaule Pleafure and Pjin for DiJpUafare)
arc Contraiies, and cannot co-cxift in the lame
Subjeia (or Seffupvt Souf; ) therefore when Flea-
fare affidi it, Pam cannot-

4. Becaufe ReUxMtion ("which is the Mtcbanical
and main RtafonJ gives fiJch Liberty to the Ani-
mal Spirits 10 exp-ind, that they become unfit for
want of Compreirure, to convey any Imp; effions
fmartly, which is re_qLifite to caufe afcnfe of Bain,
that is caufed by a fmait Imprtjjhn. To which
you may add, That

5. PUafun and Relaxation, where they conti-
nue, fas in the Cafe of l-hne and Opium) do
(ji^hly improve one another, becaufe ihey mu-
maily caufe one another i for Plealure caules
Se'axiiiion, and Relaxaiufi, as you find in a fweei

• Iljmber, c!^c. Pleafure; fo that perm-inent /*/f .'/«re
iTiuft highly advance Rtlaxation^ which takes away

- Pain by preventing ail fmarinefs of JmfreJJkn by
the nr>w yieUtng Nature of the expanded Atdmal
Spirits, which are, as Air in a Gut half fullj or a
Rowl of Carded Cn/rew or IVoolJ, fit only to carry
a gentle or no ImprefTion lo the farther Ea4
thereof

So that upon the giving of Opium when the
F. in does once begin to diminifh, it is not long
afterward before it goes quite off; for if the PUa-
furt does but take off one in tin of the P«m, it is a
fign, thai it will be an cafie matter for it (that i^
tjpon the: InifroVafftHt for the Ite..j^ni zforeiaid) to
ovofcome ok in ww, and yet much ca!ier to over-
come *w in «/Af, and lb on; Therefore it is a
totaiu ^, tlut you have given enough to take

^^P 0/ opium Ueveatd. \^f

■ftwav the P«J«, if it once ftnfibly dccreafes ; aad
conlequencly all Phjficuns Jhould then not give any
more Opium, tho' the Pdn is not yet quite off;
For if the Rdaxasion, caufcd by Pleafmt Senfirfm,
was of force enough to overcome the greater
ContraHion by the greater Pain, which oppofed
it more ftrongly* it will fuffice to overcome the
lefi. This intimates, (and 'tis Experienc'dJ that
Dofa mart be proportioned to the Pain y for tho'
a lew Glafes of W^m may take off the fenle of a
fmaS Pahi, more mail be drank to take offa
greater; and fo ofOpww, becaule thsConiraSlim
by Paiv refifts the Rdaxation by Pltafare.

Having (hewn how Shfp and Pleafure take 4-
way Pam by Relaxation^ permitting the Animal
Spirits to expand, and grovtf unfit to cany Im-
■pre^m finartly, and that thereibre SUtf flr;-^ or
moderates all Fluxei that depend upon hntation
of the fcnfik Parts to caufe chem to Contraft
and (queefe out the Humoun that caufe the f/«x,
jvhle the lame Rihxaiion opens the Poreij and &
lets out the Fuma of the Body, which only f like
Smoak in a Chimney,) require an openPaiTage
by realbn of their Levity which carries them on ;
it plainly appears how Pkafure^ that takes away
the fenfe of F.i;« or Irritarionsbythelike Rf/rt-v*-
tion, mult ftop the firft fort of Fhxesy that require
the Irriutiom to contraft the Paris, and promote
that of Pnfpiraiion, (as in Sleep) which requires
only the opening of the Pores j fo that I need adtl
no more JVertls about it, for the fame Cau/e muft
have the fame EfftU, therefore an intmfe and per,
marent Pleafure muft have all, or much of the
Ep3s of sietp in general (as has been fhewn i )
Jt cannot therefore be any Wonder that Opium
eatifes Sleep. Yet is there Difference between
^^^kfP and Fkafurt upon other Accounts, tho*

I :

I

170 ThMyfteries

fioi upon the Account of Relanttitg, J

I. That SUefi requires a!(b a reft of SftrUt, (or
the fenfi^ve Soul) whereas Relaxacien by P/eaJure
is confiflent with motion of the Spirits, eicher by
^tward AUion, or inlernal moiiati thereof, by foinc
fmi/arJ Coifes. Hence it is ;

Firfi^ That we cao Labour, Travel, Dance, &c.
and enjoy Fleafure and its Relaxation: Volantarj
motion^ which requires pnty a particular Centracti.
on of fome Parts by the Dictate of the WiS or
jippeiite^ being conliltent With &it general RtUxa.
tion by Reafon of the Prerogative of tlw ff'^i!'.
Thus do we move, the' more relaxed, or whai
pjoft Merry and picaied with JVme ; nay, fome
will walk in their SUep, (when extreamly intent
upon a Thing) as when awake ; which Ibews
the ruling Power of intensive Contraction, that may
be exercifed with Relaxations and other Centracti-
fjisas the If^tH it felf may, or intmive Appetite.

Secondly, That Pain is often taken away by 0.
fium by the Diverfmn and Relaxatun caufed by
Pleafure, and its Inconfiftence with Pain, without
Sleep, which requires the aforefaJd Refi; That
bare Relaxation, as fuch, does not include, tho'
Relaxation fuffices to take away Pain.

Thirdly, That Opium does by its Heat, active
f articles, &c. hinder fome Perfons to Sleep, yet
have you in both thcle laft Cafes all other Eptts
of Opium, as Pleafure, Indolence, Relaxationi, $cc.
which ihews how far Sleep is trom being a caa-
fiaat, and the moft ginuive Effect of Opium, 3$ IS
generally imagined ; however we muft allow it
(as has been Ihcwn) to be a mighty Difpofer of
US towards Sleep, becaule of t^e Relaxation chat it
caulcsi wUch is the nuia Rtquifite of Sleep.

II. That

ofO^ua^ Reveatd. 171

II. That Vkafure does, without Nutritive Rt^
fe^iouy by the Complacency it caufes in the fen"

Jkive Soul^ produce Comfort^ SatufaSliony Compo^
fuTiy Elevation of the Spirits^ Eufhory^ . (i^c, of
which Sleep is either not at all capable, or but
in a hw degree^ proportionable to the fenfation
that it has, wMch is but little ; . however a Vlea*
fure that remains within us, even in our Sleep, as
jrhat of Opium^ may well caule Plcafant Dreams^

The Reader may ohferve , that in all Vlaces^
where I mention, that Relaxation caufes the open-
ing of the P'oresy that I ipeak only of Perfpiratian,
9S the Efeii thereof^ without niencioning Sweat.

T. Because Verfpiration is the only confiant and
pfaBible EffeSt thereof, by reafon that the Levity
of the Fumes capfes them as certairily to pafs a(
the P^is when open^ as Smoak palTes up at an

open Chimney.

2. Becaufe Sweat is an uncertain Effett thereof
for it requires that the ^^y be well fiird with
jmoifture, tho* there is a Relaxation or Opening of
the Pores I as Hippocrates very rightly intimates
\n that Jphorifm of his that I cited in the laft
Chapter, i. Becaufe Sweat has not that Levitf
that the Fumes have, to gaufe it readily to move
as (bon as the Pores are open. 2. Becaufe Re-*
faxation is more apt to receive^ detain^ and fujhend
^Humours. '^ . Beipade the protruHve Motion of the
Heart U Weaker in all Relaxations '^ and all iee
flow much its Vigorous Vrotrujim contributes to
^^at upon AS^ion. 4. Becaufe a HeartfuU of.
Bloud does not make iuch a P^f/^ forward wheij
the Arteries are widened by Relaxation, j. S\yeat
having more of Continuity, Cpufiftencq, and Vi*' >.
cidity^ caqnot flgw oi^t (9 readily at the ^res^ as

172 The Myfteries

a meer Vapour. However, if the .Ba^'1
of Moi(iure, and the Porei open^ there being 2
Natural Courfe that IVay^ and the Heart conti-
nually protruding ic farther and farther, a Swe)ts
follows, and than whether they Sleep or not

3. Becaufe Sweat (as was in (bmefortintima-
fed) is foraeiimes caufcd by the firotig ?T6tn^wn
of the U'.,srt^ as in Motion, tire and upon Uiat
^cceime comes more under the TitU of Fluxei
cau(ed by Comraiiiov^ than ReUxatUrt, of which
ferfpiratim is a conftant EfFeift,

4. Becaufe S-wtat is fometimes caufed by ano.
ther fort of CrmtraBlon^ -viz.. the Comprf^im of
the whole BoJj by a violent Defenjive Cowra^ian,
as in great Terrour, AgonUiy and the lilte \ cauflng
thereby (as was Ihewn) by the Coraparifon of
a wet Sheet wrung, (whofe out Jidt k cold) a
cold Sweat, which that of Alum or I^itrioly cauf-
ing an Exudation of the Spittle into the Mj«6
by conftringing the Parts, does iliuitrate very
plainly.

Therefore you fee I had jnft Caule not to
mention Ssveat as a certain and proper Eflii of
Relaxation^ without good DijiiniiioHs firft made j
tho* unwary Authors that talk any Thing one
*fter another, not knowing what they fay, make
it their common faying. That Skep and Opium
flops all Fluxes but Sweat , whereas they fiiould
have rather- iaid, but Perfpiratim J for Opium and
Sleep alfo will fometimes hinder Swatty 'viz,, that
from Tam, Terrour, &c. and tliat as happens jiift
upon awaking by the ftronger SyfiuUoi the Hearf^
and CenlraBifjt of the wiiolc Body, and that alfo
upon motion, unlels the Bpdy tie (as was laid)
full of Humours, or Mojfture. Therefore it is a '
Vulgar Errour to (ay Sweat inftead of Perfpinuim
ja the Cafe albtelai(].

You

<f opium ReveaPef. 173

You may remcmber» that in the Beginning of

this Chapter 1 concluded, that a Sal-Velatile-Oleofum,
filch as Semen Humanum^ wherein the Ollji and
Volatile Parts are ftriftly combined, and the fo.
Utile IbmeWhat more aUitfe (or acrimonious) than
that in our Memhanei in general, mdl be moft
pleading to the Membranes by a fine TitiSatioHjtP'c,
therefore if Opium fhould prove to be fuch,
we need not wonder at its ritillating toVenery^
nor indeed its caufing a htgb (enfe of Pleafure
upon any Membrane, (they twing all of the fame
Nature) but efpecially upon the moft exquifitely
di^poled Membrane of the Stomach, and the fe-
nereal Parts, nor conlequently its caufing all the
aforementioned EffeBi of intenfe Pleafure, as Com.
forty Satisfaifion, Ovation, d^c. of the fenHtivc
Soi^f (or Spirits) and Relaxation of all the fetifilt
Parts ; whicti will eafily (bWe all the Thenomenat
of Opium, however numerous, mynerious, and
fbemingly contradictory, as you'll find.

Let us therefore now fee, whether Opium bt
fuch a Sal-Volatile-Oleofum, wherein the Volatile
Particles are fomtvihat rAore eBive or acrirmmisstt
then ours-^ and the Oily. and Velatile Paris firiffly
tombined ? If lb, the iujmtji is done, the Nail w
tiit on the Head, and I may fay "Effcj.

CHAP.

»74

The Myfieries

CHAP. XV.

S&ejpf what are the Prtftcbles of Opinm, aad
which cMJe the good and bad Effe&t
thereof.

HAving tried (if not tired) yonr Pattence,
and premifed what 1 thought neceffary in
the roregmng CbafcrSyV now reaflume the Thread
of my Difeowfe.

As for the f/t0vt Vr'akifks of Opinm, which do
or fignifie little or tiothn^ we need not be fuM.
citous, oiily tell you that it has much of Ear:b and
WsttT in k, and more or leis of that according to
its Taulnefs, and of thu according to irs Maifinefs
or Drinefs j and that it always has tnore IVaier m
it in mcijt JVeather, for I never knew any Thing
fb apt to take in moifhtre, and lo alter aecord-
bigly in its fubftance, (tho' not in t/trtuc) info-
much, that I have uletf it as an Indicator of the
Weather, and it never fails to ffiew the degree of
moi^urt in the -Air^ if h 5e kept in a convenient
Place, where Accidents, as the San, Ftrej ^c.
may not alter the Cale, and always in the (ame
Place. ~

Our Bufinels therefore being to enquire _.
the ^'we Principles of Opium, t SiaW proceed .._
this Plain and Natural Method, i',e. I fliall En-

la me |

En- 1

I. Which are the predar/tiaanc aBi-oe Fri
Opium ? And how combined, &/:.

f 0/ opium ReveaPd. 175

2. Which of them produce the good md laudahlt
Epasif Opium ? ^nd wiy?

3. Which of them produte in iS Efftifs ? And
■whj ?

h As to its eSive frimipUt -which art frtdomi*
nant.

Firft, It manifeftly appears. That Opium 'a
highly impr^tuted with ^elaiU
Sslt.

1. By its hiting, and pungent Tafit^ whidi is
ihe certain Efftti of Volatile Salt ; as in Mufiard^
HaffRadijh, Crefes, Arum, (or ^ike Roblti)
Scurvigraftf Rochet, Spearwert, Grow foot, S^aiUs,
Rsdijhj Arfmart, Onions^ Garlicky and very many
Plants of the fame Kind, which have their hitit^
and pungent Tajle (as all know and allow) from
their VdatiU Salt ; and Vo have all Plants of th<5
like Tafe, which are therefore commonly eftccm'd
CO be Antifcorbutich.

■z. By its rank and vthetmnt Smell, being ftcb,
as is by the common Confent of the Learned
always attributed to Volatile Salt alone, or join'd
with fome OHj Parts, as the finell of Semen VirHe,
(to which 1 talte that of Opium to be moft like)
of intrrtt Haofs, Horni, Skms, Memhranes^ O'e.
Garlicky OnwTii, Rocket^ Pifmire, Soot, &c.

;. By its ready Diffolution in IVateVy moifi Air„
*tfe. which muft be from its Volatile Salt^ becaufo
it has very tittle Fixed Salt, and becaufe Volatile
Salt is the moft diflblvable Salt that is in Vege-
tables before they have palTed the Fire.

4. By its Diplution in Spirit of Wine, which
Volatile Salti are more apt to do than Fixed Salts;
and diis b one Reafin why it is fo apt to diflblvs

Iio all Mtnliruumiy efpeciallj' the Three main

nj^ The Myfteries

ones, viz. The IVjtery, the Salim-VaUtlU, (as
Sf'irit of Salt Ammoniac^ Spirit of Hirti-Him^^Ci)
and the SfirliuoSntphureoaf^ as Spirit of IVint,
Brandy, Cfc. in whtch laft Things its Sutpbur that
is join'd with the yolatile Salt, doth much help it
to diflblve.

f. By its inciding and difcujjttg Quality, whCfl
txttrnaUy applied ; which Qualities mull be attri-
bured to ics Volatile Sdt, it having no other Prin-
dpie that can caufe ihffe Qualiiin^ efpecially in
diat eminent ''^« as Opium has them, and fee-
ing it is nor a Thing that has undergone Fermtn.
tation, as Vinous Spirits, and that it has but one
in 32 of the Fixed Salt in its Mafs, as the moft
Excellent Dr. Crew proves.

6, By its refohivg Quality, being extern^y ap-
plied ; for Refolution is caufed by iuch Parts as
eafily penetrate and mix with our Skin^ Flrfity ($-c.
and fuch as do fo muftbc of tike^iiSiM /•r/««^fcf
with our Parit ^ for all know, that eafinefs of mi*-
ture is by likenefs of farts, and the aSlive Prin-
eifUi of our Skifit Plejh, &c. are Volatile Sdt^
joined with fome Oily Particles, (as has been laid -,)
Therefore OpiuM muff have fuch Principles to be
fo great a Refolver. Hence it is, That Gum Am.
mmiacum. Hemlock, and feveral Gumi, Plauts, &c.
that are (aturated with Volatile Salts, are fuch good
Refolvtrs ; but it is worth a very particular Re-
markj That all Narcoihk Plantsare very eminent,
yea, the very beft Refohen of hard Tumors, and
the like, as Solanum letbale, (or deadly Night-
JhaJe') Hemlock, Henham^ Mandrake j and the
more Narcotick they are, the more Rcfohing.

7. By its exuUerating or blijiring Qyality^
(which is but a ftronger fort oi Refolution of Parts ;)
which the beft and ftroijgell Opium that is ga-
thered by Drops "^ut of the Incifions of the
Poppies Heads, (as Auilms tefiife) and

cf opium ReveatJ. 1 77

We have (as (bme lay) will do, upon very tender
Skins, or at Icaft rubify, as Mu(lard, Ce. will )
which moll evidently proves its KeUtiU Salt ; for
ail Bli^ereri, as Camharides, Vifmire^ Cro-Wifootf
Sttarwort^ Carlick, &c. do it upon the Account
01 their VolattU Salt, iinlels it be LtxiviaU which
have paflcd the Fire, which Ofmm has not.

8. Its offending the Eyes, as Onions, Muflard)
€fc, do, when tt is applied thereto, argues its
VoUlUe Sds.

N^e, That the very beft O^ikm, As tiicTm-tif 1
Majiach, &c. does cauft this Efled moft of allf
which manifeftly proves, that the i^enue o^Ofunt
does mainly depend upon VohtiU Salty which is
iiioft certainly the Caufe of that EffeSi of eW«- ■
ratine^ (or bliftering) as all do allow in Things
that have not paffed the Fire.

9. Its PJiloihrick QualHy proVes the Qrtie, fof
h caufes the Hair-to lall by the fame Prindplei.

13. Its tmintnt "tiiillatkn to finw^, aS Cantho'
riJei, Beef, Pifmire, Sem. Vlrik, GMick, Onhmt
Lttks, Horfe RaMjh, MuJiarJ, Rodit, Ba/tl, Oiflerj,
Bean Garliclf Crews Garlick, &c. do llioft infal-
libly argue the Abundance of its f'e/d/i/e^d/f, by
which thofe Things, and all -other tUnts that
haVe much VoUtik Salt, excite to yentrf.

11. Its Aptitude to evaporate dnd file aWay,
argues its VoUitUty.

1 2. Its caufing a Ttckli'ig, arid ttchin^ in the Sk'tn^
does moft direftly prove the fime ; nor does any
Thing that is taken inwardly C;iuft it more : |t
njuft have a very Tailhiting IvUtiU S-ih, that will,
in fo fmall a Qliantity as Opium Is ufualty taken,
caufe liich 'uioUm licbings fas it does) in the Skin,
after it has pafTed all Dige^iovs and CenmtiiiHs.

K

13- 1m

lyS TheMyftertes

13. Its Eittemefs proves the feme : For the tJa^'
rious aod mofl! Perfpicadous Dr. Grew fiys, Ttttrt
Bicterne^ proceeds from Sulpkar i$;eB itrffHreg-
ftdted with aUalini or acid Salt JhackUd with &ntt^

but it is certain, that k h not an acid in Ofium,
for the many Rtafom given, and to be addedl
He al(b iays. That when Sulphar and the jikalme
are wore equal ^ tbej produce a taumj colour ^ oiai
Opium rudely torn is wumy^ till the Jir akcfs ii.
All which 5y/w«r confirms, where he feys, f^io^
Med. L. II. Caf. XXVI. 80.^ Omnia amara 'Uol^Uh
[aU ahundanty ad fuod coH^ituendum oleum ^uofuo
(oncunit^ five Sulphur. That is, AU bifter TAiugp
abound with Volatile Sak^ to confiitute which 0|r/ (or
Sulphur) concurs. I cannot diule (thd' I 60 fkOC

miidi depend upon Authority m the general) bur
value the AlTertions of fuch Men, by way of
Concurrence at leaft.

1 4« The Acrimonious Sweats that it cades, proves
the fame.

1^. It is alia Diuretici^ as^ and after the firnie

manaer with Cantharides^ Bees^ Pifmire^ AffSepeJos,
Scurvjgrafs^ Horfe Radifhy &c, that is, by TitiSm^
tion upon the Account of the Volatile Salty whicfi^

appears by ks exciting to Venerj at the iamGrtime>
as all diOK VolatUes do.

16. Its caufng P'vmitings (fas it often dOes) if
am undoubted Egn of its Volatile Salt; for afl fib
getable Vomits are &ch upon' that Account, mAe&
k be iuch as may move Vomiting meerly by
tbeir being loathed, or nauleated, which only
caule fbme particular Perfons to Vomit ; butlocb
as are conjtant Vomitories are ^o upon the Account
of their Volatile fakj as Afarabocea^ GroundjUy Fox^
^Kjovesy SefuiUsjitc. &^^^ ^^ ^ fufficient Quantity.

17- Its lively EffeSfs^ as Courage, €n. prove the
idme.

18. AH

I

I

of opium ReveatJ. 1 7^

18. All Antbert that have been Caiious^ do.
Jigree, that Opium abounds with yoUtiU Salt, a.%
OilmrnT, Ltmrry, Le Fehnre, IVfdditi, and in-
deed every one that ever I read^ chci' moft of
them actribure its Effeds to a Su!p6ur^ which
makes iheir Jefllmony ofirs^o/iti/eSai/theftrongeP,
4s being forced ro confcfs it againft their I-Ij/sotht,-
ffei.

1 9. After its Furmcnrarian with Leaven In a Sand
Heat for i4d3ys, it affords a Volanle Salt in good
Quantity, but mixt with Oil, which isfeparaccd
from it by DifToluiion in Water, Filtring, <3rc.

20. Its Spiiit ieraienrs with Acids, therefore iS
TolatiU,

Lafth, (to Pin up all) if you cither ChjmlcaS%
Aiialyic it by Fire, or fet it to Cryflalize, after iC
is evaporated to a due Condition To to do, ic af-
fords a great Quantity of Vdastlt Salt.

Thtrefrre it is pad all manner of doubfj (for
(Which End I haTe the longer, and more parti-
cularly infirted upon this Pomt) that it is highly
impregnqted with P'darlU Salt: But, as 1 (aid in
the laft CbapttTj it is not enough for it to have
t^etatile S'lt^ buB it maft be (iich as exceeds our
own, or other Animals in W-Jifir;, Biukneft,^'*
by Reaion of Qiitintity or Q^'^iiij'-, or both, that
it may tickle up, excite, and faiife a fin* and
agreeable Ovation, or glowing in our Spirits,
which fas was fhewn) is very pleifant, (as in
Cafe of 5f»f. f7r//,) efpccially whenagitated -

IVjrmib, Fricatiens^ or fuCh A(5hiaiing Caufes.

Secondly, It manifeftly appears, That tha
i^aUitU S.ilt nf Opium exceeds ours
, in Atftivity, Brisknefs, &f.

N 2

By

F

180 The Mj/Jleries

1. By in txuUtrating (or bliftering) Qit»liiy,
elpccially if it be very good Opium.

2. By its Pfiiothrick ^aliiy, to caufc the Hair
to (hed,

3. By its irritating to Vtfierj in fii eminent a De-
gree, as CanlhariJfs^ Bees, Tijmire^&c. do, and even
beyond the ordinary Courle of Sim. firi/e, which
is moft faturated with VoUtik Salt,oi any Part of
the Ammal, as appears by its Diiroliition (like
Opium) in Watery Menftriiums ; its rank fmtS^ its
rhiUativg to Vencrjy i» Weight, &c. which is Hiuch

the fame with that of O/i/mw, both Tmlcing in ffa-
ter, &c.

4; By its greet Irritatiom to make IVater, like
CMtbarifiei.^ Bees, Pifir.ire, MiUt^dti, &C. wKeo
it is taken in a good Quantity, or ofcen.

J". By its caufing yomitings in a very (everc
manner, which it would not do wkhoiit a very
poinant felatile Salt,

6. By its caufing fuch violent luhings in the
Skin (efpecially if taken in any Qyant'ty) after
it has paft all Digefiiom and ConcoUiuns. And,

7< By its caufing acrimonious Sweati, afiet it has
paft thofe Dtgijlims and Concoilioni.

8. By its caufiig a "very pleafant Senfation at Slo.
fnacb, far above any F/f/o, Jeliiei^ or any Animal
Nutriment.

9. By its offending the Eya fo much by its Airi-
mony, as Muftard, Onions, Har/e Rm/j/Ij, &£. do,

10. By its very pungent and acrimonious Tafie
above all FleJh or Fi(h.

11. By its very rank and vehement Scent, equal
to, if not exceeding that of Semen Virile.

It. By mCbymical Andyfii, whereby it aflbrds
a very acrimonism Volatile Salt in greac pletU
which Helmonly ffedelifUf and othen^ do 1
firm.

pletiQ^_

oj opium RevearJ. \Z\

Tlerrfere it is a!fo paft doubt. That the l^olatiU
StUt of Opium is more aSivty ecrimomom, and ti.
tilUti»g, than thofe in omt Membranei^ orio-^'W.
VirtU It felf. But feeing it is not Valatik Sail alone,
(as Was fliewnj which agrees only with one p'
che aSive Priactflet of our Metnhranes, (and may
be, and is of it (elf too acrimonious and rude for
the Memhraneiy without its being fweetned up, and
finoothM into a more gentle aftd plcafing -^grec
Menefi by Oily Parts) we muftlee, whether ie
is not alfo OHyi (or .Sulp&ureom) and confcquently
a SalVolasile-Oltofunt, agreeing In boffi the ncllva
Vrintiplts of our Mcml/raaei, th,it it may thereby
be the more deicdable, gemie, and agreeable.

Thirdly^ It is Very obvious and evident.
That Opium is Sulpl/urevui.

J. Becanfe the Juice of the Poppji, whereof it
is made, is of it (elf, when it diops out of the
Ifuipofis, Aiilk-wlyucj which colour in Ijquidi
felpecially the Juice of Plants) piocecds from

Sutfhureaus VarUcUi nilxt willl IVnttr ('or Pbl/gm)
as Milky Emulfiuni, Chyle, Cmnnram lV*Jer^ and

the Tithiires of all 5«/;W«<" Tilings dropr into
tf^dter, do eviftce.

z, Becaufe it is j');?4m/»fi/i/i'j for notiiing is fb
but what is Sulphureous.

5- Becaule 0/ii«w will (often with a '/7'''rf'''»/6,
which all, and only, Sulpbweoas Things will do ; as
all Rilins, Tallows, Pitches Tarfenttnes, Oih, and
filch Sulphureous Things.

4. Becaufe it is very l>itter, and that Oleofc
Particles are always (as Dr. Grav and Salvias
iruely lay) one Ingredient of a fitter Tafie.

f. Its /^dM'aj'co/ewr does alfo (as was faid accord-
ing toDr.OeU') argue much Sulphur.

N 5 <5. Ifls

,iB,a The Mjffieries

6. Irs hot Talte proves ilie Tame ; for a proper
hr Tajie is from Suiphur^ as the hti»g or fuwtnt
is from Vi^latite Salt.

7. Becaufe of iis pungsnt and flrong Snwll,
which denotes Sulphur.

8. Its being fo difToIvable as it is in Spiric of
Wine, Brandy, and other Sulphureous McTifiruumi,

, proves the fame.

9. Its dtphiig Qaalkj argues, that it has the
fame PrincipUi with our Skin and Flffi), which are
OUnfe as well «s Sditio-tiolmiU. and that nothing

. is a compleat Diffiher, but fucli as have both j
becijiife /ij^reeabUmft in Principles being the Bajis
of Dinblmionj (as you fee in AieKjlruunn, and the
Things therein diflblv'dj there is no good,
kind, or compleat Diflblvenc of our Flefl), (^'■.
but what participates of both; becaufeotherwifc
there would be a Difugrtemem in one Relpeft.

10. It appears by Antufju upon thtCbymlcal
ji»d)Jts of Opium^ &c. that it has a very conlide-
rable Quantity of Sulphur.'

11. So if you only dilFolve it in Water, you'll
, find mudi Sulphureous Subftance undiflblved ac

the bottom.

12. All for moft_) of the Modem Authors at-
tribute its Operation to Sulphur^ agreeing, that
it is well impregnated therewiih.

Therefort Opium confifts very much, as to its
ti&ive Fr'mcipies^ of a ^al-Vclatik-Sulphureum j but
ilill this does not compleat 3 moft agreeable
Sal-J^olatilt-Olepfum ; i. Becaufe it may be a Sal.
VoUtik'Rffinofrm, and yet be- a Sd-VvlauU.Sut-
fhurtum. . 2. If it be a SalVolatik-Ohofum, the
Oil and the ydatUe Salt may be Ibdisjoin'd, as .
not to conlpire and co-operate to pieafe the
Mevibrencsj but aft feparate^, as Oil and Volatile
Salt gtyen 01^ gf tl^x^^ Sfoons^ and c^e HP m^e

of Opium Reveafc/. 183

^^tS than Oil of olives and Spirit of Sal Am-
mmiscl taken inwardly^ one ading too Ibfdy,
laziy, and grealily^ to c^iuie any brisk and agree-
able Ovation of the Spirit Sy and the other too
rudely iHnging the Membranes; therefore we
tnuft proceed in our Bnftity.

Tmrthly^ Opium has a fort of Relinous Std^
fbuTy that is loofe^ and not united
with the. VoUtiU Salt j which
plainly appears ;

«

If Becaule^ if ypu diflfclve Opium m Watery
Cok} or hot, or any Watery Aienfir^mm^ you'll

\ 'fiod -a good quantify of Rojin undiilplved at Iwu
tomy wWIe the Folatile Sab is all or nioft diflblved
in che Water, (efpecially if the Water be /)ften

. r/;peated) and quite iqurated frotn (he Refinom

" Part which (ubfides, without any more trouble*;
Which fiiews, that the f^olatile Salt and it are not
cpmbioed^ but in a very loofe and diftin<9: man-
ner.

Zf Becaufe, if you firft diflbke Opium m Spi^

\. M oi-f^ijUy which imbibes the R<^»y it is eafily
again precipitated by plain Water^ leaving behind
it all or nioft of the l^olatile Salt in the Form of
a ri^d TtnQure in the Menfirmmy ^ it does alio

, ui the former Caj(e.

Ndtey That the Rejinous Pa^t of Opium has no

, MSk£t as an Ofiat^, for if it be well wafhed with

' Water (as was fiid) it has ho Operation of that

kind) or (b litde, that it is not worth the minding^

but all the Vierfu^^ Specifick TaficySmeUy (frc. js car-

ried aviTay ia th^t red Tin£ti$rey which has all the
fpsA ^^M of Ofinm^ a$ fp^erienc^ a0ures
\^

' N 4 3* Be-

184 The Myfteries

;. Becaufe, if Opium bs very much torrefiet ,
molt of the P'olatiU Salt is evaporated, and with
it mod, if not ?ll, the Virtue of Opium j bm the
Rofm remains as a tJeadilh Stuff in Refped of
the good F.ffi^i of Oftum^ tho' it is (as Hiall be
proved) the Producer of the ill Bjfeiis thereof,
^tiwpforc this Rofin niuft be wholly rejefted.

Fiftblj, The Red 7;»ffw« aforefaid has all,
or moft of the Volatile Salt in it.

1 . Becaufe Water \% the Proper Menftruum for
Saline Things, and that tlie TmBure reduced to
an ExtraU gives very much in *»<■'/? Weasbtr j
which Qiiality ic muft have from thcVolafile Salt,
becaufe it has very little Fixed Salt.

2. Becauie the Speciiick Biiternefs which pro-
peeds from Volatile fait, and Oily ?^lt, is wholly
in that Re J TinBur^.

J. Becaufe that Tiaihre has alio the Specifick Rank,
mfs of Smell that the Volatile Salt (as was fhewn)
give? the Q^tumy by the Help of (brne Oily Parti.
A. Becaufe that TinBure^ reduced to an Extraft,
ha? the hitiiig Tafte of Opium, which (as was
fhewn) proceeds from its Volatile Salt.

J. Becaufe that Extra^incides, difiujfer, refolvesy
Is Pfitotbrick^ titiSaisi to VAierj^ caufes Ucbingt iq
the Skin, ammonhuf Stveats^ &c. all which are
(^as ;tf?s fijewnj the EfieAsof Volatile Salt. '.^^

^ut what need 1 iniift fq tnuch upop its £$^^|
p prpre it f Wlien^ '^^1

6. }t Mpears by Cryftaliz/ttion of the f»td
fhwurej after it has been evaporated to a due de-
gree, that it contains the VoUrile Salt in it, which
}a i 900I piaw Ihoots tp elegant Crjfjiah ; and i

fl)S', ■ • ■ • - ,,_

of opium Jievtatd. 1 85

7. It is found therein by Qbjmkd Operation by
fire.

*-Sixthfy, The (aid TtnSiare is OUofe.

1. Becaufe the Rcdnefi of the Tinfture muft
be from Oily Parts ^ for pure fiocere f'&/rf//V* 5(ifr
gives no fuch Tinfture.

2. Becaufe it is ^itier^ one Ingredient of which
Tafie is ever Oily Parts (as was faid.)

5. Becaule of its rank fmiH like Sent. VirU.
which proves it to be Sulfbureous • for the Vdatilt
Salt alone has only a qoick ftnetl, or Urinous at
farthelK ' . j

jf. Becaufe it is of a Hjt Tafie wlien redLicad to J
an Extrafi, which Hfat of ITo/f confideicd di-,]
ftiniftly from its pungent, or biting 7^'/f, muft"4
be from Sulphureous or Oily Parti.

y. Becaufe Spirit of IVine, and other SpiritM- 1

falphurecHs MeKpmums , do readily dilTolve Ie |

r when reduced to an ExtraU. 1

I 6. BecaufetheEx'»'t^flfortens withdrywarmtKj J

BS Sulphureous or Oily Things do. J

7. Becaufe a true Sal VoUtile-Oltofumy wherdfa 1
the t^ulatiU Salt and Oilj/ Varts are intimately conw t
bined, ('as you find in all Bloxds^ TinUura of iS-
veral PUnn that liave fuch 2. Sal-f^elaiilt Oleofum)
is rcJ.

8. Becaufe it could not otherwife To finely
pleafe the Membrana, caufe Sleep, compofe the Sti.
rits, &c. if it were alt l^olatile Salt, which is wholly
pungent a.nd acrimonious J mightily oppofes Slcepj^na
.Caufes a great Oir in the Bloud and Spirits.

But, (as I (aid as to its Volatile fait) what need ,
jnfift upon its EftOs i When,

la Itt

ji^ The Myfleries

10. \x.i InfiMfimabilitj f after it is redticed to an
Extraft and dried) puts it out of all Queflion ;
And that,

1 1 . An Oil may be Separated from the f^latik
Salt, tho' not without Trouble, becaufe that, (as
is jequillte to compleat it m the higheft degree)

Seventhly, The Oily Parts, and Volatth Sdt,
are very intimately, and ftrii3Iy
cocabin'd, as fairly appears,

1 . By the Difficulty to fcparate them-

2. By ibe Redaefs of (he Thiclare, (as in BkitJ,
&C-') for when Oily for Sulphureous) PariicUi
are loofe therdn, they make' eif Aer a wiice <^lour,
as the Rspn does in the Drops that fail out of die
Indlions in the Heads of the J'o/'/iifj, which are
Milk white ; or kave the Volatile Spirit per(picu>
ftuSj as in a fort of artificial SaLVolaiilcOtaofum
that is fold at the Jposhecariu Shops in LoaJoti,

;. Becaufe it imparts KsTinSare, which depends
Upon both, to all Menfiruttmi.

4- Becaufe it imparts its Vertue, which dependi
iqjQn both, to all Menfiruumi.

f. Becaufe it imparts its Sfedfick SmeS, which
depends upon both, lo all tdevftrnumt.

6. Becaufe it imparts its Specifick, hot, and hit.
ing Tdfie, which depend upon both the OHy aud
VQlatiUParticki^ to all MenfiTUumi,

■J. Becaufe it will hold its Vertue many years,
which it could nor,if theKo/ii/j/e Soli znfiOily Par:t
Were not very ftridly combined.
' 8. Becaufe, that oocwtthltanding (he Digejikn
at Stomachy it has held its Specifick VermCy StneS
aod Ttfie-, after it has baen in it 4, y, 6, 7, 8,
9, 10, II, 12, 18, or n|o«t Huursj as appear'd
by its Operating fb long, and afteward its being
Vopjitcd up with the fame Tap and Smti that it
had

J

ft ■ 0/ Opium Rexieatd. 187

^B|d at lirll ; than which tbo re cannut bea greaKr
^K'gumenc.

^m9- Bpaufe it lus been carried off by Stook,
Hj[Mth had its Spec^nk Smd afcer ni^y Hoart re
^Eaining in tlie Stomach.

^ft IQ. Ikcaufe its Operation in general laAsIong.
^feor^ mentions one that ic Operated wiib for
^Kouc 50 hloun : and It'eJfliM another, whom
^Si""" ^^^^<^ ^'^ V cunit condaQcly ^boiit iS Umri
flfier it was ukm.

11. Becaufe it tas its E^fl* upon the Vcnn-Ml
Membrmei alter ic has palkd the Qi^i^fi'iM at Stt-
machf the Effeds of the Chdier, ana Sucati tan.
frtatfii in the DuadtwHt ^e^o ftraieed trough
the Coats of llie hucfllnes into the l~:(i-aij , aad
through the (^Undula of ihe Hefi>!Urj>, iiiijEcd and
tirculated with the BlvuJ, &q.

12. Becaufe, after all thati ic has its £jfc£7 upon
the Skin, by Caufing an //ciin^iijKr.ein.

I }. Bccaufe ic nor only caufes 4'^iinonieus
Sweati) but iiich as evidently fa J tliereof, whiqh
argues. That the Sfecifick Cumhinat'mt of the Oily
apd VoUtiU Parts ba^es all Ccihons, Qige^imi^
Cireiutatists-, and Percoljlions, that have happaoed
in che BuJy, DiofcoriJei and /EgiacU, Ipea&tng of

■ Opium, (ay, 'OCfHi 7M« 9*ff*a'iti9- Ji b>a « ml(ui]Q-

ly. SUala.1, [hat IS, T'^K /piftf ^ tht Miijicamtta it
txpanJcd qiict tbe whole Body. Whicll Thing* pf
)(S Nature do, as Garliek, Qvoiu, Semar Atmale^
which caufes Rankncfs all over Male Creatures, ]
^ ^ams, Bogrs^ Buiit, &c.

14. Le febitre, in his Ckjmipy, F.ars ?. p. jj; '
(jySjThat Qpii^rn has a Val^t^i Suit infcfii4klj miift ',
3tiiih Sulphur l,Qf Oily Parts.)
^, I J. iVtdtliiff, in his Opklegiii, Uk jj. SeB. %, <
H^m^. A. P, 91. fpeaking of Opiunt^ (ays, _S4 *$¥* •'
^^Btumfidpbure intinte combin^itHtn fitdores efficity tliat fe^ ■
^K^/ fait bdm infimattly comHmd mih fitlphwj (or

I

1 88 The Myfleties

Oil) caufes Sweat. And, Lib. 2. P. 143. Kg^m
obtitmit non facile diffipabikm^ that is> Ii has m »«.
texture not tajUj/. diffipable,

1 8. All know how apt Volatile Salt and Oil^
Parts are to combine ; Therefore ■

Opium n&s and produces its ufual good EiTefls
by a SalVolatile-OUofum, fotnewhat more adiiro
than that in our Membranes, whole Principles
are moft intimately and ftriftly combined, and
fo that it is qualified in the htgheft degree for our
Purpofe i Becaufe,

1. It agrees in Prlnciplei with our Mem.
branes.

2. That its Sal-VolatiU-Oleofum is more aflivc
and vigorous than that of the Membrmei^ to afttt-
ate and excite the Spritui ivjin, and finely to tickle
and gratifie the Membranes.

J. That the Volatile Salt and Oily Parti being
Vq intimately combined, do deliciouHy qualific
one the other for that Purpofe ; While the Oily
fniooths and lenifies the Volatile Salt, and the Vt-
latile Salt aduatcs and quickens the Oily ; And
that being To combined,

4. Both confpire to a permanent and exalted
Pleafure of the Membranes, efpecially at Stomachy
and the Venereal Parts, where they are fo exqui-
fitcly difpofed for Senfatim.

Therefore the Sd-Volatile-Oleofum of Opiim,
leparated from its Relln, is moft confuramate, and
belt qualified, that poffibly can be imagined, to
pleafe, gratifie^ and finely to titillate our Membrants,

or Oretm of Senfafitn j which was th? Thing tc-
lean.

..^

o/ opium ReveaVd. \%^

I cannot better iltuflrate its Nature, than by the '
mofl exalted Thing in an Animal, "viz.. its Semen:
Therefore for Confirmation of its PrimipUi^ and
Excellency therein, I will conHder its Likenefi and
jigTtemtnt therewith ;

I. In being both a SalVolatiU-Okofum.

1. In having a more ai^ive, vigorous, and ex-
alted Siil.Voliitile.OUofu»i, than any Part of the
Animal,

3. In having the Volatile Salt and OUouiPar- '
tidti intimately combined, for Semen Animelt
will (as Ofmm) keep very long uncornipted, as
appears by its long ftay in the VtfiaiU feminales
of Tome jinimaU, that do not excern it in many
years.

4. In that both are apt to mix with all forts of
MetifiruumSy and both Mole ■minima^ yirtute maxi-
ma.

5. In having much the fame Smell,t'i:c. a rank
and vehement one.

6. In tainting the Body therewith (as has been
fiicwn.j

7. In being much of the Vumi Weighty as ap-
pears by both finking in Water., &c.

8. The Tape mult (\n all Probability) have a
Ranknefi in it like that of Opium, becaule it gives
a rank Tafit to the whole Body of Male Creatures.

p. Both excite Venery, caufe Erections, Vene-
real Fury, and Noduraal PoUutioni^ c?-c,

10. Both caule BolJnefi, Courage, and Magna- ,
fiimiiy, which are reckon'd among the EffeSti of
Opium, and are the common Efeffi of PteniiuJe of
Seed in Animals (that are otherwile pufillanimoui)
in Times of Copulation j fb Modeft and Sheepilh
Beys grow much more ajfurtd, hU, and (as they
commonly call icj Manlike, upon Puberty ; and
Cirli grow more Womanlike in their Difpefiiitms i
and

t^o The My/i&ries

and *tis my Ohfervation, That the Mtn who breed
moft of [he Sem. Virile^ are generally, ii' no: al-
ways, the molt Valiant .

1 1. Both do caufe 3 great Relaxation upon the
PUafwt thereof, as appears after a gOod Dafi of
Ofiiim, and upon Emilfum of the other ; by the
Dtadntfi ef ihe Eyei, ("or Laxity of the Cornea)
in both Cafes, DiLtaiion of the PupiS, floriJity cf
tin Stiff, large Perfpirafian, laxitjr of the Limbj,
Slecpine/i, Uji of Mtmory and Senfe^ alienatton of
the ASnd, a wide Pnlje, Indolence^ lap of Feeling^
in both Cafes, and other Signs of RcUxatioi.

12. Both Ofiurm and Vuherty caufe a growth
of the Petiis, Breads, and itcreafe Milk, by
Reafbn of the Relaxation that they caufe, which
(as in SUepJ caufes the greater Nutrition'; but
of the manner how it happens upon R/laxatim,
more hereafter, if there be occaiion. Hence ii

K

1 5, That both Opium and Pukeriy are apt to
brii^ down the Mtvfes, and open tiie f^if, by the
Relaxation; and that Marriage f or the Pleafure of
ytnereal Aili) do by the like Relaxation promote
the Afenfet ■ -That both Opium and fuch Ads are
apt to caufc Mifcaniages by relaxing the Neck of
the Womb, &c.

14. Both cau(e Sadnefs and DejiBicn when tliC
Operation is over, as indeed Puafure generally
dbes, cfpecially if intcnfe.

I f . Both Opium and Sem. /inim^le prevent Laf.
ftude, and caule Eupbory, or eafier Undergoing
of Lahour ; Hence it is, that Siane Horfei will not
be fo (bon tired when full thereof, and quickly re-
cover if tired \ which might doubtlefs be obfervett
in other Animals, but that they are not ufed to
Labour, and To not obvious to be obfcrved.

If.

]

r of O^utn ReveoTi/, i^t

1 6. Aftbort do fay, That Sem. l^irile taksi d
VoKTtd Im^ttnee, procures Lovt, ^c. which'
doobtlefs muft be by exciring to Venery^ as Opium
does. Thus the Genitds ol Bucfu^ Boan, Buckt
of Hartt, Coch, &c. do (as Opinm) excite ff-
nerr • and the Seed of Animals, as of a Camel,
and the aforcfaid Creatures, come to be efleemeti
HfpTKCieii ; and (doubticfi) all Animal Strd, cll
pedally of the more Salaceous Creatum^ is an
}fUre in Ibrae degrtt.

Tffiejhtrt^ The main (if not all) the Diferexm i
S their EfeSfs arifes only,

. From the Different Pant that ihey afieA i< '
:aure Opium afieSs the Stenuuh, the f^etitrealf
and all the Mcmbranu in general ■ and Sem. Avi.
male only the Venereal Tans immediately, tho' an
intenfe ?Uaf»re of on« Part docs affeft the
whole.

2. That Opium does affeA with a Senfe of
Pleafiire more permanent, -viz.. for ouiiy Hours,
(as has been uid) and that the VUafitn of the

other is Momeniary.

Therefore Opium ^Os by ceufing an i»[enfe, fer'
maneitt^ and charming Phafure vf the Mtmbranes
m general^ hut mere particularly of tie Stomach
tmd Vehereal Parts, at being more exjtnfirely dip-
pfedfor Senfatimfor the Preftrvarion of the Jndi-
viduum and Species.

^lt cannot be much wondred at, confidering
r AHi-ve Prituiplei are a Sali^olaiUe.Okofum^
and that Opium is fcch, and that we naturally
carry an Ofiate within us, that in fome CafeV
, our ordinary SaUyoUik-Oleofum, or that of the

ICbiler^ Stmen, Cfc being by JoBie accident ex.
I- alted

i^2 The MjffierieS

alted towards the Nature of Opiam^ may havtf
the EffeA of an Opiate >upon us, by cauftng So-^
port, and Lctbargick Dijftmftri, Furor Htmtiui
Titration, &c.

Thus the Spume of (bme Malt Animah, Mi
mjy &t, are reputed Opiates. BoreUs fpaaks
a SopoTiftrcut Aura^ that proceeded from ones
Thumb, cured by a CauJIick. 1 have read of a
Caiaphora from IVormi, a Soporifcroui Fumt from
the ^f^wi, and very many fuch forts of Inftances,
which Things are now eafily conceived ■■, for 'tis
but iuppoHng a Fume of the Nature of Sem. Ani-
male^ or its Aura, (for I can no longer doubt but
it is an Opiate) and it would hafe much the fame
Efff^i with QftHm, if it were fit to uTe it aft
the fame manner. *•

Having fhewn, i. Whith are the preJomim
aUhe Principles in Opium, and how combined^ fitc.
2, If^icb of them proJucei the ufual and UudabU
EffeSls of Opium ; And why in gtneral ; I comQ.
MOW to the Third Particular, *;&. to ihew,

III. W&kA (f them froduces its iS EfeSi ■
whj.

Its iff Effelft are Aele, viz,. Naufeat^ Fomltingi^
which are generally very difmal, with great di-
ftrefi, and fometimes dangerous ; Swimming in the
fiead, Biccoughij Diflrtjjes, Anxietteiy Convuljlonsj
Faimingi, Leipathymits^ Syncopes^ &C.

I. Nott^ That its grievoin Efelli HTC at, or»
bout the Region of the Stomachy or particularly" ,^
the Mouth (or Pit) thereof, or thence arising by "^^

Cenjhit,

M

}nes
3fa

rom
ces,
'tis
Ani-
but
ime
aft^^^

fire '

dabU

1

i.Mti^H

of Opium Reveafd. ipj

i. Noff, That (feeing there is nothing fb good,
but may caufe evil £^«?j in an excemve Quan-
tity) this Ew[uiry is more properly, What Prin-
«/fc, or Prittcip/et of Opiuiri^ do caufe thole ill
Effc£fs in an ordinary Defe ? for what will in a mo-
Jeratt Dofe^ will (be fure) caufc ihem in an ex-
€tffive Doft,

3. Noti, That all the confi^t Efiffi of Opium
fas you may obferve in the Enumtration thereof
in the Fourth Chapter) are good and laudable Ef-
f^i ; it follows therefore, that the bad are »ecl»
Jental.

1. It is not the Earthy or PbUgmatick Fart of
Ofium that caufes thofe ill EfiQ!, bccaufe they
arc Taffvt PriiKipUi^ and confequently have not
filch a Power^ befides that they are known to be
inneeiw,

2. Opium has all thole HI EffiBs, when both
the Earthy and VbUgmatick Parti are feparated
from it, as when an Extraft of well torrefied
Opium is made in Sptrii of hVine, for by that
means the Fhlegmatick Part is diied up, and the
Earthy Parti (ubfide , and are feparated j yea,
liich Extr43s made by Spirit of iVim, do caul*
cliofe evil Effeili rather more than crudt Opium
with its Earlb and Phlegm in it, as ^^pcriince al-
lures us, and Reafon will plainly confirm by and
by, however fond the World is of fuch Prtfai-
rationi.

3. It is evident from the Premifes^ that ihzSaU
yolaJile-Okofum of Opium cannot caule thofe ^u-
'^'itingty WccBughiy Sec. for they are the E^'e^s of
grievous Senfaiian at Stomnih ; but the Sal-t^elattU'
Oleafum caufes a mall agreeable and fUaftng Stnfa»
fion at Stomacb.

If 4 ^^ Myfleries

4. Nothing quiets l^omiiiws, Ccinatl/ontj tiid-
€oughi,^. more (bin tUzi SaiyoUtiUOieefamoi
Opium.

f. Exferltme informs lis, Thit iha Sal Volaiilf-
Oitofum of Oyium^ feparated from all other Part*
and Principles thereof, never caufes fuch "«/ Ef-
fiOsy as I) and another fhjfician in LonJon, can
tefliftc ; as does a!(b Le Morij in the moft Learned
Dr. Leiic'i CeSiSanenj where he lays of luch a
Preparation thereof, as contains only the Sal-
Velatik-Oieofum, That Ntintjisam AnxieUtti circa
Trtecerdia, aut Pharttefas conciliat ; That tSi It ne-
ver taufes Anxieties about the Mouth of the Sto-
mach, 8ic. for that is moft properly to be under-
ftood by (Prsecordia ; ) tVedeUut teftifies the like
oi fuch another Prtparatiov, and fo do (everal
^uthersy iho' they tiid not (in the leaftj know
why, but only by Experience.

6. Its Fixt Salt is innocent in its Nature, and but
the 32d Part of Opium, which Js too inconlide-
rable in an ordinary moderate Dole to catife any
ft»mt Ef<S-

It follows therefore. That it muft be the ReJitKut
Tart of Opium, which it has in a confideraWe
Qpantity, that muft cauft chofe ill E-feiis. This
manifeniy appears ;

1. Becaufe a TinOure of Opium in Pfater, which
tallies up none of the Rnfm, but lets ic fall into the
Bottom, never caufes any fuch Hi Effetts -, which
it does not alio, if reduced to an ExtraB by Eva,
porationy yet have they all the ufcal £ood EfeSts of
Opium.

2. fVedtlius in his Opiakg. affures the lame of
the lilce Preparmou in Phkgm of diftiiJed yinegMr,
L. 2. Sect. 1. C. J. F. 92,

}■ An

I

of Op'iam RfvedfJ. 1^5-

3- An Extract of^ Omnt in Spirit of tfine doA
torren caufe thofc (// Effects, and no other Prtpara,
tie" caufts them as often. " IVcdrlim il/iJ. A La^-
•' dam opiatd c-im Spiriiu Vini corrccto folum ferk
*' ebfert/avimus ortoi fomiriii \ a nofiro i>fro, ^uod
euiM PhlegrtiMt Auti dijiiUati fieri dixt»titt^ nun^
^uam Votnitumy -vel Nnufrsm fahcnty cbniigijfa
*• mimimmut. That i», W^V b.ive ohftrveA i^umitingt.
**almofi onljf from Laudanum prepared with Spiijt
" of Wine, but never anjr Vomiting or Naufea from
" that prejiareJ in Phlegm of al/ill'd Vinfgar.

Which he confirms, £.. i./tt/. 2. c. 4.^.62. Uy.
ing (in Latitit) " That a curioui Ohftrvaiion if to bt
** netedj by ■whkh it appeAri, that an Extract fflf
** Opium, 7i>ilh Spirit of Wine, fiiev/i mare Nar.
" cotKk Font, by which he means, That it taufet
Ittort ill tff'icti than prepared in dijHlkd Vinegar J
Whereas that in Spirit of iVme has noihing more
in ic than that in Vimg^r, bcfides the R iinoui Farti t
Therefore thcfc do caufe all the M'ljchief.

Note alfo, That an Extract \n Spirit of l^iithii
in it {Q^tifJ for ^ansity) more of the Rrfinout
"Parti than Crude Opium, both becaufe the Earthy
Pares, that help'd to make up the Bulk, are taken
jway in that Preparation, and becaulethe5;i/r«
of IVlne imbibes the Ra/in more greedily than other
frinclplet of the Opium ; fo that every Di>fi- muft
in PraportioH have much more Rifm m it than Crude
Opium. Therefore it is no wonder that it caufes
thofc sllEfecit more frequently, fmcc the Rfin'a
moft certainly the Caufe tliereof, as has been, and '
/hall be more fully, and beyond all contraditaion,
proved.

■Yet is tliis the Preparation boafled of by tha
nd and inadvertent Woi Id •, it wtjuld amaze,
V tcfride a Man co lee what great Care is ukcn
O 2 to

i^6 The Myftei

(teries

to be fure to render Opium mifchievous, by ftdi-
citoufly ufing Spirit of IVine in exrraifting £««-_
<iw«»MJ ; and then, and not till then, they boaft of
the Preparation, as Charat and very many others
do, oalling ir, not wirijout great Ol^cncation,
(and defperate Fi^Uy) their Laudavum .- May it be
theirs, and none others j a Turk would be a Mad-
man to ule it for Crude Opium, becaufe it has
much more of the pernicious Principle in it j It
is the common, and niudi eltecmed way, firji
to extract it out of fyuterj (and then it is very
jgood, laudaUe and innocent) but thought no-
thing worth till they e>araii the Rnfin (that is all
left behind by the IVater) m Spirit ef iVine^ and
add it to the other; then do they with great
jiuthbrisy praife it, that is, when they have wifely
added the Poifon' to the Panacea y It is as if they
added Ratsbane to a Cordial^ ani not think the
Cordial worthy Comniendation- till th^y have
done (b.

4. It appears. That the R^fin is tlie Caufe of
thole /// Lfcffij in that they happen at Stomachy
or from it 1^ confent, (Ince Opium has nothing
in it that can offend the Stomach but the Ko/7« \ of
which it was fliewn mChap. 14. how very offcn-
ijve it is to the Stomach hy its Indigejiibknefi and
fiieking to it, but even intolerable if alio arm'd
with ftmgent PartkUs, fuch as Volatile Salts have,
-with which Opium abounds.

f. It has been never obfcrved, that any Pre.
f oration of Opium^ that was {eparated from rfw
Rejinotis Parti, did ever cauls any fuch /// E§t3s,
Bur,

6. It has been often obferved. That if Oruik

Opittm, or a Refkoui Preparation tliereof, WaS giveo
alone in the Farm of Pillt, or any foliJ Ferm,
that it was very ape to caufe thofe Effelfi : WeJe-
• 'ias i^ys, That he never obferved thofe Mift^
bur

o/ opium Ueveafd. 1^7

t ifter Prefaratiani thereof in the Farm of Pilli ;
' it follows from what he has faid before, that
. was either Cruilc Opum^ or chat horrid Eictract
lUt of Sfirit ef Wtne, both which are Kxfmaus.

Nate^ That fince the very Form that it is given
I (loth (b much alter tlw Cafe, it Ibllows, that
it is oot poifbnous in it felf as fuch.

7. It is oblerved> That Crude Opium, Extr.iclt
in Spirit of fVine^ and luch Rifimus VrtfaraHmi^
^Ay Tcry long at Siomacb, viz,. 4, j, 6, 7, 8, 9,
10, ir, 12, nay, fomeiimes 18 or 20 Hours,
as Charof hiniielf intimates in reference to a
GtntUman that took half a Drachm of his Extract

2 or 3 times a Week, That he VomuJ if he
took a Clyjler before 20 Hours were expired after
the taking of it \ That certainly argues, that it,
or a great part thereof, was ftilt ac Siomacbj whicll
fiay is a moft grievous Thing to the Stomach when
it is beyond the ufual time that Things are di-
gelted in it. Mni^ fuch a Jfity can hi attributed
(o nothing but the Rofm IKcking to the Coat of
t!ie Stomach, for that Frefaratim of Charat had
nothing in it but what was diflblved in Jf^attr^
(which is therefore always diflblvable at Stomach)
and the R')ffn extracted out of the Spiric of IVme ;
therefore it was indiJfohabU and -vifcid R<.^n that
caufed fo long a ftay, tho' tliat GmtUman did,
by ftrengih of Vigeflion, conquer it at lait, and
that without Vomttivg^ unlels he (as was (aid)
took a Chfitr within the 20 Hourt : Its long ftay .
at Stemacb is manifcftalfo, in that after ao Hauri
it purged him, and not" before ; which fit^png
(as fhall be (hewn hereafter, and has been in (omc
jiieafure himedj happens by the Dijjolutton of the
Rojin by a ftrong Digefiim j and therefore it
_(iappens otjiy when Refmm Treparaisns are given

t^8 The Myfieries

in good Qiantity to Men that have fuch a B/^I
fiwn, or a C41WW j4ppe:iie, as an Experienced
Perfon in the Matter ot Opium informed rae, ami
I rinc3 obferved to be very true.

8. h mii(l he fqmewhat in Opium chat is indi*
gellible and kicking to the Stomach, or elfe it
could not caule Vomiting fo long as it does, that
iS) 12, 14, 16, or more Hours, whereas other
Vomits do generally operate but for 2 or 5 Houii
3t fartbefl, and Opiam has nothing In ic indige*
flible and fticking but its ^fif.

9. It is to be riottJ, That whan Opium U pre-
Juared, joioM, or given, wiih fuch Things as
deftroy or prevent thtfiicking of iXsRJin to the
StontMb, and help its DifJuthn^ Dj^ejfion, or
(lipping out of tne Stomacbj it cauf^ no fuch
ill EffcSli, tho' CruJe Qpiunty Or a Tb^nout Trtfo.
ration^ be given. Thus if you prepare it by £■'«•
•tia/i, which alter the nature of the Rofin by ("as
it were) Soap'ffmg k, and thereby take away i«
pick'nig Quality, and rendting it (as Soap i=J diC
folvablCj flippery, and pallable at Stotmch^ it
cauffs no fuch Difiurhancd. Hence it is that Liw-
vlali are found to be liich true Correctors of Opium,
(tho' the Ret^on has not been confidered, as wil|
appear hereafter) and that the Sapo Tartare makes
M<»t!htwh for Starhfs} Pill, and the PHuU w-
"p4t fo fafe, and free from ill E^Mt ; as alio
Salt qS Tartar doeS LiiMvii4i*i and Langehti\ii.
pious Prtparationj : Of which CT£peA more when
I come to rpeak of the P'refaratton of Ofmm ia
Chap. 16. So,

I o. If you fubdue Qf'nfm, a$ you do R<pm and
Ti"p""in(i^ with the Tulk of an Egg, before you
givi it, it begomes Gfe, becaufe ynu, by that
pieans, diflblve its Rjt\ and pievcnt its adher-
ing to the Coat of the Sipmacb, and render it
igfftiblt and f-^^ithle, which is a moft cert^>^
Ktuc its i£o>i caules thofc ill £/edi. ' ' 11. It

of opium ReveaPJ. ip^

T T. It is for the fame Reafan, iliat Opium finely

Eowdered, and mixed wich other 74/wgi that ,
ecp its Rfpioui Parts from 3 CoaUfcence^ as in ^u
nice TrtaeU, &c, that it is not fo apt to cauft I
Ihofe evil Efft^i ; This (I doubt not) made tlie \
Ancients, who had no better f-y, give it in fi- |
Uiiuarlet finely divided among other Things
which they did fo frequently, that all EhBuariet |
^«ame to be cali'd Opiaui- This (upon Experience
^ fijppofe) made OMea Uy, That Opium was not
lafe alone,but mixM with other "things ic became
•0 good Mdtcammt,

1 2. iVcdtUui fays, That it feldora caules ill Ef.
ftSt when given in a fine Powder with other
'Things J yet is it the fame in Subltance, .ind to
laii Intents, but that the Rrjlnout Parts being fegre-
igated and fcauered, become more fubduable,

and lefs liable to Coalefcence ; whereas if it be given
alone in the Form of a Pill, all the R^Jin falls to-

figecher upon one Part of the Somacb^ and there
■Iticfcs. Therefore Crude or Rrfinoiti Opium Ihoukl
never be given alone in the Form of a Pill.

13. The Blundering Jncitnti giving Wineto
correft (as they thoughr) the c«U Quality of
Opium, found by Experience, that eU generous Wine
taken pretty freely after Opium, did very much

irevent thofe ill E^c-Hi • bin it could not be by

orreAing the colj Qualiij of Opium, which it has

lot, nor indeed for any imaginable Reafon, buc '

tiat being a Sulpbureoui Mt?ifiruum it helped tho '

iifflUttion and Dtgefiion of the R^w, and the mor« '

3r being old (as all know) becaufe more fpiritu-

bus, defecated, and vigorous ; whereas had it noC

been for that Reafon^ Wine mud have rather iiv j

creafed its Ette&s than oiherwife, as betjig it)

C

14. ltd

soo The Myfteries

14. It is for the fame Reafon, thata 7»W?i(rt'
of Ofium in Sfiric of H^tne is found to be much
iafcr than the ExtraSf made out of it, the' tha
Subftance is the fame, becaufe that in the Ttnilure
the Partklei of the Roftn are finely divided and
fcattercd, and fo fubduable, and not like to f.ttk
to the CoMt of the Stomach.

1 5. Ofium m Clyfiers has kill'd People by ftjck-
■ing to the htefiimtm rtttam, whereas it has no-
thing in it, as is apparent frotn the Premies, that
<;an hurt, by flicking to them, but its Refmous
Pans ; much more then may it grieve the more
exquificely fetifjle Stomach lay the ume means*

From what is faid it will be pbvious howduclf
to prepare and corred Oprnm, tho' there has been
no true Conception thereof hitherto, but xmcs
groundlcfs and phantaflick Imaginauons.

OhjeUm. Softie may (ay (for the Folly of the
VVorld is great) Why (hould not an ExcraA out
of Spirit of Wine be good ? For fince Wine cor-
reAs it, much more ftiould Spirit of Wine do 'u
by its more aflive SuIfbHrecfts Spirit ?

1

Anfivcr. So it will, if you pour it upon it
(he Stomach, or a Digefting Pot, for then it will
much contribute to its Divifion, Digefiion, and
taking off its Vifcidity, as Spirit cf Wim does in
any ytjfel wherein you pour it upon Rofm \ but
it is quite another Matter when reduced and re-
imited into the Porm of an Extrait again, and alt
the Sprit of Wine evaporated (or oiherwife fe-
parated) frotn it, for then the Rejmoui Parti are
In Statu ^ao of Cealtfcenctj and want to be fepa-
rated by U^ine or Spirit if Wmt^ Ltxiviali^ ttlk
if "a Egg^ o-c, ^ much as ever.

1

I of opium ReveatJ. 201

K' Ohj. It may be faid. That the Refin of Opium
^b but as other Ro^m, therefore why fliould it o&
^pad lb much in the Cafe of Opium.

^B- rf^w/. For Three very manifeft Reafons;
^p. That it is a Rofin of a peculiar CUmminefi and
^^ifcUlty. 2. That it has Acrimony in'tj as ap-
pears by its Purging CJuality if it be given in any
Quantity, and that the Stomach diilolves ic (as
was fliewtn.) j. That it is joinM with the pun-
gent Particles of the Volatile Salt of the Opium^
whid), when it fticks to the SiovMcb^ it holds to ■
it, tearing it too long and continually with thole
To'mti upon the fame Part^ which muft caule Di-
fireft and Vomiting! in Weak Stomachs that cannot ^
digeft it, and that fomecimes to no Purpofc, where- "
upon follows Comjulftons , Hiccauihs^ tire, and all ■
Endeavours failings an TuUing or Siiccumliiticjij foL.
Jowed by Faimings, Syncopes, Leipotiiymiei, &C.
and fbmetimes Death it felf, for it mult be a inoft '
grievous Thing to be lb continually ftung in the" '
lame Part of the moft /hfile Membrane of cIlQ
Stomafh without Remedy or Redrefs. If (brae '
have died of a little Cum Ammomacumt or Saga- •
fenutriy flicking to the Jntejlsmm KeBum or Colon^
which arc the Sink of the Body, and fitted foe",
and ufed to bear all f«^'^" and Tr^;, much more ■'
muft the nice and exquifitely difpofed Membrane '
at Stomach be grieved by fuch pointed Rafin, ai *<
that of Opium, flicking to fome Part thereofj
befides, that the Stomach does peculiarly hata •
and loath, that any Thing, how gentle foever,
Ifaould Oay too long in it, which creates frequent
4Hld fad DifiutboHces in fuch whofe Stomachs are
relaxed, (as 'tis alfo in the Cafe of Opium') and
pannoc in due tif' difcharge themfelves of the
grieving Matter; Therefore fuch as are moftly '
I W^l.^ will) thofc MJhitil Sjmptettfi iftftRefmo0
m^ " opium,

io« The Myfteriei

Opium, 2T9 People that have fine Ti:ttuTer, and
ill Dge^iffni, with whom it maft, and doos deal
for a good while> as a Pliafer of the Stomachy till
the indigeflibk Rofin that is ftuck to it, does there-
fore, and becaufe it holds the Vcimt of the yda.
iilt Salt fo tedioully and importunately to one
Part, grievoufljr teaz and urge the Stomach to i^o-
<w», &c. which it does in Ibme fooner, in others
later, according to their reffcQive Difjirfuion of
Stemtuh. Hence it is' chat it operates pleafmgiy
in Tome for feveral Howrt before it excites a l^at.
fea^&c. vix^ j, 4, f, <S, 7, 8,9, 10, it, 12,
')) >^4> I Si "^1 <7> iS, and more Hmtrs, anil
in fuch as have a fiurdy Texture, and /rung
DigeJiiM, operates only pleafingly all the time^
be^ule their Senfatiim is not fo nice, and that
tfiey gradually digeft the Jfo/Fi, which, if the
Opium was given in a large Duft^ does (as Rcji>u
dilTolved are apt to do, especially if they have
Sny Acrimony as this has) turn into a Purger^
Which brings down Ordure that fmcHs of the
Ofium, and ib the Danger is over : How com*
tnon is it, that yemitoriei, being much lubdued
in fome Stomachy mm to be Purgen f

Thus it happens with Dogs, that have a rohjl
Texture^ and firong Dige^ion j but fuch Rffimui
Opium deals feverely with Cati, and commonly
kills them. You may fee from the Premifei, -why
It caufes ill Sjmftomi oftner in ffomen, and Ctil-
^tfiy than in Men, and mfine textur'd Men, than
the rehufi^ and in fuch as have weak DigejUem^
rather than in them that have firof^ ; nfby it
Caules all the Symptemi of fleafing Senfatica 'wt
firfl^ and the iS Effeils afterward ; ifhy fome have
no ill EffeH after it, even in a large Quantity,
unlefi you*ll call Purging an Ul Efi^i wy
fuch as Pivg9 afcQT 1 grut p«f* efcape the DiA.

J

r

I

I

o/Ojsium keveatif, 203

^er, as Dags, &,c. why their Vcmiti^ efpecially
ihe firft, fmellj &c. of the Opium., cho* rhe fi.
miting happens after many Hcurs j ^hy the ^ow*-
i»gj are (o very ttiivus and/pTer?, we. becaufe of
the llubborn Adheience of the Ri-fn to the Stc*
rrtatb J jj^Aj- it operaQ£S (b long a r/we in ^me, lo
comparifon of ochersj -vift. by ftaying ^ ]6ifg ill
Stemael.

1. All which feein tb triS a gobd Argument,
That Tuch as dye with Ofmm^ dye while it if at
Stomach, and conlequently, bccaule of the lty(»
which tnuft needs be fatal in great Dufeiy feeing
It is fomecinies fo very grievous in Dofts of a
Grain or Two, that bring PtofU even to Veatb^s
Door with Vomirwgi^ DifireJJet^ Synccpei^ &c. yea,

and has kill'd (bme, even in that fmall Quantity«
as I am inform'd.

2. Some evidently dye while it is at Stonudt^
becaufe they dye loon after they Vomited np
ibmenhac that finslled of it, tho* poffibly the
Rofin fti!l fiuck to it.

3. Becaufe others evidently dye of the Votaith^
and its plain E/lflj at Stomach.

4. Becaufe they commonly dye with a Bic
sough.

5. Men dye of it within the ufual timethitk
Hays at Stumacb^ which is (bmetimes 20 Houri
for certain ; whatevier more it may be vvhen large
Doftt are taken ; and to me it feems an ^rwu'
ment of itf killing at Stomach, when they dyc
after 20 HovTij becauft if it did not flick at
Stomach all that time, the Operation muft have
txen over, or, at lealt, much declined, and coo*
fequently the Height of the Danger paft.

6. I cannot hnd that any have died of Opium
when the Rfm was fcparated from it, tho' 1 da
DM d«ny but that !t may kill then, as ah toftiib-

derate

^^ IVX q«n]

204 ^^^ Mjifteries

derate Quantity of Wine has done. But this I.
can tell, that one did, at Mr. Banksi the Chjmifi
in H^i&TQok in the City of LonJon, drink (as
Mr. Bankt inform'd mc) a fini and a Half of
fuch a Liquid Preparation o( Opium, that had'
the ^'Vf" feparated from it, that had the Power
of 3 Ounces of Opium in it, and it never harmed
' nor difcompofed him, but that he Vomited abouc
an Hour after it was taken ; whether he did (a
by Reafon of the Opium, or becaufe che Peribn
was Crop-fick, (as they call it) by Reafon he had
drank much Wine before, or both, I cannot d^
termine.

Now (I hope) that my in^ifidve Reader ts &IIj
£uifified,

I. That Opium does not aft by a CoU Quditj^
nor by the Means of Fumei^ nor any how by
dimhiping or difakVmg the Spiriti, (except it be
that the pernieiom Rofin may do ibmething of that
kind by its aforefaid ill EflaSs) but by pleafantly
afie^ing the Membrartes at Stomach, Venereal Partly

z. That Sleep is caufed by Rehxatian, and
quieting the Sprits.

5. That Pleafare, elpecially if iWfu/eand laft-
ing, as that by Opium, eomforiiy enlivens, encou-
rages, and caufes an Oaation of the fenfiive Soul
and Spirus ; and Difpleafure caufes Sadneft^ De.
jtUion, (*tc.

4. How Pleafure muft caufe Comflacency, So-
titfaUion^ Content, Afi^uiefance, antj Comfofure of
the fenfitrvt Soul and Spiriti, as Grievances caule
the contrary.

y. How Pleafure, elevating and keeping up the
Spirits, and caufii^ an entire Relaxation of the
P^erl^^ and 3 g[^ Bti»t4tm of the HgHalha

of opium ReveaPd. 205 j

ContraBien, which tire thcfen/itive Soul, muft caul
Etfhory^ or 'cafie undergoing of Labour, Jim
nejSy cf-f. without Lajfuude, M Experienct ihew%.

6. How Pleafure caufts Relaxation of all the
y;»/ji?# Part J.

7. How the (aid Relaxation (as in i'/w^) does,
by fuffering the Animal Spirits to expand, and
thereby making them unfit to carry ImtrtfPtont
fmartly, which is necefiary to convey a fenle of
Pfiix, (for a fmart Impriffum is the very caufe of it)
take away Pain : To which you may add. That
the fenfitivt SouVs attending willingly to the Senfe

. of PUafure, is diverted from Pain^ and that a
- Senfe of Pain cannot be in the lame Subjed with
PUafure, which being therefore once excited^
Tain muft difappear t, but that of taking away
all fmartnefi of Imfrtjfton by Relaxation^ is a plain
Mechanical Gauft.

8. How therefore all Fluxa that are caufed by^
or require a gritvetn Senfation^ or Irritation by
i^uantiiy or Quality, to maintain and continue
them, by caufing a CmraQim of the Parts to
Iqueefe out the Hamoun, muft be moderated for

want of Senfation (upon iiich Relaxation) tO il^i.
tate the Parts, as it happens in <$/«;', or in any
Cafe where Rtlaxationy and thereby Kxfanjion of
the Animal Spiriii, incapacitates them to carry
/w;>rc^o»; fmartly, which is of the EjJcnceoiPain^
(as has been fiiewn.)

9. How Perfpiration muft be promoted by iJ/-
laxation, which opens the Pores.

10. How, that by the lame Means, Svear
alfo muft be piomotedj if (he Body be full of
moifture.

n. How Opium (or Stmen Animalt) being of
the fame Frinciplet, and of like Principles with
Canthari4ei, Pifmire, Beei^ Carlick, &c. muft ex-

Lcite 10 Fetery, caufe Itchings of the Skin, (^c. ,
iz. How
>' >

W The l^fietm

12; How Opium may, by too high an Ovjtiim
of the Spirits, caule IVatcbing, while Pkafure
caufing Relaxation, (yc. may take away taini for
ReUxatiovt as in Sleep, Syncapet, &c. is enough to
take away Vain ; but to Sleep, Quiettiefs of the Spi-
rits is alio required, as well as their Expanfon by
Relaxation ; fo that Pam may very Well be takeri
off without SUepj as it often is by Opium that al-
ways relaxes.

1;. How the P/«/w« that O/i/am caules, is (aj
was faid) by the fame Principles, and therefore of
die fame Nature with that which Animai Seed
Caufe Ijpon the Meml/rantty but that Ammal SreJ
.cauJes i: only upon one Part, and Opium upon t^f
Membranes of the Stomach, Venereal Purn, and
all other in general, and that only for a Momaa^
ijut ihu oiOpium for many Hours, by which Meanj
the EfeSt of Relaxtion by Pleafure come to be
jnore remarkable ; as after much ffine, whofe
Effeds is fomewhat lafiingand internal^ as that of
Opium is.

14. How the Rofin of Opium caufes its ill £/-
felfi by its Indite fiiblenefi, adhering ^uality^ and
tedious fiinging of the cxquifitcly nice Coat of the
Stomach, by continually leazing and urging it by
its Acrimony and acute Volatile Points or SpiciJa.

Therefore having, r. A mo^ perf^a and compleat
Sol- Volatile- Oleofum in Opium, of thefame pleafing
principles as to all Membranes, (as Animal Seed is
to the Membranes of Venus) whereby they muft
be pleafed, tickled, and relaxed ^ 2, A pemiciout
Rofin indigcftible, flicking, and arm'd with «r*-
monieui and fi'n^i«g Points, which muft highly
offend the taoHJenfile Coat at the Stomach ■ 1 am
now ready (by God's AJJifiance) to explain every
Phenomenon^ or Efell of Opium, however Amaz-
ing and Mj^erious^ hoping they will not remain
longCx CHAP.

tf Opiuo) fLevetFJ. so;

CHAP. XVI.

ite ExpUattlm of the EfiSi if Opiam xfti
Exttrnallji.

TS ISk&i Enenully uled an ofTwolorts,

. tither,

I. As an OfiatCf or pleafittg Ttckltr if tit Mtm-
;Or,

.11. As dp AltfTfS'tm pi the Parts dut it is ap-'
Hied CO.

Fir^j As an OfUtt or Pfca/er i/" the MenAnmet^
has the fame £^(5' as O^wiw ufed internal^,
nd for the lame R&albn ; therefore the Caufe of
ts Operation, in this Cafe, will be better leen
w the Explication of its Internal Efft^s^ which
^^e far more perfeft, coropleat, and certain.

SecmM^j As an Alterative of the Parts that it is
pplied to, which are the following, viz,.

r. It incidetj refilvei, and Ji/ciijfei by its point-
I, penetrating, and 'volatile Sale, infrnuating it
If into the Paru and Humours of the Animai,
icau(j its Particles are fine, minute, and agree-
Hc thereto, (as Menjtmumt to the Things robe
liiTolved:) Then by its yolatilitj it </</»«/« what

' has ft> tncided and refol-veJ.

z. It moUefei and relaxes by its Sal-f^glatile-Oleo'
(km fo refolving the farts and Humours^ and
ficreby kindly loolening them ; Thus Opiates, as
Sola.

to 8 The Myfteries

Sdamm tctbale^ (or deadly Night Shade) Hem.
tocky Mmdrake, &c. come to be of excellent Uft
in hard tumours of the Spleen, Topboufnefs^ &c.

3- It Maturates and Suppiratei for the aforefaid
Reafons, for nothing can better dilpofe towards
Maturation and Suppuration than relaxing, mellt'
fyfg, and refolvlng.

4, It exulceratei or caufes Blfjieri^ or at leaft
TuhtjUs tender Skins, if it be very ftrong, becaufc
of its Volatile Salt, as CamharUtSy Spearwort, and
other Things do upon the fame Account. But
this EjfeS belongs mainly to the true Mafiack, or
"OirQ-, that drops from the Incijions made in the
Heads of the PeppUij more efpecially the Theban^
whicli affords a moft powerful Jme^ for Exulce*
rating or Bliftering is but a ftronger, fuller, and
thcrdTore paitfd Rtfoluthrt, as you fee by the
Cuticle upon BliAers revived into a kuid <^
My.

f. It is Pfjlethrick for the fame Reafons, for
while it fb refblres the Parts, it loofens the Roots
of the Hair, and fo caules its fliedding.

6. h hurts the Eyes^ becaufe of its Acritnony,
by Rcafon of the Volatile Salt.

7. It caufes Itching in the Skin by the Titillation
of the fame Volatile Salt^ as you find by the Ap-
plication of SijuiSs, and the like.

8. It tMcitet Venery^ by the lame TiiiSation, on
the Ventral Membranes.

CHAP.

of Opium ReveaPJ, 2op

ju«

C H A I*. XVIL

The '^xplic^ioH of the EffeSs of , Opium ufed
internally in a moderate Doje.

NOte^ That becaufe Ofliim has been generally
hitherto ufed either Crude, or with its R'Jin
in it, the EffeSit of Opium are accordingly ConCv
dered a^ common Experience thereupon has given
OpfcTtunkj of Obfermng them ; but as I proceed ,
I ioall (hew you where the Refinous Part of Opium
IS concerned in the EffeSt.

I. It is manifefl why 6plH7ft may well ope-
rate 10 a very fmall Quantity^ as it umally does,
"becauie the lead Matter imaginable nffMs the
Senfes^ (as has been (hewn ; ) for the Thoulandfh
Part of a grain of Ambergrife^ Musky &c. affed^
die SmeUing^ the Hundredth Part of a Grain of
very acrimonious Things the Ta^Cy which cauies
very fenfibte Pleafure, or Difpleafure, acccrdlf^ a$
it is agreeable^or not ; much eaiier may theexqui.
(itely difpo(ed Membrane at Stomach, which is af-
fe^d with Things fo indefinitely (mall^ that no
other Senfe, or Membrane, can take notice of, ns
the Particles of Crocus Metallorum in l^omin, £/^
fiuvioi from a Cati Body, pepifcrms Effluvia^, and
the like j of all which the Stomacu is P> (enflble,
that they thereby caule moft violent Symptoms,
Which are ("as was (hewn) proportioned to the
Seniadoa Therefore it can be no wonder, that
^ Grain^ or lefs, of Opiums (bould affcA the fcnfile
Coat of the Stomachy and thereby caule a Sen(e
c:^f Vleafure ; for that which is nice to difcern
rfeving Particles, is (b to difcern pleafing ones.

210 The Myfteries

(as has been (aid.) Cujus efi Dolor ejufdem efi Fa-
hftus^ that is, VUafure^ and Diffleafitre^ belong
to the feme Part, and (as was Jhewn) in equai

Degree.

This proves, That it muft Operate by plca-
fingly aflteifting the Stomachy for it were otherwife
impoffible, that Co licde a Quantity ihould caufe
fuch remarkable EffeBs^ and tli&t Islefore the Oflam
is out of the Stomach ; but it is ordinary for the
Stomach to caufe mighty EffeSfs by its Seniation oS
very (inall Things, otherwife ihfenfible and incoo*
iiderable as to the Produftion of any obfervable
Effeffs ; and therefore ic would be a Miracle, if
it did any other fVay caufe luch great and name-
f ous EffeSfs. Helmont obferved. That Tro RemeJh
rejtattrativo Arch^i (five Anima fefifitii/a) turn re*
quiritur Unciarum & Drachmarum Quantitat^ fid
j>auca Grana j That is. Very little firves to eonAfP
the Archaik (or Sevfitive Soul; ) becauie it is QOOC
by Senfatioffy fas I have proved.)

2. It is as evident how a hot, brisk^ and 5^
Um.'volatile Thing, as Opium is, muft afieA tbe
finfile Coat of the Stomach in a fimt TtmCy as K#.
mitSj Turgersy &c. do ', which it docs moch IQ
the fame Time with thofe Things, that is, as loofi
as they infinuate themfelves through the Crufia
Carnofa of the Stomachy and reach itsfinfile Cmt,
which is the Reafbn th^t Opiumj Vomits^ Pur.
gers^ &c. make fome, and like Delay^ before they
Operate I Which is' alfo a Proof, that all of them
Operate by afFeAing the fenfile Coat of the Sto^
fnach^ all the Difference being, that one afieds
pleaiantly, 'as Wine^ Meat^ and Cordials^ and tbe
other by a grievous Senfation^

Tit

I
• ^ ^

of Opium Revealed. iii

Tie ExpUcatiott of the Cottjiant Ep3s df
Opiuta nfid. interhaBy^ &C.

I. The firft and hading Effect cf Opium is,
Caufing a mop a^ttabU^ fleafantj and charming
Sin/ation about the Region of the Stomach. This is
a Troferty that belongs to it onrni & femfer^ and
iadeed foli to Opiates^ if the Degree, Duration;^
and Finenels of the PUafure be confiJered.

How manifeft is its from what has beeft laid of
the moft Compleat and Confiimmate SalVolatile-
Oleofum of Opiumy which exactly agrees in Prin^
Ciples, &Ci with Semen Animaky that fo highly

J)leaies and titillates the Membranes^ with wliidt
r not only agrees in Principles^^giS wa$ Ihewn) but;

has them more aWve^ aSuating^ apd titillating^

than any Membranty that ic fnHft of necelTuy
highly pleaie all Membranes^ more efpecially fuch
as are moft exgui(kely diippfed for Senlation, as
the moft fevpk Membrane at Stomach is, not only
by its Jgreeablenefs, but by a moft Charming
Sifid Captivating Tttillathn^ that a(^uates and
cauies a fine Gyration, and fererie glowing of the
Sfiritus infiti of the Stomachy which makes k
pieafing in the higheft manner, having all the Re^
^Mi/t(es CO caule a Senfb of Vkafrre i and that is
qot all, k^ it being taken into the Bodjy it caufcs a
i^y. cvntinuedy ^ permanent fenfe of fleafure^
iifStch we muft necejfirilj carry along with ns as a
Vaide Me^um, even Sleeping or iVaking^ Refting cr
Moving^ or whatever we do^ or v,»berev€r we are j
by which Means^ it far exccUs all other Pleafures,
and coftfequently produces fuch mighty Eft Us j
all other Pleafures being momentary^ traftfttory, de^
faltpryy or interrupted, except that of irme,^ and

P 2 ' Cor-

I
>

± i 2 the Myflerits

Cordials at StomacL which therefore have the likejl
EffeSs to that 61 Opium y tho* they do not equal
it in the Intenfenefs or Duration of the Plcajure^

unleft tliey are repeated, (as indeed they' may be)
which made me to intimate. That drinkiiig a
good Glafs of PTtne every Hour^ and by titstt
Aleans keeping the frefh Pleafure thereof conti-
nually at the Stomach, (like that of Opium) is the
bcft Way to cauife a long Euphory of LJmir^
Journeys, &c. which may come near the Perfor-
mance of our Divine SdydatileXiUofum of Opktmy
tho* never equal it for Reaibns already fufficiendy
hinted, viz,, becaufe lytne wants its moft agree-
able Gompofition, and fine TttiBation of the V6^.
larile Salt that Opium and Animal Seed have.

Note^ That the P/e^y&re of Of iiw may, tofbme
inadvertent Verfons^ feem very indefinite, tho' it
is at Stomach, (as it muft be j becaufe the Vleafan
immediately relaxing all Parts, and gratifying the
Senfitive 5^1^/^ which informs the whole^ teems to
be general, tto* Originally only at Stomach.

2. Our Confimmate SalVolatiU-^OUofum muft-
caufe a blitb^ gay, and good Humour ; for being
piealed with any Thing (as is the Kulgar Obfrr^,
vation) caufes a good Humour^ iiow much more
muft fuch an intenfe, agreeable, and continual Plca^^

, pire, th^t we always, and every where carry i^
long with us, io do ! How common a Saying is it^
He vjos pleafed with fimewhat^ for I found him m
good Humour ! '

:;. The like is to be Slid of its cau/mg Tromftu
tude. Serenity^ Alacrity^ and Exfedkenefs in'Dif
patching and Managing of Bufinefs j for thefe are

hut natural and neceflary Conlequences of a
hlith^ gay^ and good Humour, and therefore al-
ways go together 5 for the/tf»/i;iw Soul being put

in

of opium ReveaTd. 2 r 3

in 3. fine Ovatian, by the continual Vkafare^ is
moreaftivej and having thereupon (as was (hewn)
wholly excured himfciffrom the Care, and foli-
cicude of (he Difc»Jive CommHion, and, in great
Mealiire, of the l^igiliitive Ca»iradiohn\ro, isniOrC
at leifure CO attend the Managery of other Affairs
witllOUt Dijirdlion ; bclldes, that Lc is ctQuand
and tnliven'd by the aforelaid Ovation of the-J
Sprriti^ and pleafing TitHLithn into an Alacritftf,
and Promptitude for any Bulinefs i with which alfo
he is lefi tired, becaufe he has faswasfaid^ rid
himfelf of the Fatigue of the ContTaiiims, that
fas was manifsftly proved) do caule LijJltttAe^
which otherwile can hardly touch or aff'eS him at
all in the Srate of Relaxation.

4. It muft caiife AJfi4rance, Ovation of the Spiritt,
Courjge, Magnamm:tjr, (as l-f^me does) by elevating
thi fin/iti'ue Soul by Pkafure, and a liigh TitiHation \
of thz Spiritus iifi'i, by its fu/jf;/(r P(»r(j aduaiing
them, as the j^nimd Semen does aWCreaturei in
Timet of Copulation, tho' it immediacely afTeifts
only the Venereal Mimhranes, but oursdoesa<ftuatc
them not only in thofe Mmbr.i7>ri, but alfo in the
more exquifftely dirpofcd AJewi^-^iBeiforScnfaiion-i
at Stomach, and fbon after, all over the Boify.

5. It prevents ami tjkes aiu.iy G'-itf, Fear, Anxif.,
riet, Peevifime/t, Fretfulnefs, 6"^. for the aforefaid 1
Reafom, which cau(e a bUth, ^.y, and gooJ tin- J
TOOtfr, Promptitude, Courage, &-c. for it is in)po(I«
iible to be gajr^ and good Hitmour'J, Serine, Ciiear.

ful, CouragiBUi, and Magnmimoui, and at the fame \
Time ScrroTiful, Fearful, Peevijh, Fretful, &c.
If the bare Senfe of an ordinary Meal of Meat at
Stomach, which Caufes but a flow Pkafure m com-
pariibn with Opium, takes o0" the Peevijlmef,
. FrctfulHfftj Cfc. that the grievous Senjatton of Him-
gtr caules, how mucli more mull the intenfe and
f harming Fleafure cauled by Opiums that is fo ag ree •
P ; able.

a 14 the Myfterie^

ahle. even far beyond tftnt it (elf, (as has bealj
fer foitli) take away all ill Hutfioart, Fretfuimfi,

Ohj. But it may be laid, That SUefmifs, ijirhjch
depends alfb upon RcUxariiti^ as the Efft^t of
'Pliafure do, caufes a Petvijh, frtiful Humour^ af
fa commonly obferved.

Anf. It is fo far otherwife in the Cafe of Q-
pMiOT, that it is quite contrary j for, i. The
ileepy are not Pecvifli, unlefs you put them by
(bme Means out of the PUafure of enjoying SUtf
or RtUxation^ for if you let them alone they will
not trouble you with Peevifhnefs, nor any ill //«-
tmur ; but it is the calling them from their reltxti
Condition^ to the grievous Task of CoMra&imt,
that vexes them ; fo that it is the fPatt of conti-
nuing under the K«Uxatian that frets them, and
the more, becaule the F-uigue and Trdium of Cew-
irefikr} dt8 put them upon the Rfl^f of Sletp^ of
which if diiappoimed, they are much vexed.

But in the Cafe of Opium^ you cannot fo ea/ily
rob them of their t'leafure-, which they carry con-
finuaily within them in an uninterrupted manner,
•jnlefi Corns very grUvaus Thing liappens, which
caufes more defenfive CantTaHtm than the Opium
caules Rdaxation ; tho* even this alio is generally
fdon overcome by the PUafure conrinually inviting
the Relaxation^ and promoting it, whereas the
Inierruptions thereof are travfitorj\ but at the
worft it is \^KA taking more Opww, and xXycWork
is done i for, \ oblerve, that the Z)s/e of Ofmm
Injft be' fufficient to introduce fuch a Serife of
PUafure as caules a Relaxation of the Carttracim
caufcd by the Grievanci : Hence it is certain, that
a greater Pain requires a larger Dofe of Ofium, (as
hai been intimated.) - * —

f-m

of Opium ReveaFd. 2 1 5

tf. All know, that Tleafant Diverfions^ as Muficky
tkafant Jtfii and ^Storitiy fine Sights^ &c^ do
Canfe IS^ufhory^ and an tafie undergmng of Journeys^

Labewr^ &c. Therefore^ if luch interrupted, tran-
fienCf and flight Pleafnres^ do it ib much, it will
be eafily granted me, that a continual, and more
hanfe Fkaftircj that is always prefent without any
Interruption or IntermlJJion^ (as that of Opium) muft
cauie a more eminent and permanent Euphory^
proportioned to tlie Pkafurey which caufing Re-
laxathn^ prevents the Fatigue for LaJJitude) that
is cauied only by Contractions, either ^igilative^
Dtfen/iue, or Intent ive, (as I have proved J

S6 that I do not conceive, how the NoBamhtU
(or liich as Walk in their Sleepj can ever be tired,
if they Travelled ever {o far, (if they could Eat
and Drink) becaufe the Relaxation of the Sleep
recruits them as much as they fpend of Spirits, &c.
fe Perlbns that caule fiich Relaxation by Opium^
^d fo repeat it as to maintain the Relaxation^
can hardly be weary j which is the true, pjain,
and Micbanical Reafon, why the Turksy znd other
Edfiem People^ do^ by the Help of Opium, per-
form prodigious Journeys without being tired ;
Whidi may therefore ( in Allujion to the NoiUmi-
•Mi) be (iaird OpiambuU, (ov Opamhuli) as being
a kind of Artificial NoBambuli, becaulc they are
ttQch relax'd by the Pleafure that Opium cau(es, as
tht Other are by Sleep. Qui Latitid afficiuntur
{fky^ SaniloriUs) nuBam in Itinere Defatigationem
fentiunt j That is^ The Merry are not Ireary^ (as

die Saying is) becaufe Mirth, being pleafaiic,
cauies Relaxation^ as Opi$im does, in feme mea-
liife.

V 4 UoU^

2i6 . The Myfteries

Note, That as to all the foregoing ferene and
Irisk EffcEts^ a full and liberal V^fpiration^ vrindtt
it alfo caufes^ (as will be ihewn) contributes much
thereto a pfttriori \ lor, as Fire bqrns flowly and
dully,.if the Smoak dqcs by any nieans Tcnirn
upon, it, apd very ferene if not, (b it is with the
FlAme of Ufe^ if clouded with, or clear*d froni
Vigours by Per/piration. San£tor. SeiSb. 7, Aph. 17.
M lancbclia fuperatmr libera Terfpirationiy ^ Apb.
30. 31. Einlid aperientia Gaudium movent ; That iS|
Such as open the Poris^ and caufe Perfpiration^
caufc Jo/ or Mrtb.

7. It luSsy foothsy andy as it were^ ebarmi tbe
Mind 'with Confent and Acqniefcenc^^ for the fi* •

veral Reafons couched in (he Premiles, and be*
caufe the fine^ continual, and charming Pleafure cf
Opiumy (fiich as fome QlaJJes of generous /f^ffecauies)
muft needs haye fuch an Effelh

8. It ^Hiets^alla/s, and compofes aU Perturbations
and Commotions (f the fenfipive Soul^ Spirits y 0'c.
1. Becaufe it (b luUs^ Tooths ^ and cbarnts the fr^
five Souly (as i^ aforeiaid) who is the Original of
all Motions in ihQ Animal. 1. Becaufe all Motions
are, by the Relaxation, proportionably abated (af
was demonftrated) Thus Opium takes off Hjpe.
rick Fitij Fevers from Commotions 6f the Sprit;,
Convulfions^ Stops Hemorrhages^ (of Bleeding^ <>t«

9. It canfe's a Relaxation if alf tl^ fi^fil^ Parts lef
the Bfidfy by Realbn of the grea^ and continual
Pleafure that it caules \ and how PUaJi^e caufes
kelaxationy t have fhe\Vn in Chap. 14.

'' 10.. J» caufes Indolence y or Exemption from Pam^
by caufing to high and lafting a Pleajitre ;, x. Be*
caufe that Pleafure takes' up the Attention of ^
fenjitive Soul^ who delights in't. 2, Becaufe a
yef/»yi^ of Pleafure and Pain caiinot bc at the fama

X^mi in tbe fame ^uljfH^ being, diey are Comrarki.

, t V

o/Gpium Reveatd. 217

Bccaufe the Mcmhramt being relaxedj and the
\imal 5;»rirj expanded, the Imptcffionsof Pain
_ tnnot be carried to the ferfni'ut Soul, becaufe
they cannot convey Imfrejjiotts fmartly being thus
relaxed and expanded, (as has been demonftrated
by the Comparifon of a Gut half full of Jir, &c.)
d all ImprfJJkm of Pain muft be fmart, or el(e
By are not Impreffions of Pain \ for gentle Im-
t^om ate fuch as belong to Oils, jmooth^ and
' Tbingj^ or when the Animal Sfiritt can hardly
ry any Imprtjfiam, but gently, as in Shtf, and
ler Rilaxatims^ as that upon P/w/nrfjCS'ir, which
lur Cafe.

-JJiiw, That it will caufe Indolence without caiifing
^ftpy becaufe SUtf requires Relaxation and ^w
the Spirits, but Indolence requires only Rdaxatim,
; was ihewn) which always follows the charm-*
I Pkafure of Opium.

II. It ftops^ moderatts^ or falliites mnfi Fluxet^
[d promotes Perfptration ; becaufe the Re/axation
kes away the lenfe of the Irritation of Humours,
hich caufes a CmtraSion to Iqueete them out,
id that the lame Relaxation opens the Peres, to let
ic Fttmcs out, which paft by their own Le-viiy
pon the opening of the Pores. Nihil magu (fays
taiQoriiify Scifl. 7. Aph. 6.) reddit libcrsm Perjpi-
ttionem ^uam Animt ConfolaiiOf (out •voluptat) Sc
Lph. 1 9. Animi ConfoUttOy quacuncjue de caufd^ af:-
it mtatm, d^ largam Perfpirationem facit .

Now you may perceive why Opium, and good
hrdialJ, do moderate Fluxes by Stool, even be-
are they are out of the Stomach, becauft the

Kltafttre there caufed relaxes all Parts^ and thereby
^^wfme an Expenjian of the Animal Spirits^ the

id&qF the Irritatm is bft, becaule the Expanded

-•■■"■■ ' • ■ Spiral

218

The Mji/ieries

Spirits cannot carry the Imfrejfuns fmartly to the
fm/itive Soul, which mutt be, to canfe a fivje of
Irritation^ oi gritvom StnCaiion : By the /arm: Rea-
fon, only warm Trencben applied to the BeSy, or
fitting upon a warm Swl^ &c. tnoderates a Looft-
ntfij becaufe the Fleafure of the Warmth relaxes,
and fo takes away a Tenfe of the Irritation by the
afbrefaid Expanfon ol the Sfiritt.

12. I have jiiji mw Jhtwa hovf it promotes infen.
(ihle Perfpiratien, viz,- by the ReUx/ttion opening
the Pores, and letting out the Fames; which I
need not have mentioned again bat for Order
ftke, that all may thereby fee, that I evade rlie
Explication of no Effeift, nor, indeed, need I, for
they are now obvious enough, even without my
Explication^ to any Sagacssm Perfoa ; ib that the
PLiinneft may give greater caufe to pafs over fome
untouched, than the Difficultj \ but it is not fit
that either fiiould caufe any Omifiion in fuch a
mighty Concern, that was never Explicated, and
fcarce ever thought pollible.

1 3. Opium prevents Shsvtrings in Ague Fstt, be-
caufe that (for the Reafons aforeiaid) it takes
away the (enfe of tlie Irritating Humours that caijfes
them.

14. It prevents ami cures CoWj, by the Relaxa-
tion that its P/eafure caufes, whereby the Pares arc
kept very open, and PerJ'piration (as was Ihewn)
promoted. Befidcs, that it preventing the Sen-
fation of, hinders it to conftringe the Pores, by
cauling a grievous Senfation.

i^. It caufes a larger and flower Pulfe, becaute
of the Relaxation that the imenfe and emitimial
Pkafure caufes, by wliich the Arteries are widenerft
and the Motion made ilower ; r. Becauie the
Animal Spirits are weakened by the Relaxation oS
their VelTels, and their Expanfosi thereopon;
2. Becaufe the (enfe of Irritatiw, by wtnch t' '
fietin is Iblicited to move fafter, is lolt, 1 6.

]

of opium K&veatd. % i ^

%6. It caufii Drinefs in the Mouthy (as Sleep
doth i J I. Becaufe the Dilatation of the Gbo-
dules, by the Relaxation, detains and fufpends tbe
Humcuri ; and a. Becaula the Senfatton being
Icflen'd, the Membranes that include the Salival
QlanduUi are not irritaced to CaniraGion fo fqueeze
out tbe Saliva (or Spittle.) }. Becaufe the Pnlfe
is flower to caufe an Extrufion of the Humours.

17. ItiiM moft EffiU in-wjrmand moiji mother,
becaufe both Warmth and Moifture promot« Rt^
Utxationf by whicii Opium does (upon the Accoturi
of the Pleafure it caiifes) perform its Eg'eih. \

18. Jt hat more EfecJ uponfim aud U-c T.xtmi^
for the fame Reafon, atid becaufe their AV«/«ri«
b more nice, and afFetSed more wirh Pleafmg at
Grieving Thines ; Therefore it afie«5(s ChtUrtn
and Wumtn, specially the Nice, and Delicatej
more than Men; which may be the Re.ifon why
Wlmtn do not ule Opium, in the E^Jle-n Cointtrejt,
as much as Men.

I p. k taufes an EffiortfeetMe (or RedncG) ofthfl
Skin, (as Sleef or IVine do) becaufe the Skin be-
ing relaxed, admits the Bluud to come into it very
freely, as Cold, Fear^ &c, conirai^ing tbe Vartt
of the Skiii^ repel it, or (quepfe it out, or hack
again j Thu* Perlbns that drinlt much, get Red
NofeJ, by frequent Jifi(«at«»j of the Skin, which
widen the Roads of the Bloud more and more \
Hence it is that the Bags at a Turky-Cock's Neck
are red when he is pleafed, and loon pale again
when difpleafed.

20. /' iiffeUs the Genm' Nervofam, or Animal
Spiritsy (which is a common Obfcrvation) more
than the Bloud, becaufa it Operates by affeding
Senfatim, wherein the Nerves and Memhranei are
mofl concerned, and not by altering tht Bloudy to
which it bears no Proportion^ to cau^ any remark-

fcW'^ T=^' Note,

220 The Myfteries

Note, How plainly this Conce0an of all Attthert
confirms what 1 faid, viz.. That it does not ope-
rate as an Mteraltvt of the Bloud, c^c. but by af-
J'tQi'ig Senfatiapf as I have proved.

ai. It increafet Seed in fomt Meafure, becaule it
' adminifters a SalVota:iU.O!eo/um of the fame Na-
ture with itt and by its TitiHation folicices and in-
vites the fending of its Matter that way, as is
obfervable in fucfi as ule much Tuiliasion ; but to
fpeak fUinlj and mechanically, I think that this
mainly happens, becaufe of tlie Rdaxauon of the
Parts admitting (as was faid of the Bffiorefcence
of the Skin by Relaxation) the Bloud, or Mate-
rials of Seed, more freely into the TefiicUt, and
all the Seminary Ve^i, efpecially, being that the
Titillation caufes an oftener emptying of the fame,
in order to receive thole Materials with leG Op^
Jitwn^ for Quod ititus eji probibet alienum^ that is,
li'hat IS within hinders the entrance of oiber Matter j
Nothing can receive more than what it can con-
tain, but what is often emptied can fuccefllveiy
receive much.

22. It caufes a great Tromflituit to Venery, E-
refliww, &c. f efpecially if the Dofe be larger then
ordinary) becaule being of the fame Prtrscifles
with Animal Seed, and (in all probMlity) Some-
what more tttiliating, and of like Principles (x\\o'
more gende) than Camharidei it mult highly

more gentle; than i^ambanaei it mult highly
ritiSate thofe Parts, and conlequently caufc a
great Promptitude to yenery.

4

CHA^J

o/ opium ReveaFd, 221

CHAP. XVIII.

"Xhe Explication of the jre^uent (tho' not
conjiant) Efe3f of Opium, in a Mode-
rate Doje.

I.T7 caufts SUep, becaure it highly di^fes
J. thereto by the RtUxatwn that its fUafure
caufes- Thus Mufick, agrttabU FrUatloni, and
many other TUtifum^ nay, ai) that are confiftent
with fy'^g) or Jirihig ^iH, and filenr, incline us to
Sleep ; but none can compare with the fivtet,
toniinitol, and tratijcendent Pleafure of Opium, that
we carry along with us for many Hours ;
whereas other Plenfurei are either retnils, or iiv-
terrupted, or tranfient in their Wrffwre; (or eowi-
matice in gentle Vleafure, as the fall of pyattn^
Whirling of fP'inJs, ellefts much towards Sleep,
Vo Imei^'emfi does al(b, tho* mortmtary, as that of
Vtnm ; how much tlien mull a continual and in-
ttnfe Pleafure caufe it, efpecially when Riji, Si-
j &»«, &c, is added thereto.

^B Note, That Sleep is fo far from being a Property
Hlbf Offum, that it does not belong to it omnij feli,
li or femper h yet Veople have generally Iook*d upon
Sleep as fuch, which caufed many Erroun.

z. It caufet fUafdnt Dreams, becaufe the viery
Sleep is caufed and continued by Pleafure^ when
it is by Opiur» ; which Pleafure being all the time
we Steep within us, muft needs (uggeft pkafant
Dreams, or none, for how can lad and melancholy
Dreams (eife one that is in a gay and pltafam Condi-

I urn, as far as one in Sleep is capable thereof
5. a

tti2 The Myfteries

J. hfiops Vomiting j i. As it doth other Fluxes^
by taking away the fenfe o{ Irritation. 2. By
l^hly pleadn^) ^2)4 thereby quietivg^nd compofiig
the Commotion of the Stomach. 3. By relaxing it,
Wliict) pppofe the Qgntr^SfiQp, by wbicb Vomitipg

4. JiT fiiUs Hiccoughs for the fame Reasons.

y. if ^j«/e/ Convuljions and CentraSHons toaafe,
!• I^caufe it induces a Relaxation^ which takes
tfaem off. 2. By taking off the fenfe which the
hruating caufes* ' ;• By comfodng the Spirits.

6. b caufes the Mea^ to (tay long at Stomachy (as ,
Sleep does;) i. Bj relaxing the Stomach ^^ fb that
It is not iiibjeA to contrail to fend it out. 2; Bj
fiHlkig all Motions^ whereby the Stomach grows
piopprtionably una<9tive. 3. Becapfe tht Relaxa.
tim oppofes thQ QontraStion^ by which the Mtn*
Prmun is fent into the Stomachy or the Saliva into
the Mouth ; both which are therefore much want-
ed in Sleef for thp like Rsafon {as has been JheTi/n. ) '

7. It moderates and prevents Hanger • i , Becaofe
(as was faid) the A^firuum is hot K> plentifully ,
fern or fqueefed into the relaxed Stomach. 2. Be-
caofe it takes away the feqfe of Hunger. 3. Be-
canfe it leaves the Meat to ftay too long at Stc*
ffuuh, by Reafqn that it is relaxed, more infenfible
and proportionably languid in motion (as in
Skef)

8. It caufes Sweaty when the Body is full of moi-
fturcy (as Sleep doth) by relaxing, and thereby
opening the Vores \ ai^d not (as People cora-
iDonly talk) by attenuating^ and the like^^ for a
Qram of Qfinm bears no Proportion to the BUud
and Humours : That %t caufes it meerly as Sleep
docsy is mantfefl, not only becaufe it bears not a
doe Proportion to the tfirk^ as an Alterative^ but
becaufe Men cjo not Sweat in that Cafe (as in
^leep) without much moifture in the Bodj^ where-
as

of Opiw^ RroeaPi/. 223

as much would not bs attenuated as loon as lefs :
Therefore it is only ta Exudation ol* the Humours
upon a Plenty thereof, and opening of tlie Pores.
Sanilorim, Seit. i . ApB. 22. " Iivi/Ma Verjpratiafit
'•^ 'vifibila,' qitanJo I^utrimmSum tfi tiimiHpi ^ That
is, Inv'ifihU Perfpiraticn bctomts vifiblt (Sweat)
■uihen tiourijlimeat ("or meiflure) a too mucb^ which
esaftly agrees with that of Hippocrates cited in

p. Ic ceufa ths Mtnfa to fio-u>, when nothing is
wanting but tlie opening or relaxing of the Ki*
or Tores they JfTue out at, as when they are natu-
rally too narrow and clore ; as upon the hrft Ten-
d^ncy to them in young Girls, or when ftopt by
Stafoa of any undue ContraUton thereof, as by
Tain, Cold, SorrtnVj or other grievem PaJJions, all
which do clofe the Pores. Beiides, it docs irritate
thofe very ienfile Venereal Parts to EreSlion j and
1 have reafon to think, that it does by a eemral
Relaxation, caufc an Jncreaje of BioicJ, as it does
of (he Breads, Milky Oc. caufing, as it were, an
■Mrt^al Puberty^ or (at leall) much promoting
the Natural, and theretbre is of excellent Ufe ia
thisCale in Judicious Hands, tho' little thought of
in traSict.

'/. Here I may be fure of an ObjeBlo
t flops all Fluxes, but Sweat or Perfpiratk

Th«

Htfl(

^K jitif. It is isfalfe as it is a common fafmg^ if they
Hjdo not mean only fuch Fluxes as proceed from
^^^ievoia Senfatian, and ContraEtion thereupon ; for !
how can that which relaxes all Parts, ilop any_|
Flux thatdepends upon Relaxation ? as StiUicidium ,
UririM by Relaxation of the SfbinBer of tlie Blad-
Jer, isrvoluntarj Flux fer Anum by the Relaxation
of its Sfhintter, and iuch like i io do I fp^ak of
a Flux that may often depend upon Rihxaiian,

224 . XheMyfteries

Obj. But it may be objeQed^ That it particularly
ftanches Bloud, how then Ihould it promote the

Aienfes?

Jlnf. Experience tells me it does^ and Reafin
confirms it : Ic fiancbes Bloud^ by compofing the
Fury of its Motion^ but that does not hinder^
but it may relax the Vores for Sweaty Menfes^ Lm-

I would fain know ? confidering al(b the TstUU-
tion that it caules upon thofb Vettered Varts^ which
may very much iblidte their motion.

lo. It caufes the Lochia to pw for the lame
Realbns that it does the Menfesi This I have great
Experience in.

Note^ That the Menfes^ Lochia^ and Per/psratien,
are Natural Evacuations that have Pores aefigned
for them by Nature, the opeoing of which by Re^
i^jr^#0» muft make 21^^ for them : Suppole, when
the BlouJ flows fo much into the Skin as to caofe
an Efflorefcence, by the Relaxation thereof, after
Opium is taken, that there were Pores to carry oat
Bloud, as there is for Sweat, why (hould not one
flow as well as the other ? But there are (uch Pores
for the Menfes and Lochia, and large ones too, and
therefore ic muft promote them ; and why fhould
not Relaxation do it, as well as ContraRion^ by Cold^
Tttrour, Griefs &c. ftop them ? for the Effeils tf
Contraries are contrary.

II. It caufes the Stone to pafs ; i , Becaufe it re-
laxes^ and io widens the Pajjage. 2. Becaufe it
may move with litde or no Pain, which contract
the Parts, and h hinders its Paflage, thereforfe
the Ufe of Opium^ with foitlfc other Helps, is the

greateft

_ of opium Reveal^ J. ' 22 g

^reateft Meansthat (^n be, or ever will be,rortha
iww, till the DiJJbluiiott of it is found out, not
Only to give Eafe in theCa/e of the Stone, but to
Caufe it to pafs ; for both which Purpofei It excells
all ThingSj and doth both at once.

12. It caufes the UeU-veyy of H'omen^ by relaxing
the Neck .of" the IVam!;^ as it docs chat of th^
* BUddtr to tieUi-er Perfons of the Stone, but in ths
Delivery of IVomen it is not to be ufcd but in par-
ticular Cafes, and by a very Skilful Hand ; I. Be-
caufe it is apt to take off all the IVomem Paint,
and Throws, and (b quite difappoint the Delivety
for 3 day, 2, ;, 4, or qiore Ibmetimes. 2, Be-
cabfe it caufing a great Relaxation, the Parts after
Delivery will be very unapt to tlofeandxontraiS
duaiy as they (hould in fuch Cales, otheiwife fe-
veral Inconveniences may enfue. 3- U may bd
pernicious upon tlie Account of the Evacuatiot*
of Bloud that then happens. But riiefe Things
belorig more properly to the Ufe of Opium irf
Cure.

I J; It caufes DeaJnefi ^ the tyes, (is in Drttf
hnefs,(i-e.) becaule ihQ Cornea is relaxed, IbthSf
the Humoan do not fill it up to a fen/e JJaitfW/r;',
M when 'tis rhore contracted;

X4. It caufet the VupiWi to dilate, bec^ufe of IMH
Gme Relaxatim.

I J-. Zt caufet a Crfftvtb of the Breaf, Pt^isj atii
increafe of Milk, by Reaibn of the tailie Relaxa-
fion, aS the Pleafurc of the Seihen upon Pubctty
<^oes, or as Emollients and Relaxiri applied to ths
JBre^^.(, increafc Milkjd^c. by making mOrcRoonJ
for it, dfc.

16. It taiifet Vtriereai Dreami, beCaCife of tlifl

fiSaiioit of the Venereal Miinbranes chat it caufts.
17. It iaufes NoBurnJ Collations Jb'r th^ Umt
aion, and bscaufc it rckxe' the Parts*

<1 i%-tt .

i26 The Uyfieri^

1 8. Js cduftt luhitigs in tbt Skln^ bccauferfifl

Titillation by its Volatiu Salt .

19. It caufts much Urine, a% CantbarUts^ Btti^
PIfmire, Millepe<{a\ &c. do, by its roUile S<ilt;
whicli titilUtefr and irritates thole Parts, by its ro:
laxing tlie Pores of the Kidneys, and rcndring
the Hnmoofs more penetrathigj in forae mcalurci
by the Volaiih Sak.

zo. h caufts a Naufea, by its Rojin flickingto^
and te^izing the fenfile Coat of the Scomatb. Thtf
Reafon why it is generally (b long before itcatw
a Naujia or Vomifing, is, that hs Pleafure docs at
firft prevent it, tiii at lalt the flicking Rofin urgei
it by its long Stay, and vexatious Adherence.

II. It caufes Sunmmitgi in the Head by Confcn^,
when the Stomach is grieved by that Rufin, as yoi*
find upon Naufias before Vomiting, or when aill
Thing does much offend the Stom<xch., as much
Einnk or W/Hf, which when they have VomitetL
diofe Sivimming! ceafe. j

22. It eaufei IV^tching in Ibme Perfons, wW
are of very moveMe Spirits, by abating and ftir»
ring^ Bheir Spiiits by its atftive l^oiatile Salty tho'il
docs' at the fame timg pleafe the MembravtSy and
confequcritly relax the (enfile Parts, and thereby
cailfe Indolence, the Efit(ft of Relaxation; whicl(

it alfo does, when People keep themfelves frotnr.
Sleep by voluntary Motion, and therefore takes aw«
Pain, eten' when Men Travel, &C' '^

Befidcs, there are fome fort of Perfims, tha)
upon J.y, good Ntii/i, fleafure, or the like, art!
too much elevated, or have a re^Ufi Ovation of th«
Spirit 3 ^ which- will not fuffer them to Sleef, tho'
they are in a Phafant Condition all the time ; TfA
may be the Cafe of fome that cannot Sleep after.
Opium, tho' they arc all the Time (as they call it^
in a He.ivenlji Condition, for (as 1 have iaid) 1
^ietnep.

of opium Reveatcf. 327

i^Utntfs of [he Spirits is requilice to caufe Sleep,
as well as Rtlaxation, but Relaxation alone, and
thereby Expanflon of the Spirits, fo that they can-
not carry ImpreJJions fmarc!y> is fiifftcient to caufe
tndeltnet ; and the Pkafure to caufe a Hei.ven'y (or
very pleafdnt) Condition. Sanitor. Stat. Med. SeA.
7. Aph. 28. fays, That Latitia ferfiveTam per mu)'
tos diet fomntim tntpedit ; Ptrfevtrirtg Vltafure maV
tfo the fame, by like Reafon^ that is, too much
Agitation 01 Ovation of the Spirits.

Sometimes too large a Dofe caufo WauLing^ by
b»er-aftcating and exciting the Sfirits : Mc*.
ttimm 'vini gemrojij^ & AUium ('lays San&orm)
tenciliaw fornnam, & Perfpimlionem, fi -veto plut
jufio Jtimantur, utrum^ut frohibenty fcrjpirabile ttimea
ta Sudertm convertuvt-, that is, ^. little gtmrcut
Wine and Garlick will caufe Slup and Terjpiraliottf
hit toe much binder buthy yet ihey scrrvert the perjpi-
table Matter to a Sweat ; which IVive and Garlick i
have the Nature of Opiates, and the Reafon why j

^Jiey Sweat, is, the Qitamity of the limine affording ■

BUore MoiRure, Hippocrttes (ays.

WL 23- -^ dahiotts State hitween Sleeping and li'Aking,
is caufed, when the Relaxatim, upon the Vlealure
of Opium^ inclines to Sleep, but the irrequiete
Ovation of the Spirits^ by the Vleafitre and fitilla-
"■jwn, will haidly fuflfer it, yet highly plealcs, and
s them in a fwtct agreeable Condiiion.

CHAt*.

228 The Myft^ries

A I ■■ ■ .1 ■■■ ' I — y»— iwi

C H A P. XIX

irte Explication of the rare EfeSs of Opium

in a Moderate Doje*

1, "I ?* caufes ten^forarj Pulfes of the Bladder^ mi
Jl fametimts of other Parts^ by ks over relaxing

th^ Parts^ and caufbg thereby an Exptnfion of the

Klafiick Spirits^ which fas was demooftnuedj

weakens their Motim.

1. Fakring of the Tongue does (as in Retax^aim

by Drmnkemufs) proceed from the fame Cauie.
}. Loofmefsoftiie Lower Jaw^ as you lee in the

prowfy and Drunken People, is from the lame

Relaxation.

4. It fimetimes prevents* Sweaty by caulUlg a
v&ry Liberal Perffiration (as was Ihewn } ) for ("ai
SanBorius lays^ who (hould know it) much ioleo^
fible Perffiration and Sweat cannot confift^ elpe-
cially in a Temperate Per(bn> who Eats ixA
Drinks moderately ; Therefore, if you keep a
Perfen^ that Sweats much at Nighty in a free
Terfpiration 7t\\ Day^ by the Help of an Opiate^

'youMl much lefTen or totally prevent the Sweat at
Eighty as in Confumptive Perfonsy &C.

5*. It caufes ' Abortiony by relaxing the Neck of
the Womb^ which alio the Pleafure of Coitioa
ibmecipes does for the like Realbn^ and wodd
be much more apt to caufe it if it continued long,
as that of Opium does. Note the Inconveldence of
Cot ion after Impregnation ; This is the great Caole
that IVhores are not apt to bear Children^ becaule
Frequency of Pleafere dncs orcrTelax the CoBsm

Uteri,

0. »

o/ opium RevearJ. 22$

^. It preventi Abaritm^ when Fear, Tcrrour, or
any contraAing Caufe, as Grief, grievoui Pa/Jiom^
or Sevfatiom, do threaten it, by its taking off the
Contrjilion and Gfieva-:ce that caiiles it.

7 IntHmcfcence of the Lips is from their iie/.ix'^r
(WW, admitting the Bloud and Humours into thetn
. in a plentiful manner; befides, that their LaxiV/,
and the Inadvertency occafioned by the Diverting
Tleafure or Droiffntfi that follows, letting tlie
Lower Lip hang doA'n carelcfly (as is ufual in fuc*!
Cafes) may by expoflng much more of that Li^
(which is mofi concern *d in this i;/t£?J make l>
leem larger, as a hanging LI'? does.

8. It mgji cu.-e a Dropj), (as Dr./i^-I?i< doth in.
ftance •, ) i. By caufin^ a free Ferffiratkn, wMch
is much wanted in thole Cites, i. By relaxing
the f erf.', and making way for the Humours to p.>i=.
3. By cauting much Uri^ie^ as Cartih-iridei, AJiSt'
feJei^ 0-c. do, upon the Account of their ru/«n7ir»
tf^/, with which Qfmm ^iboundi.
\ p. h curti SsupiiTs that proceed fionj ContreHi-
!», as by CoU, &c. by relaxing all Parts.
\ 10. If eaufei Anxittin and iJiprrJJa, by thcR'-f^
Jicking and teazing the Stom.ich.

1 1. t^omiiiagt and Hiccaughi proceed from the
nc CMfe.

< II, Convulfi-m are caufed by the fame S^yBw,
iPhi.'e It ContintLiily urges the Somacb to grieTJout
yemitiagi, which at lalt draw other Parts (as the
StoniMb ufually does when under great Griti'.mcti)
into violent Cumrailiam or Convulfi'ini by confent,
to cnde.ivour its Affiflance^ becaufe ilie dtfcfivt
Contraifien growing very high by the alniolf in-
tolerable and tedious Grievance at 5re«wci", caufes
a mighty cotitprejjlon of the fpringy AnintJ SpinD,
by which Means they grow very forcible, irre-
quiete, and violently Ipringy, under the urgrwy

If an enormous Compre/fure, which caiXcs fuch
artvul^vt Mutism. Q_3 ''^"f.
i. ^

230 The fAyfieries

Note^ That fuch a 'violent Comfreffian of tfM(
Atimal Spirits into a great fpriogineG^ is dk(
caufe of the Strength of Commlfivc htithm^ b
that fometimes a ftrong Man can hardly hold
a Child's Limb in fiich Cafis.

13. Syncopes, LeifothymieSj and FMntmgs^ iA*
low^ when the fenfitive Sod being quite tirU^
and overborn by the Fatigue of (iich Difirejfes^ F^
mhlng^i^ and Dtfenpve ContraQionSy to reje& and
excuS tlic (aid adhering and teaz4ng Itj/fe, yiddi
it felf to Refi^ and lets go the Reigns of Cwirrji5|i-
cn as being fi uitleis, and no longer endur4)le ;
whereupon all the fenfiU Parts bqiog relaxed in
the higheft Jegree^ they thereby grow unfit Sir
Seniation^ and the minimal Spirits expand as^as
the Atmofpberical Cowprejfure permits them^ £> cbac
they grow incapable to convey Imfrejf^^ by
which means Scnfe fails, and Motion alio ior wt
fame Reafon^ becaule the Animd Spiriis \ooR
their fpringy Endeavours for want of a iuflident

Qomprejfion to render them flippant ibr the Par-
pofe ; which is the Caule (as in Sleep) that Scnft
and Motion fail together \ of the great Verjfhra^
tion^ and all other Effc£ls of ReUxatum in liicb
Syncopes or L,eipotbjmies.^ in a yet higher Jegrd
th^n in Sleeps wherein the fenfitive Soul does not
quite let go the Reigns of Contraition^ as appear^
by the Motions that remain, as of the^ Hearty Dti
tefiines^ &c. tho' far niorc remifs in Sleep than in
a Waking State. ' '

Note^ That fuch Leipotbjmies are (as washintetf)
of the fame Nature as Steep is, but that they ird
fiiddain^ more profound^ ^nd not fbufual^ natura)^
and of courfe, as Sleep is^ which makes theoi
more amazing and furpriT^ng ; tbetefort it follows^

that diey ar^ (as Skep is> a Means of ^crmi^

Whw

cj opium RevfaPcf. 231

tvhen' ^1 working and tugging by Defevjiue Cm.
traQlons fail, andlo thelaft R^fugt of the fenfuive
Soul, when over-tired, in order to recover Strength
for A frerti Engagement with the Enemy ; (as be-
ing tired at Ni£if, the /fn/S">iw 5w*/Ioofensrhe
Rigns of ContraSion to enable hini the better to
fat) to his /fori the next Day:) This you'll find
by all Reafon and Experhnce to be the true Suez
of Ltiposbymiei upon Grievances and Pmigues, cho'
not hitlierto mindKi (that 1 know of.)

Many true and ufeful Confeijutmes do hence foW
low; as, That we'are not always todilluib them,
or put them out of thele rtcruiilng Liipitbjmiet
by grievous Means, as Prickings^ Pimhiugi, C-c.
Wt only by Corlmh and RtfrejhiTig Things^ as you
would Treat a Perfbn much tired ; or by letting
(hem take their N.?;) (if I may fo call itj if there
be not very eminent Danger. But 'tis endleft,
and belides my Purpofe, to make a particular
Vifceurje of this Matter, which will bdong more
properly to my Traft of Animd Mecbamfm,

14. Deafi happens (omecimes, tho* very rarely,
and that in very weak PeapU that take little or no
Sujiehiinct\ bccaiife either when fallen into fuch
Syntopei, they nevercome out of them, by Reafon
ihat they have not within them wherewith to re- ^
emit their Spirin, or, that OpiuM takirjg them
much fpentand tired with Diliempers, caufes, as
in weak and wearied People, a moll profound So.
for^ which not recruiting them, who take or di-
geft no Suftenance, they mull rather grow weaker
and weaker, (for fomewhat is liscnt while we live)
and confequently theSUep or Sopor more and more
frifomd, till they Sleep their lalt, for ■want of
feme Recruit, which is the very Thing that natu-
fjdly- leflens Sleep and awakes us, when tliere is no
Q 4 otHfef

I

232 The Myfteries » %

other appjrent Caufe ; f »r as the being nWj, ana
wiM of Recruit, caules Sleep, To the havh^ $1
CJufes IVabrtg^ or (which is the fame in £§t3)
no farthsr need of Rtlaxstion for Recruit's laVc,
fo that the fenficive Soul fall to his ufeful Work
of VigiUtive Cantrailion for Scnfe and Afcfiow'i
fake.

I y, 7; fometimet caufts Turging, which happens
(as far as 1 have obferved, or can learn) only
when ic is given in a good Quantity to Ferlbns^j
^ ^Tong D'gtfiion or canine ji^oettle.

The Cafe is thus i When Perfons, that are
^ firsag Digefiien, take a Rffimm Opiate in good
Quantity, they do in great meafure by their fixed
Salts at Stomach, and ftrong Digejiim, fubdue tha
yvUtility of the Ofium, and diflblve its R^fm^
which then (as actintmieus Rftm^ or Votu'ifi fiit-
dued by fixf Salt^ ufe to doj caules Vurginl ;
Hence it is, that it generally (if not always)
Purges D.:gs, and People Of a high camne yippc.
tite, and that fometinies meeting luch fixed Saks,
it Purges the Confumptiije. BarthoUne lays. That
Mitvirake Juice furget ivben it meets ivitb asrimo-
mius fixe/l Halt, Erajius and Q^ercelan Ao i%rca.
That it has a Purgative Quality, but that it docs
not always exert it ; i, Becauie it takes away th6
Senfe of Irriuticn. 2. Becaule it is given in too
(mall a ^atitity. The Reafont are Juif and Right,
jnd not only confident with^ but confirm what
Hay.

Noie-, That this is not intended oE the Purging
that happens after the dtclinatun of its Operation^
wiiich is (as you'll find) from another Caule,
therefore this does not fmell of the Opium as the
tither docsj becaufe it is paft and gone before that
ia the Declittaiea happens j Of which more ia it*

f/bfcf Place. , , ' j6. A

o/ opium Reveatel. ajj

\6. It raifet and revives fame Perfetii that are aU
mfi expiring, m Two Cafes ; Ow is, when fuch
IS have been ufed to take it are even expiring for
Waiit of it (of which more hereafter.) The
t&er Ca(e is, when ■vklent Contraition^ as from
'«iw, Coldj {^omitingi^ and Griivous Paj/tonsy as
3'errour^ <*fc. are the Caufe, that People are almolt
feKpiring, for it takes off the Coniraitims by re-
laxing, &c.

'■ 1 7. /( /ia^j -very long at Stomachy when the Ri^
thereof fticks to the Stomachy and is theie dc-
tain'd ; Befides, that the Stomach being relaxed,
Iind having little fenfe or motion, («s in SUep) does
tiot fbon diged it or dilcharge it .- It is fine ia
Qiis Cafe, and all other, to oblerve how Senfatim
■nd Motion go Hand in Hand, keeping equd
fact and equal Proportion^ as it plainly mart be by
he Principles of Kf/axufioM and ConirMlion, whi<i
["have ftatcd and proved.

18, It caufei fioppage of Urine (bmeilmes (elpe-
^ally in old People) by over relaxing, and caufing
k kind of a temporary Palfie of the Bladder, (ai
Was fliewn) antl taking away the fenfe of die
trritation of the Urme^ which fliould contradl the
Bladder to fqueefe it out ; by which Means k
happens Ibmecimes, that the Bladder comes to be 1
Va over extended beyond its due Tone, that they |
cannot contraift it to make Water j in all whici
H^tes firong Contrailtrt, as Cold, Terroun, drr.
immediately cures them j the very putring the
Strotum to the Edge of a cold Chamberpot has
effcited it leveral times by my Advice j tho' (jf
Hied be) you muft come to Dafhing of cold fPa*: 1
ttr upOTi the Region of the Bladder, or Pumping J
on it, or Dipping in it, &c. fo Terrour, and caufirig" 1
9 very fraart Pain, efpecially near thofe Part^J
will do much, but Cold is the readied and beft'
Kumdf.

19. b

834 ^^ M/fteries

1 9. It fometimei provet dangerous after great fft-
morrbsget or Evacuatiom, as Tapping iti Drop-
fi«, &c, becaufe the Relaxation hinders the Parts
duely to contrail upon what remains, which may
caule great Mifcmels, as Difcomimtation of Afot/-

Thus have you all the conjlant, freffuent, and
rare Effe&s of Opiums taken internally m a moderae
Dofe^ (b naturally, eafily, plainly, and mechani-
cally explicatedt that People may (in my Judg-
ment) more admire, howallfaiPd ordifcovering
the manner of their ProJuUion, than that I found
it; as Men are apt to think of t\is CircHUiion qI
the Bloitd, which now (as I hope the Effelf/ of
Ofium do) feeras very obvious j both which Cafes
are to me very ftrong Arguments of a Being that
rules and Jifpojes, darkens and iUumimttes^ &c. as
he pleafest when I conflder, that both the Ctrada.
lion if the Bkud, and the Caufe tf the Operaiisn of
Opium^ (viz.. Pleafure at Stomachy &c.) fell under
the Senfes of many Millions, who in one Cafe faw
the Blond move, and in the other felt the Pleafwe,
yet wK' neither dilcovered for many Thoufands of
years; eipeciaily conddering alfo, that in the
Cafe of Opium Thoufands of Ingenious Men have
diligently enquired after the Caufe of its Operation^
who made no farther ftep in't than to ftate Things
that hare not as much as Exifience, (viz. a Cold
Quality^ and Fumes flying from the SrowacAiothe
Head) to be the Caufe thereof. Therefore it is
plain. That neither is he that Plantetb any Thing,
neither he that Wateteth, kut GOD^ that pvah the
L§ereafe, of Knowledge, and of other Things :
To whom be aU Glory.

GB^

\.

^"■^v

c/ Opium UQiicafd. 335

CHAP. XX.

The Explication of the EffeSr of the TkcU-
nation of the Operation 0/ Opium £« a
Moderate Dofe.

A General Return of all Difeafet and thfafini,
when the Operation of Opium is over, be-
wiule it does not (as was Hiewn) operacc as an
^Itirattvty but a pUafing Di-oerter of the fenfitii/e
§eul for fbme Time, during which it caules a ^e~
feral Rtlaxadn of all the fenfile Parts, wheieby
'le Animal Spirits being expanded, grow unfir
1 convey Imprejjlms fmartly, which is requilHe to
aufe a lenfe of Pain, &c. (as has been olten
lid,)

But it cures feveral Dtfiem^trs, viz.. fuch as
pleafing and corarorcing llie fenfuive Soul, campo.
i»g the Spirit], Relaxation, Perfpiratiori, Sweat, tifc.
•can quite take avvay ; Of which more particu-
larly when we come to fpeak of the Ufi if Opium

I"

Cure.

a. Sweat happens in the Dediantim of its Ope-
ration, as Sir Theodore Mayern, my filf^ and c/itr/,
bave oblerved, becaute that now al! the Pant
Contra&ing, which by their Relaxatum fulpended
all Humouri during its Operation, do Mechanically
£]ueefe out the congeOed tiumoun , there
being lefs Room in the Body^ as was laid of Sweat
lipon awaking, by the Rxtum of the yigiiativt
Centra&ion after Relaxation during the Sleep, which
is to be compared to the Relaxation during the
Operation of Opium, and the Rttum of the Cm~
trxpioitt

ijtf The Myfieries

irsHim, when *ris ended ; bdides, that boih upon
the Goiftg eff" of the Operation, and Awaking, the
Motion of the Heirt growing more vigorous,
(as it does upon Motion by the Intent iveCfimra&i.
on) does more powerfully propsil the Uimourt
out at the Feret (as happens in Sweat upon Mo.
rim*)

3, prelum puking of IFattr happens, p»rtlj, by
the TftimioH of the Volatile Salt (as by Cantha-
riJeij &c.) that is now feparated from the Bloud ;
partly by the Contraciion of the whole Body Iquecl-
ing it out at the KiJntyi, as when People arc
CuJy they make more Water for that Reafon.

4. A Loofenefi may, and does happen fome-
times from the like ContraSioM (queefing out the
Humeurs that were fufbended during the Rtlaxation
by the Opium, whicn is common for fuch Con-
traSieni to caufe, 3S by CoW, Terrour, 0-c. and
becaufe Senfatun grows more nice and irritable by
the Humours, by Reafon of the Comra^ion, which
is the more for the Grievance of fjiling of the
Pleafure of Opium. Therefore,

f . Diftafei, Pains, &c. leem worfe upon the
Return of the Grievances, bccaulc of the great
Eafe they had during the Operation of the Opium^
Cantraria inter fe magit elucefcunt\ and it is partt>
cularly obfervcd of Pleafure, That it leaves Men
worfe then it found them. Thus a Man is worfe,
more fad, <^p. Pofi Gaiium, mors Melancholy after
all forts of Pleafure^ inlbmuch that it is grown to
a Proverby viz. After Merry comes Sorry, (or. After
Mirth comes Sorrow ; j as alio Miftm g^udebss^ minut
Jolebtt. Therefore,

6. Melancholy does often (if not alwaysj hap-
pen in (ome Jegree^ after its Operation is ended ;
I. Becaufe of the Return of tlis ContraSiom (or
ToU) of the fei^ive Soul. 2. Becaufe (as was
(aid) the Senfe of PUafure, newly loft, aggri*
rates

i^ Opium ReveaFd. 2^y

l^atcs the Sorrow, as has been fiiewn after Coiti*

7. Tic Tulfe 9 narrow^ becaule the Contrg&Un
returns with MkUnchofyy and Return of Difafiers
improve when that fo happens, as it generally
doei

'- 8. licBhtg if the Shin happens about this timCp
becaule that now the VolatlU Sdt^ wluch caufes
Tuillatum^b arrived as far as the Skin upon it»
maicb out of the BoJj.

CHAP.

*38

The Mffierles

CHAP. XXI.

7"Ac Explkaiion #/ the EffeSi of Opium
an Ejccejjive Dofi.

I

THE Caufe of mbft of thefc E^tOi vM _.
evident from the Explicarion of rhe former,
bccaufc the Differmce is only in the Quanttty of the
Ofium, therefore 1 am often neccIEtaced to fpeak
much the iame as 1 have done before.

You cannot expeA any good EfeSi from its
Exctfi, any more than you have from iVme, (tho'
the heft of Cwduli, next to the Sal-VilatiU.OUo.
fum of Opium) but rather leis, becaufe Opium is
joined to 3 permcioKs Ra^, which you may be
Cure will be very grievous to the Stomach in greit
Quantities, if it was fb in little-

The Evil EffiSls in this Cafe, do mainly pro-
ceed, eitbtr from too rmich Relaxathnj as id Drimktit-
mfif er^ from the Rjifin at Stomach.

i. A Heat at Stomach is cau(ed by the idtenic
Heat of the Opium in a great Quantity^ it being
ftnflbly a very hot Thing.

2. The Senje of Weight at Stomach is caufed by
t\\c great Relaxation that it caules, which renders
the Stomach proportionably weak, and unable to
endeavour its own Reliefs (b that the Ro^^ &a
lie heavy upon't ; Thus we find a great Heavintfi
at Stomachy when any Thing grieves it, that it
cannot reje^ or diicharge.

3. Gaitjr

o/ opium ReveaPJ. 23^

5. Caity (f Humour it caufed at jfr/f fas by the
VUafurt of a great Quantity of l^ine) by its plea-
(ing Agretabltnefi to the Mert^rane at Stomach ^ till
the RiMxation grows enormous, as by a grtat Dofi
cf Ww fuideniy drank, to which it is very like" in
all its EffeSs, except fuch as ptocced Irom the
Rx>{m (ticking at Stomach, which fVtm has not.

4, S«rdmick Latigbttr is cauled fas you fee in
Drmkett Veofk) when they are dilabled by the
great Relaxation, that they Cannot well Expre^
chemfelves by the failing Tongue, they endeavour
it by a fitly hind of faine J or maJe Laughter, ("as
they call itj while the pleafing Tttillation at Sto.
mach much inclines them to Mirth, if they knew
how to manage and carry it on.

f. Laxity, and confequintly Debility of all Parti,
is caufed by the extraordinary ReLtxatim of them
by a continual and permanent ienle of Pleafure,
which happens confiderably in the Momentary
Pleafure oi f^enui, much more in this cmtmud and
lafiing Pleafure, when a great Dofe makes it ii>-
tenfe, as in Drunkemtfs.

6. Alienatim (f tht Mind is cauled faS in Drun.
kamefs) by an ovet-Relaxation of the Brain and its
Memhraoef.

7. Loft of Memory happens by the fame Means,
fas in Drunkennefs J So,

8. Darknefs of Uyet.vi cauftd by a Relaxation of
the Coats and Aicmbranu of the Eyes, but mainly
by the Expan^n of the Animal Spirits by that Re.
taxation, which (as in Sleeps renders them unfit
to COnvey^tbe ImpreJJlom of Lights &c.

9. hmity (f the Qornea is from the lame Relexa-
tim.

1 o. Apotarance of various Colours happens by
fas was laidj the uncvennefs of the Cornea, &e.
when lb relaxed, whereas when 'tis duely con-
craded it is round, even, polite^ and truely re<
preiencs Things. 1 1. Dtad.

i^o The Mjffteries

1 1 . ptadntfs of the Eyes to the View, is (as hal
been flicwnj from the Lixi'y of the Cornea^ which
makes it flag, lie loofe, look dully, and notduely
icfleift a [mart and briik fpeck of Light, as it does
when tenfe, round, and fvlite, by its ContraQion on
the comain'd Humeun^ which then duely fill it.

12. Falirwg of the Tongue is from the lame iif-
Uxntktt, as in Drunken Perjini.

I J. ^ 5o;wr is from the /owe Relaxation over
all the /iw/i/e P^rn of the Body, by which Means
Sinfe and Motion are diminilhed er loft by the Ex-
fonfion of the Animal Sftrits-, which fas has been
laidj being not duely coraprcfled, become unfit
ior both at the lame time.

14. A flow and wide Fulfe is frpm the Qmc
Caufe, becaufe the faid Relaxation permits the Ar^
teries to widen, and the Animal Spirits to exDi
and confequently renders the mctien of the K
Jlowy which is the caufe of the Pulfe.

I J. A high Colour or E^orefcence of the Skin, h
been explain'd.

1 6. Loofenefi of the Jaw and Lips is from t
lame Relaxation, (2s was fhewn ; ) and fb is,

17. iMtumtfcence of the Lips, (as has been fiiew

1 8. Di^culry of Breathing may be from 1
different Caules ; either by the Relaxation weaka
ing the re^uipte Motions for want of Co7HpreJfurt
(he Animal Spirits, and by the Flaccily of thi
Paris themlelvcs ; Or, by a great Grievance a
Stomach upon the Aeceunt of the Rofin (licking ti
it, and caufing a Cenvuljion of thole Pans ; boibfl
which may happea

ig. Fwy and Madmfs may alio happen', tithe
by the exalted Pkafure of its Titillation, as 4
Vrunkardi, who therefore fcarce know what thfff
do, the Mind being ("as was faidj alienated j I
it may happen fas I have often known a kind a
Madmfs to be produg'dj by a great Grievance 4
Ston •■

ff opium ReveatJ. 24 1

Stomach j which may well be from the Rofi»
grieving and ceazJng the nlcdj fenJsU Ssomaeb ;
They may be eafily diftinguifhed, one (viz.. thac
from the Rofin at Stomach) being with great Di-
firt^tt^ Atixietiei, Cenvuljhm, &c. and che ethtr
without any.

20. Vemreal Fury proceeds from the high Titilm
luioa of the i^enereal Aiembrams by thcyolatiU Sak
of fo much opium, as if Canthari4ei, Ben, &(*
were taken internally ; but that thefe cannot ia
agreeably titillate ihofe Parts as O^ium does, whole
VoUtiU ParrUles ate rcnder'd more pleafing by
eiljt onei^ and therefore much of the Nature of
Stmtn Virile,

21. Priapifms are cauiedby the lame continual
Ticillation,

22. yioUni Uchings of the Skin are caufed by
the fime tickling Volatile Particles in great Abun-
dance, proportionable to the excejfive Dofe.

23. Naufeas are caufed by the Rofin flicking at,
and (bliciting the Stomach to Vomit.

24. Sitfimmirjgt in the Wad are by c:»/t'»f, be-
caufc the Stomach is grieved by that Ri'fii^ as is
obferved in many Cafes from a grieved Stomach
upon a Tendency to yimit, as whcfi it is ovec-
loaden with Pf^ne, or indige^ible ViSluah^ or when
Perfons are 5m, or Coach-ftck^ &c. for it is not in
thefe Ia(t Cafts, bccaufe ihs fl' Jii is offended (as
People imagine) that chcy are Sick, or Vemit^ ■
but the Swimming in the Head, AvA Offence of ths

Brain happens, becaiife the Stom.ich is oiTcnded
by the Motion of ilie Coach or Ship, by Realbn
of its moft exqwfite Senfation^ which the Effiuviat
cf^a Cat, fcjlifcrout Partielei-, and Commstlom
cauled by raearPalTion, can, anddooifend, (a?
was (aid) (b as to caufe Vamttinp,^ Anxieties^ &c.

Ez\\ more tiien may the Nlotion of a Ship or
cb do it. 1 ihall not here enter into Contro-
R veriie

242 The Myfteries

vcrfie with thofe that aflert, That it is the Hsad
is firft offended in a Coach or Ship; it is foffidedt
for my Turfofe^ that Grievances at Stomach do
commonly caufe Swimmings in the Head^ for
taking off thole Grievances cures them, as Eating
when It is from the Grievance of Hunger or IVini
at Stomachy and difcharging 'the Stomach of a
great Load of Wine, Ale, or indigeftible Matters,
when fuch Things caufc it, do cure fiich Swim-
mings in the Head.

The Way how Grievances at Stomach do caufe
thofe SwimmingSy is by caiifing a ContraSHon fas
all Grievances do, but efpeciaily thofe at Stomach^
of the Membranes of the Brain^ as it does of all
other^ but mainly of theft, becaule very (enfile ;
by which means the jivlmal S firsts being com-
preiled, grow more irrequiete and skipping up
and down, and the Com\rejfion not being conti-
nually alike in general, or the Arteries afiording
an uneven and forcible lupply of them (or -Rmw/j
from the Bloud by the Comfreffim^ nor aflfe^Hn^
all Parts of the Brain with equal Forccy becaofe
the Plealure endeavour to relaXf C^r. there
muft thence arife EJdies^ Vortices^ or IVhirls there-
of, which caufe Swimmings j Vertigo^s^ &'c^ accord-
ing as they happen to be moved.

That they happen from fiich ContraStim is ma-
nifeft i

I. Becaufe the Grievance at Stomach can add
nothing elfe to the Brain^ or its Membranes.
2. Becaule they are taken ^off by pleqfihg the"
Stomcxh, and confequenrly by Relaxation^ as by a
Glafs of IVim^ Vi^mlsy an Opiate that is not refi**
nous, &c.

It

, It is here well worth your notice^ That all con^

fm if Tarts (a Thing much admir'd) fe only

by ComtaSion or Relaxatkn, which fuddenly af-

fe£t the whdlb Syftcmc pf the Nerves and Mem*

hanes. .

ay. Fertifto^s are from the feme Caufe.

26. Vomitings are caufed (ai was faid) by th<S
|[reac Grievance of the acrimonious Rcfin fticking
to the Coat of the Stomach.

27. Hiccottghs are from the larh^ Caufe, WhieH
happen upon the decay of Power vigoroufly td
Vomit, dwindling into thole fruitlels Convulftv^
fmbfuUory Jerks^ or Half Errdeavours.

28. Di/irejfis and Anxieties muft neceffarily at-.
tend fuch a grievous Senfation and PefeAion of
ifature^s EnJeavoury.as being overborn and dii^
aUed to work forlt ielf.

29. A turbulent Pulfe muft be an Effe^i of thtf

foregoing Tumults; .

30; Convuljions happeh (as was ihewh) by the*
^ormous Compreffion of the Animal Spirits, by
Realbn of the violent ContraBion upon the great!
Grievance by the RoCtn at Stomofb, which caufes
ihem to skip and fling up and down vety forcibly
under the Iqueefe of the Com'prcJJton ^ and poffibiy,
^kirniifhing under the Viciffitiides of Jt and Re^
loMotion.

31. Paintings and Leifothyfnits are Catifed (a3f
Jhas been explained) by the fenfitive SouKs b^ihg
over- tired by the Fatigue of Defenfive Comra&i2
^», and yielding himfelf to Re(t frpm i\\ CV-
traSlioni ai the Ull Relief, &c, Wbereiipon Senfi
and Motion do fail for want of Ccmprtffion to reni-
der the Spirits ipringy^ active, and fit for tlW

• Fsirpofe,

32. Cold Breath is buta neceflary Cbnfequenoi
of the Lois of Motion, and therefore of Hcar^ by

fifeh Leifotbymies and Paintings.

244 ^^^ Myftmes

;;. Death is caufed Two manner of Ways,
that is, euber by an utter Expenfi of Spirits^ and
thereupon a DerelUtion (or ExtinBum) of the
finfitive Soul by reafon of thofe Dijfreffis and R-
r/f «« upon the Account of the invlncibk Rrjm ;
Or by too much Relaxation difabh'ng all the m^.
rw»/ of tjie Bodyy as in fuch as dye being dead
Drunky which looking not uniike an Apoplexy^nukcs
Authors lay^ that Opium caufcs jifopUxies^

Such as eicape Deaths do fb generally by

54. Plentiful Purging^ which is occafioned by
a ^^e^r Quantity of the /!(>/i» of 0^i«n» meeting a
itrong Digejtim and fixed Salts (as has been (aid.)

;f. Sweats that fmeU ef the Opium are csojlhi^

1. By the Opennds of the P(n^s by Rdaouttim

2. By Plenty, or at leaft fuflSciency of Motftare
for that End % for otherwife (as was fliewn) it
would be only infenfihle Perfpfration, ;. By the
great C^uantity of Fblatile Salt attenuating the
Humours. 4. By the ftrift, intimate^ and c?ea

iiidiilbluble fprcrfick Union or Comhinatim of the
Volatile Salt and Oily VartSy which makes it hoM
its fpecifick Swell to the laft.
^ ;6. Holent Itchings in the Skin muft of neceffity
follow a great Quantitj/ of Opium^ fince it caul&
fiich hchin^s (as was ibewn) in a fmall Quantity
by the TitiSation of its Volatile Salt.

Note^ That thefe Efe&s do not all happen
to all Men that take it in an excejjht Dofe^ but
Ibme to one> and (bme to others, fas was ind-
nnted in Chap. ^.) according as they are more
or lefi troubled with the Hpjin^ Quantitjy Rtl0Xih

tion^ C^r.

CHAP.

^ Opium Reveatd. 245

•

•

CHAP. XXIL

The Explicatioft of the EffeSs of a long and

laviJB Vfe of Opium.

AS an ExceJJive Dofe of Opium is Intemferavce
for one timcy ib a loffg and lavijlt Ufe of it is
an habitual Intemperance for a long time j therefore
if you could not rationally cxped good Efftds in
that Cafe,any more than from the hefi Wine taken
fuddenly in a vad Quantity^ it follows, that you
cannot expeft good Effdh li om an hab'uuul hitem.
ferate Taking of it, any more than f om a long
m$d lavijh Drinking of IVine^ tho' both are excel-
lently good, in their Kind^ (but that the Opium has
the pernicious refinous Part join'd wi:h it;)
Thcrie is nothing lb good, whereof an intemperate
Ufe is not mifchievous^ God liaving (b ordeied it
to deter from, and panifli Intemperance^ and tiie
Abufe of his Creatures ; Therefore ill Rff\:cf< zvq
not always to be imputed to the vicioufmff of the
Things ulcd, but frequently of the Perfon that im-
prudently u(es them.

1. Relaxation and Debility of all Parts is con-

traded by the habitual over-relaxing thereof by

the layijh Ufe of Opium.

2. An inbahility of doing any Thing v>itbout it
is contrzSt&A by the habitual Pleafire^ Comfort^

.Pmmptitudey and Eupbory it caufes whai taken^
without which the fenfitive Sod becomes lazy,
liftleG, and averfe to all A£li<ms ; it is as i( a .
Mao^ uied to Dance to Excellent Mufkk, were re-
quired to do it without any Mufick at ail^ nor as
much as Thoughts of it^ or mumbling it unthin

R 3 * him-

t/^6 The Myfieries

JJmfclf ; Or that one who Drinks nothing but
JVsffe, and Eats the be(t, fliould be foddenly de-
mod both, and forced, to live upon Bread smd
JVuter ; Or, thst fuch as always take Tokaccozx,
their S:udies^ ftioald be fuddenly debarr'd thereof
apd lequired to Study w thout it ; Ho^y very lift.
Jels wQuld a Man be in fuch Cafes ? Tho' hardly
^ny of the Qomfarifons come up to that of Ofium^
t)ccau{e of the chnmng TUaJure^ mighty Eufhofj
^fid FrompituJe that it cauies ; it is as if one
tvere iupported, and wholly depended upoQ
Cordiah^ and fuddenly denied therp^ &€,

5. An hbabilUj of getting up in the morning till
it u taken^ and begins to operate^ proceeds from thj5
fame Cauf:;. A Mechanical Reafon may bc CX-

peSed here alfo as to thcfe Matters, but it will
hardly bear if, any more than how the JVsB or
appetite caufcs the firft Impulfe toward iMflantaiy
M^tin\ all that can be (aid is, that without the ,
Opium the fenfiiive Ssul is, w^en he does any
Thing, to a<ft under the TAl and Difficulties of
a {n\\%'tgilative Contraffion^ (as being owake^ in^
tenths ContraSioTiy (as a<5ling) and defenfive Con-
traclkif^ (as being grieved j when the Operation S
Opium is over, (as after P'enereal fkafwCy dtcj) jq
that now he labours under the great I>/yi//vi«»rj^«
and Drudgery of all the Three ContraSions^ where-
as by the F lea fur e^ fine Tit illation of Opium y and

jRelaxation conkqueptial thereunto, he was eafed
of all the Defenfive ContraSim^ which is the moft
grievous, and in great meafore of the yigilative^
(ai has been flievpnj which makes fVbrking^ Jour^i
^ni^ngy &c. very eafie to him \ Therefore it is as
if one that delights in Mufick^ Danced to Charml
|ng ^Melody in beloved Coonpany, withpleaiing
Jjiefe£lidnj o( Pf^n^^&c. and in the Wit^r Cajey as v(
one lahourei in Grief ot Pain. Now (uppbte that
hn% ufcjl ^dr?r l(;f Aft or Work without fuch

of Opium ReveaPff. 247

mighty TUafant Advantages^ and Caules o{Eu.
pbory^ were required to aB under the Vrejpive of .
the Three ContraSions^ (or in Grief or Pain) how
. liftleii would he be to Aft, Work, get up, &c.

T4. A dully moapip)y and heavy Difpnjttion^ mufl

be the Effeft, unlefs it be while they j>leafey com^
firfy and enliven themfelves by the Opium^ bccaufe
their Brain is habitually over relaxed ; which is
the very Cafe of old Drunkards, who have (as
his fiid) drank away tlieir Parts by (iich an hal;}^
tuat Rtlaxation of the Rraln^ (which over- much
Sleeping caufes al(b upon the Account of the like
Relaxation) therefore^ they muft be moapiih till
thepleafing TitiSation of 0/>/tfw enlivens them.
- ■ f. Diminution of Appetite is caufed by an habi^^
fual Relaxation of the* Stomach, taking away its
Sehfation, and fufpending the M'.nfiruum from
flowing to it as freely as it fhould, and would,
if there were a due ContraSion to (queele it oar.

6* IVeakicfs of Dlgejlicn happens from the fame
Caufes.

7. Dropjies arc caufed by the Relaxation weak** •
ning the Parts^ and making them thereby fufcep-

. title of Humours ^ as alfb by Diminu^hn of Appe-,
tite and Dige^ion, (as in old Drunkards.)

8. D:fcay cf Parts (or IVit) happens froni ha-
bitual Relaxation cf the Brain, and its Membranes,
(as in old Drunkards.)

9. Weakmfs of Memory proceeds from the famd
Caufe Cas in old Drunkards,)

10. Stooping in the Back is caufe*d by the habitual
Relaxation of the Parts, which weakens and caufes
them to comply with our Tendency arid Ufe of
t>endtng forward, and yield to the greater
Weight, that is (generally fpeaking) ont^efore-
l|de of the Backbone ^ ox Perpendicular^) \6 that

pooping mutt gradually follow thofe confpiring
Caules^ as it does in habitual Drunkards, whole
VsLTt$ are relax'd. R 4^ 11. Early

248 The Myfteries

zi. Early Dtcrtfittmfs muft proceed from the
arorelaid li^/^ixjri(v»(poilingtheToneof Parts, and
caufing Wunt of Apfefite, Dig^fiim^ &c. fiii the
manner before Ibewn.)

12. Sborsnefs cf Lfe muft be the EffeB of di|

lame Caufes.

I ;. Acrimonf tf Blood proceeds from the Abun*
dance of dcrimoniom Volatile Salts taken in the
Opium f wherein it is much more a^mcMiious thaii
our natural Volatile Salt^ and in greater ihfMmity
proppoionably ; Therefore it cao be no Woacjer,
that,

14. It excites InditiatioH to Vemrj by thit
monid|» SU/fj which is andogom to that of
tiariJes^ AntSy Beesy t^c.

If. R^equent Inclinations to make tPater isalfe

ktjfw and common EfieA of fuch ^Sab^ by t
irritating and foliciting the Bladder^ &c.

16. Friapifms and frequent Ere&iom are,

muft be from the lame Caufe.

17. NoOumal TottutUms are neceilary
quences' of the Relaxation and the TstiBatiort
by thoibyolatite Salts^ (as was laid J

t:

fm.

o/ Opium ReveatJ. 24^

CHAP. XXIII.

TXe ExpUcatwK of the EffeBs of Leaving off
Opium, a^tr a long and lavijh Ufe there-
of

Ll.i

'yReat, and even intBlerahk D'lfi

irJ Dep

, Arixie,4

■ of Spiriis, do happen;

I. Becaufe t ^ ,

fortcd, diverted, and fupported by the habiti
and dearly beloved Ple/ifure iliat Opi"m caufei, being i
fuddenly deprived thereof, (by which it was aiainly J
foftain*dj is exceedingly dilappointcd and caft
(down. .-2. Becaufe he now labours under the ibre
Burthen of the Three Comractiem, fo that every
Thing (eems, and is really more grievous ro him ;
for now it afts as one in Pain or Gruf, and every
Thing affed^s him more linartly propoitlonable to
the Comprejfion caufed thereby o( the Ammd Spi-
rits, unlefs he returns to the Pleafure of Opium^
which elevates it again ; Or u(es genaom Wifle,
as its fuhfiiiuie^ tho' it does not equal it, eitiier in
(he l»stnftntfi or Duration of tlie Pkafure, iinlefi
repeated (as 1 have (bme where direfted) once
in Half an Hour, or an Hour, in a moderate
manner, whic^ caules a comituanee of the VU*
fare, tho* it cannot equal the Jntenfinefs of that o
Opiutn^ which therefore has the ^rwfCT- E_ffe^i.
_ II. ji Return of all Difesfes, Pdins, and Dlfijiit

K mufl happen generally, becau^ the Opium takes
B them off by a bare Diverjion of the Senfe thereof

■ hy PUafure.

M III Dangerom Z/»/f«f^« happen ibmetimes, be-

H caufe the Senfation grows more grievous ; for, as

B the fU/^ant Stnfation caufed by O^ium^ taJies a-

■ way

i

250 The Myfieries _

Way the ftrapion of the Irritation of Humourt,
fo the Grievatict of Lofing that Pleafure caufing
CeturaBion^ makes all Sitfaiion fmarter, and con-
fequently more irritating, fo that the Humaurt
have thereby inore of the Effeift of Pwr^er/, which
operate (as all agreej by Irntatkn ; Belldes, that
the Humouri before detain'd and fiifpended by
JRelnxathn^ {ts in SUep) are now therefore pour'd
down in greater Qitantiiy by the advanced Con-
traSion (queefing them out, as the Rctam of the
yigilaive CoHtraOion after Skef, caufcs Men to be
more apt to no ^° ^^ool upon awaking, or get-
ting up in the moTAtni j which may be well com-
pared (in fome meaiurej to Purging, after Lea-
ving off the \3{& of QpwOT, fince it relaxes as
Sltep does, atid tiiat for a much longer Time by a
continued Ufe thereof

IV. Dsatb commonly foUows^ for all the Rea(bns
aforefaid. efpecially the great and mioUrahle DK
priJJ'cs of Soul that they are under, unlels Opium
be ufed, which foon fets them right, or H^tne (ics
Sitbfiitute) lb frequently ufed, as to continue it$
Cordid "Pleafure at J/oOTflci. ■

Nothing now remains but to rake a fhort Re. '
f«w, to fee whether 1 have explain'd all the a.
mazing ContradiBiom that feem to be in the Effect
of Opium- for tho' it is really done, yet may ic
not To well appear as when fet one againit the
other. It would be Tamolcij to repeat all tha
JReafonfj therefore I fliall oti^ mention them in
the dole Order I at ftrft enumerated them, that
you may fee that they are all explicated in the
former Difcourfe.

You may well remember, that I have (hewn ;

I. How it cwTes ^Utfing and IVMcUng (in di.
fcnPerlbns) ^ How

4

A

of Opium Reveatd. 251

i. How It caufes and prevents Sweat.

3. How ic relaxes and fiofs Loofenejfes (even by
relaxing.)

4. How ic fiofs Fluxes y and promotes Sweat and
Perjfiration.

y. How it fitipifies the Senfe of Feelings yet irri^
fates it.

6. How it caufes Stupidity^ f if you fit or lie ftill)
Olherwife Tromptitude in Bufinefs.

7. How it caufes Cloudinefs and Serenity ; Tbat^
if one lies ftill and dozes ; This^ if he keeps in
ASion ; That^ by an excejjive and /^i;//Jj UJ^ there*
of, which caules Moapijlonefs ^ 7J/i, by a temperate
occafional taking thereof^ efpecially in the Murm^

ing^ upon Jcurneysy'&c.

8. How it excites the Spirits ^ yet quiets and com*
fofes them in Hyfierick Fits, Diary Fevers^ from
Fain^ Commotions^ &c.

9. How that it is very hot^ and takes of Ft'
vers,

1 o. How the* it is hot and bitter^ yet it lejfens
jipfetite and Hunger^ which is a grievous Sinfation^
by caufing a pUafant one.

11. Hovy it fometimes flops Urine, by relaxing

the Bladder^ fufpending Humours^ &c. and pro-
motes it by its tickling Volatile Salty as Cantharides^
Bees J Ants^ O^c. do.

1 2. How it relaxes y and thereby weakens ^ as iq
$leepy &c. yet enables to perform Labour^ Jof*^^^^% ■
0'c. with great Eupboryy by divertive Pleafure,

13. How it caufes and prevents Abortion* That^
by over-relaxing* ThsSy by allaying Pains^ Terrours^

&c. that might caufe it.

14. Hbw it fiops Vomiting by taking off ^r/V•f-
tims^ &c. and caufes it by thp Adherence of its iiu
digefitbte and vifcid RoRn.

I y. How it fiofs rur^ngy and fometimes .cau/h *

it by the Diffilutuni of its Rofin by a ftrong i)f

■ ' ' •* ••■ * * ' pfii^9

252 The Mjffteries

geftwn^ fixed Salcs^ &c. when its Quancicy is-con.
iiderable ; which makes it happen but rarely.

l5. How tho* acrimonicus^ it takes away the^fe
if Acrimony,

1 7* How it eaufts Mainefs^ and cures it by com-
poflng the Spirits^ &c.

18. How it caufes Talfies by relaxing the Parts,
and making them fuiceptible of Humours, cauGng

ill DigefiioHj &c. And may cure them fas Dr. WHUi
gives an Inftance) by opening the Tores.

1 9. How it cdufes Palfies^ and cures Stup&rs^ &c.

chat proceed from Cold and ContraQing Caufes.

20« How \t caufes Drinefs in the Mouthy yet (by
taking off Fevers) often cures it.

21, How it takes off Hiccoughs^ and caufisthem,
as it does Vomiting^ and for the lame Cau^s.

22. How it Ranches Bloud by quieting its mo-
tion^ yet promotes, the iWe»/f j and Lochia by re-
laxing^ opening, and widening the Veflels and
Pores.

2;. How \tfiops critical motions^ that depend

upon Irritation and ContraSion^ and promotes fucb
as depend upon opening the Pores.

24. How if revives People that are at the Point of
Death for want of Opium^ or by violent Contraili-
on$ and Convuljions^ and is fatal to other weak Per^
fons.

25. How it caufes Convuljions by its grieving Ro-
fisy and cures them by quieting and compofing the
Spirits by pleafing them.

25. How it caufes ContraQion by the grievom
Senfation that its Rfijin caules^ and Relaxation by
the fleafanf Senfation that its SaUt^olatiUOkofum
cauies : by That it caufes msxky ill EffeSs^ not here
rnmeci, aiid by Tba it cures them ; for how can
IhdtiMmrary Caufa (according as one or the other
prevailsj. not caule eeutrary^ and feemingly contra-
ebSt&y Eflbfts at ebvers Times^ mAmiiVfri Perfms.

27. How

L

of opium ReveaPi/* 253

27. How it nUxn, yet caufet the Tenfion, Rip.
Jitj/, and EreShn of the FtnUy Priapifms, &c. by

its TitiUaUon.

Thus have you all, even the molt myflerjous
and fttmingly CoWradiSlory EffiSf of Opium, ex-
plain'd and reconcil'd, and that Co eafily, that if
there were no other Proof of the Truth o£ my
Foundation, it is fufficicnt to convince any Man of
its yalidity, confidering the yajimfs of the Num.
bur^ and FerfUxUy of the Nainre of thofe Hjff^i,
that are all with fuch Facitity explain'd, is able
even to difparage the Performance as mean and
eh.'ious, (like that of the Circulation of the Bloud,
or America when found our) did not the newnefs
of the Thing, the baffled Endeavours of all Man-
kind, and the feeming Impoflibility of ever find-
ing it out, (which wasalmoft agreed upon) fpeafc
in its behalf. Confider, that nothing can be fUin
and eafie, but what is true, and coniequently no-
thing valuable but what is io ; what's true Know-
ledge, but the Kwu/ltdge of Things as they reaSy
art i And when a Thing is known as really as ic
is, it muft be plain, and never lb till then \ for
to take a Thing to be what it is not, is all Vark-
nefs^ Erraur^ Vuz.zje, CoTsfufion^ and Vamiy, as all
DifcourTes of Opium have hitherto been.

It is no Wonder then, that the Caafe of the Ope.
ration pf Opuim grew more and more obfcure,
while they ftated the Cold ^alityef -very hotOpium^
the Belching up of Vukano^s ef Fumes from the Sto.
TKach to the Head, (wliich have no Exillencej their
aSing as a Poifen of the Animal Spirits, their fixing
and coagulating them, their clogging them by Adhe-
rttiee^ or clouding them, their wedging themfel-uei a-
mmg the Animal Spirits, (none Imows how) and
thereby difabUng tver-ty their fit'jfing the Tores tf the
Brain.

254 '^^ Myfteries

0r cmmfrtffmg it, smd tbarekf binJerimg tbi
€f Ammd Sfirits^ to be the Camfts if
tk NsUe smd PIcifmt OperMtin cfOpimm, wichout
jDjr FammJatmrn in Nattire^ or the ieaft EinJemct of
Semfi or Rssfim^ but vain Vlumtaftiad Immgautimu
fcrm'd in the Cbtmera^Forgts of their fFamm Brsims^
iHiUe they eodeavour'd (JRigb^ or If^r. ng) to ap-
pear coofiderabie Folks ^ by doing nothing to the
t^rjoft in a kind of pretty, plaufUe^ and im-
posing manner, thereby Ihiffing the unwary H^M
vidi wrai^ ud vain Conceptions and imperti.
tKot Prejmdues^ which are the greateft Oijfscks
of KmwkJlgt.

I would iain know, which of thofe Hjfotbefiftt
an toUenbly lobe i in lo of the tbemmmis
cfaac I have enumerated, or, ioldeed, any one
Thammtmm tmfj^ mecbmrncaBj^ and Jemmfirs-
^^Ji yet are thofe Wmms die glariom FniSi-
mt of Thodands oi years Studies, and iolidtoos
I}ipliMtimu\ tho' every one that C0(AO^ii09i,aftu-
^ rat the troe Cauie of its Operation, tw.

The fi^^fifg Ddigbt tbgt it occjfanedy by ^eOing
tie Atambrsmes sm Ammd Sprrus, after the mao*

qer diat I have at large (et foith.

GW G^I wbat bUtn^ring Groper is MjnihJf
Who dmlyfek tbeCaufe k w\tcodi fnil

Tho' Thwlands (ought it with an eager Miod^

CHAR

o/ Opium RezieaPJ. 255

I

CHAP. XXIV.

\ Of Opium ftparated from its noxious Part,
Cor Rojitt) and vchether it w a Panacea,
&c.

THus far have I fpokcn of Crude Opium jointly
with its Refin or noxious Part^ now 1 will
conHder it feparated frotn it, and Jhew^ow to
do it. Galcfi lays, That it is very difficult to find
an txctUtnt Remedy without a ncxiom Quality.

And it is as difHculc to find any Thing fo mxi'
««*, as not 10 afford a good Mdicemtnt j which
you fee in Vip^f, Scorpiom, Mercury^ dfc.

All, or moft Tbyfuians, unanimoufly agree.
That Opium has fuch a ttcxicas ^aliij^ that caufes
Vomitingi, Hiccoughs^ Dijfrejfesy ^Anxitties^ ConvuL
fiom, chiefly at or about the Rfgicn of the Sto-
mach ; and that if it were freed from it, it would
be the nohlefi tf Mdicamt?its : Who can otherwifc
imagine ? ^eing it is lb excellent and univerlal a
Remedy, as it is now uled in the tferld, without
fiich an excellent Preparmion tliereof, wherein the
noxious Principle ii feparated from it.

' Of which Paractlfuj fays. That whoever Jhall
enjoy it, will be a Profeflbr of no lefs Knowledge
than ^poUo, Machiwn, or Podalyriits^ tho* he was
the greateft Mafter of JrcMa, PamcetHy &c. yet
does he cenfeji, " That a Preparation of Opiupi fioed
** bim in Jicad^ and prrfejWd hte Bufimfsj vhen
*' alt hu great MedicaTntrts fail'd him j and that it
'* wili dijjohe Dijcuftiy as Fire doa Snoiv ^ or ules
Words to the fame Efft^. Htlmont

25 tf The Myfteries

Helmonr, being in a kind of Rapture, upon Con-
fiderarion of its Excellency, burfts out into r'''=
Exclamaiioa ; Hiffj a the Sick Man whafe P!})[kw
kmwi holt/ to ftfaratt tbt dcttdly (or mxiomt) Pa r.
fnm Opium !

TUterus afT)rm*d, That hi ceuU 'with a Prepara^^
lion of Opium friftrvt the hrohn M^tl of Life,

EtmuHtr {ays, Tbji Opium Vfny diftrvedlj ^ ' ■.
tjiefm*d a gimrd Remid]i j and the main End t- , .^ i
his Trtll^ Dt parvu Morhrum Inttia, is td flie^^
how yotatUts^ more efpecially Salia-Volatilia-OUep^r^
(as that of Opium) may in finall Quantities alttx"
U5, and cure our Difcaja.

\t were cndlefs to tell you the EulegUi of the
Learned concerning fuch a Preparation of Opium,
. whicli they general! conclude to be a molt noble
Patiacea- therefore many, and very fblicitous havj
been the Dif^uifitiom of ihe Ingenious and Indo-
ftrious, to find out this heroick, gtritrous, and mojl
glorioui Mtdicamint. \ am fully fatisfied, that the
pare Sal yolatiU-Oleafum of Opium, (Judy ieparated
from itsmxioHs RnfiiifDrofs^&c. is the Very Thing;
fbme of the Regions that convince me are as mi-
Ioweth> viz..

1. Becaufe Opium has no other Principle in ir,
that fignifies any Thing as to its laudable and noble
Efelii, but its S^l Volatile OUofum fas has bcei^
fliewn.)

2. Becaufe the SalVolatiU-Okofum of 0/«
produces all its good Efeils. ^^

J. Becaufe the Saf-l^o!atikX>Uofum duely fepa-
rated from ics Rifn, and other Principles, pro-
duces no ill Bfeif in a moderate t>''fe.

of Opiiim hevea^j. 2$ 7

This 'added to what has been Di(cdur(ed ac
laige of the Vrincifks cf Opium^ is (I think j (uf-
ilcienc to latisfie ^ny Man^ that the "Sal Volatile^
f^ofitm <f Ojnum (fp feparated) is the great P^-
fBocea chat is (ought for.

However, bccaufe we are upon the gteatejl
Tiiffg in thyjick^ (as nSay be well iriferr'd froni
what has Bc^n already (aid) and that the World
has been under great JK?iWi, Jtdoiifus^ and WinL
nefs^ concerning this Matter^ and the Ufe of
OfUtm ; it will be well worth oiir While to give
aU itnaginable Sat$sfaUi<m in this Ca(e« therefore
IwiD^

firjtj Lay down 2itl the requifite l^al^atUni
of a Comsat Panacea^ as far as I can colled out
cf the moft Eminent Autborsy and my own Con-^
liderarion thereof

SeeonJly, I will particularly ehqiilre as to ^ach ,
of the Qualificatums y whether the Sal Volatile*
Okofum of Ofittm, duely (eparated from every o*
dicr Principie of Ofium^ is furnifhed therewith ?

Tbhrdljy I will Ihew you hbw duely to (eJDarate
ks Prop^ Rpfin^ C^r. (b as to leave a pure, fincere
SaLl^olatiU-Okofum of Ofiurn for Ufe.

The rtquifitc Edifications of d Panacea are

thejcy viz.

.1. That it jliouU highly fUaJi our Sefifdikn at
Stomach • becaufe the Stomach is contrived and
appointed by God and Nature ^ as the Touchftoni
to trji a Sentinel truely to inform, and a Critical
Judge to determine, what is, or is not agreeable
to our Nature in general, and therefore fas has
been (hewnj endued with a ^oaderful fagacity
and nktty of Setifation for that End. It follows

S Iheni

258 TheMyfteriis

thcn^ that a Panacea fhould be very pleafing and
agreeable to the Stomachy and dierefore very

ccrdiaL

2. That it Jljould be highly f leafing to tBefen/kive
Soulj which is the Vrincifle <f aU Motion^ A9im^
and Alteration in an Animal ; This Helmont couches
under the Name of pleafing the Arch^eus.

3. That it fhould take away aU Grievances of the
fenpti've Soul for Archaus) becdufe its Grievance is
the EJfential Form of Difeafes, for CVen Morbid
Matter J unlcls it caufes a Grievahte^ cades no
more Difeafe than it does in a dead CarcaG, zi
Helmont and common Reafon afliires us ; therefore
Difeafe and Grievance are only Two Words %-
nifying the iame Things and nothing is capable
of Grievance in an Animal^ as fiicb, but the fenfL
tive Soul.

4. It fhould comfofcy comfort i_ enliven^ encomage^
and invigorate our fenfitive So$il and SfiritSy asoe*
ing the Principles of Motion in our Animal Nature^
in order to ftlf Prefervatibn ; for J^ature for tfaofe

aSlive Principles within us) is the Curer of Difeafes^

and \ye Pbyficians Only its Minifters to offer il
good Means, d^c

y. The Principles of a PatiSiCea fhould be ajgreeabU
to the bejl^ noblefi^ mofi ailive, and predominant
Principles of our Bodies,

6. Thofe Principles in the Panacea jhould be more

vigorous than ours, to reduce them^ when deficicnri
and exalt them, when deprefTed, clog'd^ &c.

7. It fhould be a general Refoher of Humours^ for
which Caufe the Liquor Afcahefi is fo much ex*
tolled for a Panacea. Hear what the great Phy-
sician Claudius de la Courvee'fays, Uni mdrbdf£y &
femper preter Naturam bumorum coagulationi, unique
etrttndem colliquationiy cui perpetuo iptehdit natura^ di-
ligenter fiudeas * hujus adjuvanda, iUius ' corrigertda
^^dum fi ajfecutns fueris^ habebis in Praxifecretttm

cmni

if Opium Revealtd. a 5^

t>nmi auro fotabili^ wnnique Antidoto frejtantius ; de^
niyueplus fotiris in Trakiy quamficurfus Afirorum^
MetMorum vires ^ out tot am caUueris panaceam.

Z. It flmldy after fucb Refilution of Humours ^
comfofcy concentrate^ combine^ and unite the good
Principles.

9. It jhould difcufi the bad and ufelefs Parts.

1 o. It flsofdd open the Pores to give them their Exit^

by that nioft uhivcHal, natural, plenriful, kindly,

and eafie Evacuation.

II. 1iat( sSttr all) it jhould (like the Liquor AU

cahefi) remain very much unaltered in it fe]£

Now whatlbcvcr is endued with thefe Eleven
mpft noble Salifications^ muft be in the Eftima-

tion of any Rational Phyfician or Phylofopher^ a
glorious Panacea^ that is fitted to take off the Matter
and Form of all Difeafes^ (Or Grievances) as far as
ii is in the Pon/er of a Natural Medicament for
Alterative) lb to do ; Therefore, let us fee, how
the pure SaLVolatile-Oleofum of Opium is furni/hed.
therewith ?

I. It is fo highly amicable and pleafing to our mofi
nice Senfatio^ at Stomachy which is given us for a
Touchfione^ Watch^ and Judge of what is agreeable
9nd beneficial to our Bodies , that nothing in the
whole World is fb agreeable and pleafing to it,
And therefore nothing is more agreeable and be-
neficial to our AnimaT Nature ; it would imply a
Gontradi&ion^ that the Stomachy which is given us
(and accordingly qualfied) to ihake a true Report
of what is, or is rot agreeable and beneficial to
us, (hcMild always (tho^ it may by Accident poC-
fibly) give us sifalfe Report of the A'greeablenefs of
Trangs J It would be more than Prophanenefs to
ilttribute fuch deceitful, unkind, and unwile Con^
irivaHfies die infinitely Qood and PFife % therefore

$ z the

26a The Myfteries

the Sfamacb does infallibly teftiiy^ and aflurens^
that it is moli agreeable to our Nature^ ieeing it is
always (b to it j Jgrteabltnefs and DlfagreeabUnefs
with which^ is appointed and ord^ d by Gol
and Nature to be the Tefi and Toucbfime of what
is agreeable or otherwife to our Animal Nature.

Ohj. Why then, being (b agreeable to the Sto^
ffjarh^ fhould it not create an Appetite^ but rather
leiTen it ?

jlfff. Tho* (bme may be lb weak as to make
fuch an OjjeBion^ becauie Things agreeable co
the Stomach are commonly reputed to caule an
Appetite^ yet (the Matter duely confidereclj '|he
Cafe is quite contrary j for Appetite (or Hunger^
is a grievous Senfation at Stomachy whicbcannot
be expeded from Things that gratifie and pleafe
the Stomachy which are the adequate Cure of a.
grie'uous Senfation (or Hunger \^ Thus Meat zxA
Drink (as has been fhewnj cure an Appetite^.
grievous Senfation, or Hunger j Thus JVine and
Opium do (by pleafing the Stomach) cure a ca-
nine Appetite^ &c. Thcrefora you may Note by
the by, that all Meat and think that pleaie the.
Stomachy and gratifie its Senfe^ are really Opiates
in (bme Jegrecy caufing good Humour, Sleepi-
ne(s, &c.

Appetite or Hunger^ tho^ it is a convenient Colt
or Intimation of tVant of Supply and Recruit ^ is, as
fucii, a confequent of d^e^ty and io unnatural,,
tho' call'd Naturaly becaufe it is a Thing that hap.
pens of courle, to direcSt us how to proportion
Things to the Exigence of Nature-^ of vyhich
there would be no need, if we could otherwife
propoition good and agreeable Refe£tion to our
iVants thereof: In Ihort, it is a Difeafe which.

Thing

of Opium ReveaF J. 261

Thiims agreeable and pleafing to the Stomachy as
our ran^cea^ muft cure, or elfe it would not be a
Panacea j and (as was fhewn) nothing can be a
more proper Cure of Grie^vance for Difpleafure)
than Pleajure j Therefore what is agreeable to
our Stomachy and confequently to our BoJy^ muft
Cttre not caule Appetite ^ as Meat and Drink^ &c.

Obj. But it may be faid, That Appetite argues
a good Digejlion^ which is good for the Body.

Anf, It does indeed argue a quick Dlgejtion^
and great Expence of the Recruits taken in, but
fti!! it is all bottomed upon Deficiency ; and Digc^
fiion may beV and is very often too quick, as in the
BouJimia^ for canine Appetite) Nature delights in a
gentle, kind, and gradual Vijfolution of the Meat
at Stomach ^ to which youMl find, by and by, that
Opium very much conduces by its rcfolving Qft,^.

♦ 2. Nothing in Nature is more pleafing to the fenfi.

' five Soul, as appears by the wiiole Series of our •
Difcourfe, and the explaining all the Phenomena
or good Eff'Ms of Opium by that very Pleafiire of
thQ J enfitive Soul. Therefore,

;. Jr. fas was manifeftly fhewn) does thereby
take off all Grievances, which are the ejfential Farms
of Difeafes j and the ejftntial Forms of Difeafes be-
ing taken away, (which give them beings and make
them to he what they are^ according to the Definition
of an ej/ential Form) the very being of Difeafes

muft be taken away : Therefore our Sal-t^oLti/e*
Oleofum is a compleat Panacea, that takes away the
Effence or Being of Difeafes, in taking away the
Grievance thereoT.

S 5 Here

2^2 The Myfteriei

Here it tna^r be <aid, tbat the Mitcer oY cht
Diftemper remains, and conieqiieiidy a Difftfiiim,
to a JtjAaffe as ibon as the Sal-VcktiU-Oleofitm ha$
ended its Operation.

But what need it end at all^ if you pleale ? Ic
may be renewed without D^^xr^^ (for this is noc
as refinom Ofium) till the Matter is fubdued ther^
by, which it will alfo do^ as appears more matii-
feftly by the following Qualificgtims. For (as has;
been (hewn)

4. It compojei, comforts y enlivens^ encourages^ iit
"vigorateSy and cattfes a great Eupbory cf the fenfit'm
Soul and Spirits^ which are our Natural a^k^
Principles of Motion, by which all ill Matter is
efTedively fubdued when they aft with Alacritj
and Figour^ they being the Trincipal Agents^ ana
we Thjficians box (as was (aid) Minifiers^ or as
Handmaids^ to offer or band good Matter, Me£^
caments^ or Infiruments^ to thole Principal Agents
of Nature y and that this SaLVolatile^Okopim o^

>i Opium is the moft proper Matter or MeJicawent
we can put into Nature^ s Hands fo invigorated,
appears manifeftly in that,

5. Its Principles are the moft agreeable to the heft,
nohleft, ntoft aSrve^ and predominant Principles ^.

our Bodies, as has been proved moft evidently
plene & plane, nor is it only agreeable, but,

6. More vigorous and powerful to atluate^ reduce^
alter^ or exalt our Vrinciples^ according to the Di-
redion of our invigorated Nature, (ox (enfitive
Soul and Spirits) which having fo convenient an
Inftruraent, and highly qualified a Matter, will
ibon alter the perverfe, renew the decaid/ acuate
the ^ dull, and elevate the dcpreffed, effete, and
pall'd Humours of our Bodies, especially feeing,

7, TUf

of Opium Reveafd. ^6j

7. That the SaUVolatile-OIeofiim of Opiuiii
hwg fd agreealfle and powerful.^ mufi he the greatefi
Mg/olver of Humours that can be imagined \ for all
Refolution is by an Agreement of Particles, which
makes them eafily miicible, infinuace intq^ and
l^enetrate each other, efpecially if one t>e fqtpe-
what more vigorous and penetrating than the
pther^ as the SalVolatile^Oieofum has been plainly
proved to be ; Thus it is, that all Adenftruums do
lb refolve things of their own Nature, and lb pu-
xifie and cleanfe them, by taking to themfelve$
what IS meerly and purely of the lame Nature^
aind rejeding or letting go their Hold of what i$
ptberwile : Where it is worth noting, how upon
the Account of the intimate Combination and
tJnion of the Volatile Salt and Oily PartsM our
Tanaeea^ it is dilTolvable in all Menjiruums^ and
pofifequendy an univerfal Refolvent of all the /ir*.
miurs of our Bodies, which its external refolding
of all Humours and Tumours does allb prove. No\V
if it be luch a Refolver, of which there is no
Place to doubt, then as Claudius de la Courvee lays,
it muft excell all Things iti altering and reducing
adl the Humours of our Bodies to a good ana
agreeable Condition.. Nor does it only thus re-
iblve them, and thereby fepar^te fas was faid)
the good from the bad, but,

8. (When it has ib done) ir, hy the amicable
-AgTHablenefs of its S^l*Volatlle-01eolum, compofing
Faculty^ Jtriii Combination of it{ Principles , pins to^
concentrates, congregates^ and (as it were) cements
the befi and mop agreeable into a do fe Union and firm

Textur^^ by fas was laid) the Dire&lon of invir
gorated Nature^ which is of itfelf (the good be-
ing once feparated from the bad) highly fufficient
(without any other Help) to unite Parts ix> agree-
;$')le, and of themlelves inclined to uniteand com-
fi^ ne, tho' all the Parts of Opium (like thoie of

S 4 the

2^4 ^^^ Myfterief

the great Diphint) were gone ; aod when that
is done,

9, Tie bifb JifcuJJlve Quality ef the SaUVolatile-
Olcolum mitfi he njtry tffe£lualfor the DtfflaPion and
VifcuJJion of the fevered efete Tarticles^ which rouft

be highly . affifted and improved by the brisk anfl
Cheartiil Morions of Nature^ ('viz,. the fenfitive
Sdul and Spirits) fo (as is aforefaid) invigorated ;
Nor is this all, but to compleat and perfeA the
Operation,

10. It lays ofen oB the Tores' (f the Body (as has
been Demonftrated) to let them out, and' give ,
the ill iP^trticles their final Exitj by the moft «w-
tural and plentiful Way of Evacuation^ leaving the
Body free from all Adiafnts and Impurities.

I i. I have fuflficiently (hewn bow unalterable k
is in it ft If Chap. ly. (b that like the Liqu»r Alca^

hefi k is not made to be fubdued, but to lubdue
and refolve HI^;w(?iifr/,

Now, what can be required more in a Afcii-
eammt^ and how Can the fevfitive Soul and Spiriti^
(or Nature) (b invigorated, and endued with alt
Eupbory and Cbearfulnefs by this glorious Medici

menty whole Ftinciples ^re not only, agreeable tCf
our noblefl: ones, but more powerful and inti- .
mately cjombin'd , fo refolving of Hutnouri,
ready to unite the good, and to dilculs the bad^
and carry them oiF by the Pores^ ever fail (being
duely adminifter'd) of good lEffcSt in altering aU
the Humours of our Bodies ? *

I

\

Hippocrates^ in his Book De Naturd Homims^
ftates the Caufe of Di(eafes to be a Difgregatidn
of Humours, by which he ftertis to imply, that
the P6wer of congregating and concentrating of
Humours, were fufficient to accomplifii a Vanacea i
which is but one fingk i^ali^ation in eleven of

1 1' I

I

0/ Opium Reveatd. , 2^5

our Sttl-Volatilt-Oltofum, tho' this alone fas is ex-
perienced even in common Preparations of O-
fium) futfices very often to cure Dileafcs by com-
pofing Commotionsj as in Diary Fmers from Ptr.
lurkatioits d^c.

Thus the bitter and firm textured Coriex fas I
have (hewn in my Book De Febrlbits iniermiitenii.
hm) takes off ^gue Fits, by re-combining the
iegregated Humoun withthe Bloud, which it fud-
denly doing, leaves a Difpofition in the Bloud,
when ever it meets with a fegregating Caufe,
Cas Purging^ tifoknt Motion^ Infolatiott^ intemperate
Drivkini, &c.) to a Rflapfe, by 3 fecond Separa-
tion oFthe Morbid Matter from it, as^ou have
it more at laige in my faid Book, p i66, 167. d^c.
242, 245, &e. where you may fee how Opiates
ctfnduce very much to 3 Ipeedy Cure by the Cor.
ttx, by comp'ffing^ &c. Martiatjui fays, Comm. A
tocii in Homine, p. 16. Opium it (ir frohibet La.
marum Difgregntionem ; That is. Opium hinJiri
Dijgrigaiicn of Humours.

. Now you may perceive the true Qualificationt
fS a SalVuknU'OUofum, lb much fought for by
(he Learntd as a Panacea j and how far the com-
mon ones, that are fold in jhe Apotbtcaries Shops,

arc from being fuch.

Syhius (indeed) had an excellent one, with
which hedidmanyi and great C«re/, which be-
ing confidered, (had he nor confeflcd his Igno-
rance of the Caufe of the Effet^s of Opium) and
the Narrative he makes of its Vertue and Per-
formance in his Preface tO the firjt Book of his

I "Praxis, and that he delighted fo much in the XJfe
of Opium, even when he was young, that he
was call'd by the Name of DoUor Opiatus, and
that be declares do Oil was added in its Prepa-
ration,

3,66 The Myfieries

ration^ and that it is intimatei] chat the Ot/ a
VoUttU Tarts were ftri(fHy combined, would have
made me fufped, that ic was the Sal-l'oiatiU-
Oteofum of Opium that he u(ed, which if it w^s
nott I dare be confident, that (notwith^aodiug
all its Excellency) it was not as good.

I an) very well fatisfied, that a true and con-
fummate Sd-VolatiU-Okofum is not to be made
barely by An ; Enquirers might have better fuc-
celi if they fought it among the Natural Tribe
of Bitter Plants that are agreeable to the Sto.
macb^ which have all in them a Sal-Volatile.
Oleofum, but how to pick and coll is (I ihinkj
beft feen by the requifite Qualificatiom of a Vand.
cea that I have ftated. There have been many
in whofe Hands bitur 7bingi have been as a Pa-
nacea. One in Germany cured moft Difeafes
with Wild Sage. Some have done great Things
with Agrimony^ others with Bean Trefoil^ fonic
with Centaury^ others with Gentian, drc. and the
famous Dr. Lower's Prai5Hce ran almoD altoge-
ther upon bitter Things, which did him great
Service in his TinBure of Steel, (as he call^ iij
that he often made in Deftill'd Waters, that could
take Htde or nothing to Purpofe of the TinBure
of Steel, (whether out of Ignorance or Defign,
I will not, tho' I may determine^ which (hews,
that it was the bitter Things that did the good,
and made it as a Panacea, and not the Stetl.

However, certain it is, tliat promoting the
Violation of Meat at Stomach, which thebitter
S^ia-Volatalia-Okofa do, is a great Foundation for
Cure ; and fno doubtj our SaLVoUliU-Oleofum
does, by its incUing., dividing^ and rcfilviitg Qhh.
liiji, contribute very much to a due jolution (here-
of ac Stomach by CvmMtnralnep^ as ^1 Mei^rmmt
do,.

]

I

of opium Reveatd. 2^7

du, (efpecially if it be Fltjl, which we ufc a»^H)r,
and requires oiott help to be refolv'dj wtud)
may veiy well be, tho' ic UlTens Afpaat bf
pleafing Stvf^tcn ; for ("as was fliewo^ ic is quite
another Tiling to cauls j^ppnir^, (or a grinma
Se«fatio») and Refilution (or D'lge^kn) of the
Meat at Stomach j for Wine helps Digefiiom^ yot,
by thi fkafmg Senf^tion that it caufes at Stta^ei^
k cures a canine yifpetite, and at any time (if youH -I
oblerve it) takes oiT the Eagernefs of Afpetiie for i
the prefent ; you can better (tay vviihoai McJt I
- after a Whet before Dinner, than you ooold widi^ I
out it ; fo that the Wine anfwers that of a Wbk 1
as to Digeftlsn^ tho' not to Appetite or Hinv«vl
which is a. grievoui Sffi/iiwithat Winemuftranicif J
Cure than Canfe.

It is true, that Vf^me or Opium may, by canfiiffi
a lenfe of Vkafure at Stomachy caufe fome flay of
(he Meat at Stomach, but it does not ihetKe fol-
low but the Digefikn may be the truer, becaufe
more gentJe and gradual, as it may, and does
happen in Sleep, when Things that are not veiy
liard of Digcfiinn are eaceoj which are not good
at any Tme.

You may remember how Blifters f to which
Opium is near oi Kind, as has been (newDj do
quickly by their refvhing Nature, turn the CutUle
(as if digefted) into a fort of GcUj/ ; what a
mighty Help would iuch a Degreeof /if/e/itfiow
be to the l>igeftk» at Stomach, when it is, by that
Means, like the Skin of a well boii'd Cow-hed,
half turnM to a Gelly, and from a Thing that is
itery hard of Z>ige/?«w, tobe very eafie, as is alio a
Bodr's Skin in Brawn by reafon of the prier Rifi*
fiitien m the Coiling-

If

3(^8 The Myfteries

If (as SanHorius faysj infei^U Ptr/jtiratian hin-
der'd is the Caure of mod Difeates, what is
more proper to Prevent or Cure them than this
Sdyolatile-OUofum, which ca.a&sPerfpiration abore
all Things » ,

I have been lately inform'd, That in (bme
Parts of the moft Eaftern Countries, they
Ufe Opium as a gentral Mtdkamtm or Panacea.

Dr. TTiU'n and Sylviut fay, it hinders the Cim.
gulatien of the BA>«</; how many Cbrankal Difeafci
may it then Prevent or Cure ? That is the great
EfTefl of the Jhahefi, and that is it that mainly
qualifies a Medicament for a Panacea^, as Ceurvie
aflerts, and all Ingenious Men allow.

WUtlim fays, That ic happily refiores the Tant
of the Bloud j What is then wanting to the Pre-
fervationof Health? ■

Fafaeelfus (ays. That Tarn hamini fuam AArwJ
fommm conciUat \ That is. That it puts the Difeafc
afleep, as well as the Man.

t> Plateriui cured the Gout with it fafelj,
^uickiy, and pleafaijtfy, and I know one that can
do it, eftiecially if it be at the firft coming of the
Fit.

Pf^it gives an Tnftance of one perfeAly cured
of a Drepfie and Pocky Pains by the UCs of Uu-
4anum.

ta- Horfi'mi perfedly cured an Hypechondtlattl
Terfin^ that waS troubled with 5(«;*</iy, fVatciingf,
Lafi if Apfttitt^ Trembling, and direful EpiUptkal
Cantmlfioiu, and paft all Hopes^ by the Uft of

"•MTW, 1

I

of opium 'B.eveaVd, 26^

I my felf have often leen Dtfiuxims and Ca.
tarrhi Cured by the ufe of Opiates, and one of
an inveterate ill Habit of Body of many years
ftaadin^.

Wedeliui fays. That it refolves the Gnnwf/c«f«
of the Bloud^ alters and diffipates the tenuious
Parts of it, tempers the acrimonious, &c.

The Anc'mits ufed it againft A^ei \rith great .
fuccefs. «

You may (to confirm this Matter farther) ob. 1
lerve, that among the conftanc and frequent VX- ]
fefls of Opium, there is no bad ones, unlefs there
be 2 or ; purely upon the Account of its Rofm^
(as has been (hewn) therefore when it is fepa-
rated from it there is no Caufe to fear the life of
the Sitl.yiilatile-OUofam, unlefi it be fas in the
Cafe of Ifine) when 'tis taken in an (xcrjjtve Dofe^
Of ufed too long in a laviili intemperate manner;
ib that when I have ftiewn how duely to prepare
it, and the moderate and fafe Dofes thereof^ it
may be uled altogether as Cifely as IVine in a pro-
portionaWe Dofe ; for what Harm can there be in
moderately pleaiing the Membranu, particularly
at Stomach ? which all the belt Things we ufe, as
ffim. Cordials., Meat^ and Drink, do, ( which are
therefore all Opiates in fome degree) thereby aC
luring us of their Goodnefs and AmtabJmefi to our
Boditi, tho' they do it not in lo high a dgree as
our SaLl-'olatiU-OUofum does, which is the more
jiuibititiEkCertijicate oi its Excellency ; tho" it is to
be Itill confeifedt that Excefi of the bell Things, as

Joy., Comfort^ PUafurc, PTtne^ Cordiah, &e. have,

and may do mifchief; but what need £xc^
therein, any more than in /^m. Meat, Cordials^
t^c. which then (like itj are all inconvenient
and injurious to the Body. All

^

tjo The Myfteries

All dus I have fatd to adminifter C^ufe to im-
pfore the fraiticeoi Phyfick by the CiyJof this
tmmrm^ (ncfw that it is knownj by introducing
iis noble Vfi as an Alterative to Cure, as well as
ibniiefly lb palliate Difeafis^ ie being a far more
Thing to Cure than faUiate.

Remember how the Cortex^ Mercury^ Antm9njj
and ocfaer the moft efie^tqal and glorious MeMca^
ri haTe been traduced, and fcandah'zed by the
■jnc Imaginations of the Unlearned, who hai-
vo true Knsmedge of the Vertue of Thills,
wboBy depend upon Fears and Jeahmjies Co gyard
tfacm from their imagined ill EffcQs^ which fgie*
ii^a|fy ^leaking) only the lame Ignorance^ Fcars^
and J^domfus^ gave a Pbantafiical Being to.

It renuJnSj that I in the next Place fhew you -,

I. The true Preparation of this Panacea or Sal-
Ydatife-Oleolum.

2# (kber Preparations of Opium tBat are -next it
m Saf^ and good EffeQ^ and ivbj they are fo^

3. 'Tbc moderate and truly fafe Dofing of tbem alt^

Aac being no Danger in well prepared Opim^
bat from Excefs in the Ufe thereof

T ■! *i

CHAR

•

i

of Opiam ReveaPd. 271

»

i

CHAP. XXV.

Of the preparation of the Panacea , or tnte
Sd-Vohtile-OkofHm f/ Opium.

SEcing that tlie Sal-VelatiU-OUofum of Ofium
mult be fuch an cfFetftual, generous, and ge-
neral Medicament , that is both cordial and *«*-
rativt in fo tranfcendent a manner, it well de-
ferves a careful and curious Fnparatmi there-
fore I will be very particular therein. To that
end,

1 . // muji be feparated from aU the mxiom Ro/m^
and all Filtb and Droft cf the Opium,

2. It fiuji be keft tatirt witbeM wtakming^ tr my
•way altering »r, er sdding m new QwUity tbtrao.
Therefore,

I. Opium muji not he torrtfied^ according to the
Common PnBke \ i.- Becaufe the finefl: and moft
volatile Part (which is the very beft) is thereby
loft. 1. Becaufe ihe rellnous and earthy Parts
(which are not fpent t.i\AtW4y) grow more in Pro-
portion CO the Sal-VolatiU-OUejum -^ (o that torre.
fying cannot be allow'd, unlefs prelerving the Bad,
and deftroying the Good, be allowable. The vain
and oftencatious Pretence ol deftroying (I know
not what) narcotick Sulphur , ( which is a Nick-
name given by Ignorance to the bed Parts of
Opium) is moft inJufferable ftiiff. 5. Becauft all
Empyreum (which renders it very nauleous) can
hardly be avoided in torrefying it ; but fuppofe it
were. What need is there otherwife Co to damni-
fie it? (as is aforefaid.)

272 The Myfteries

Ohj. It is found to be more innooenct after

lucb Tarrefa&ion.

Anf. I grant that it happens fo fbmetimes; but
it muft be meerly by Accident^ either, i. Becauie
it meets with a ftrong Digefiim at Stomachy Or^
2. By the Cuftom of poudering it, which is al-
ways direded, and done after the TorrefaSum;
by which means the refimus Parts being divided
and fevered, become le(s liable to a Caslefcence at
Stomachy and confequently |eis offenfive and mors
fubduable : Elpecially, 3. When it is mixed (tis

Generally it is) with other things that keep the
arts of the Rojin from Coalefcence, and leave them
more conquerable by the Digefiim^ as the Anciemi
found by Experience } who therefore did general-
ly, if not always, mix it in a (mall quantity, with
many other things in great quannty, in the form
of EUQuarUsy as in Venice-Treacle^ MitbriJate^ &e.
though nothing in them corrected the C{pim
otherwife than by dividing and (egregating in
Parts. This indeed is like that of divide d^ imfers^
or interlining iuipeded Soldiers with trufty, ot
friendly ones, to prevent a milchievous Confftra-
cj : But how much better is it to have no Enemy
CO conteft with , by a due and compleat iepara^
tion of the Rofln from the Opium! Otherwife
you muft be obliged to good Accidents, if ever
torrefied Ofium becomes iafe, becauie all the m-
xioMs RoJin is left in it.

Therefore if after TerrefaBim you will give it
in a Mafi, without poudering it , and mixing it
with other things, you'll find its ill Efftils to be
sls bad, if not worle, than ever ^ as you will alibj
if you afterward extrad: it out of Spirit of Wine ^
redudog it into the Form ofPiUs^ by which means

the

of opium ReveaP J. 27 j

ihe fevered Parts of the fsudered R^/in do again co-
alelcc into a lumpijh Condiiion^ which readers it
Worfe than crude Opium, as IVeJelk'x^ my felf, and
others do teftifie; becaufe the O/uara bdtig fbme-
What weakened, and all die Rofin remaining, the
Do/'e of the Opium, and confequently of its Rajia^
Wull be increaled- As, fuppole 8 Grains of cruds
Opium has 2 of Ro/7», zofother Drofi, 2ofP%w,
and 2 o{ SaLV4a{ik'Oleofum\ and that 2 Gf««/ of
the cradQ^ Opium containing half a Grain of the SaU
Yoloftle-Okt)fnm^ was the Dafe^ then if ill tarrefjing
it, one Grain of the S^d-VulatiU-Okefam be loft,
and another of the Phlegm , there will remain
only 6 Graim of the Opium, with the Virtue of one
Grain of the Sd'yolatUe-Oleofum in it i therefore
3 Grains of ic muft be now ufed, to have Haifa
Grain of the Sal-Velatik'&kofumy which 3 Grains
will contain half the Rofin of the whole Mafs, that
is, one Grdiw \ whereas there via.%hnxt half a Grain
thereof in the 2 Oraim of crude opium : There-
fore torrefied Opinm ts in it leU much worfe than
crude Opittm.

And it is yet worfe, if after Torr^cation yon
make an ExrraS of it in Spirit if fftne j for then
the Dtofs and Phlegm being feparated from the 6
Grains, nothing will remain in the Extract but
the Tfftmus ?art, with left of the Virtue of tlie SaU
yolatik-Gleoftim, which is not taken up fo greedily,
as the Ropn is, by the Spirit afWinei befides that,
ibme of this ydatih Port may be loft, and that the
Rofin is now more compaited, as not having as
much as the droffie, earthy, or watry Parts to
fever and keep its voxitus Panicles at a diitance,
to render them (as was fiiewn) tnore fubduable
ind digedible at Storrtuch. See what Paios the in*
eonfiderate World docs take (and exceeding^
b^jll of) to render Opium by ferrefa&ion^ Ex*
T traiiiert

274 ^^^ Myfteries

traition jn Seirit of l^ine^ &c. at leaft twice as no-
zious as crude Opium, wkhout accounting how far
the Sal-Volatilt Oleofitm that remains is itnpair'd
hy the Fsre and Spirit of WJn'e • It is therefore no
mmder that tVetlsUut declares. That he found more
Mi/chief by fuch Extraih out of Spirit of IVmc^
than any other Preparation of Opium. \z is pbla
then,

II. That we muji mt extraSi it out if Spirit if
ff^ine, or any luch- fulpbareous Hefflruum ; i. Be*
caule more apt to excratft the Rofin than the Sd.
VoUtili-Oleofum. 2. Becaufe (he Refin will be more
compacted. 3. Becaule the Spirit tf Wint may
in fome meafore alter it.

III. We muji not extrM Opium jir0 cut of Wstcx\
And i^erviard out if Spirit »f Wine, and ihm mix
them together, and evaporate them to an ExtraS :
For this is (as was faidj wifely taking care to adi
tha Piiifon to the Pa?iacsa^ or Rofin extraiSed by

the Spirit of iVine, to the Sal-l^olatile-Olcgfum a-

tratfted by the Water ■, befidcs the Impair and Lofs
made of tlie SaLVoUlile.OUofum by the Spirit >[
Wtnt , and the Evaporation^ how gentle foevec
it be.

Here it will be feafonable to swr?. That that
is a general gr^eat Fault committed by Preparer
of Medicamcntt, Specially fuch as pretend to moll
Caroifity therein, in endeavouring (jight or ■uTont)
to have all tlie Principles of the Plant, t>c. join d
together in xh^K Medicaments, however »i)J:m«' Of
comrary to t!ie Purpofe, f as you lee in the In/lanci
juft now mentionedj whereas ihey had much bet-
ter do as the great Hdmont fays, Fbarm. &■ Difpe^f
Modern. 12. '•'■ Sanguirtem acfuare ^ {^ Faremhymmt
*' PLwiarum dtjtinguere^ & feparare difcant T^rcms,

^

bf Opiiint Rei/edN. 27^

f*^ fi lulc^uam lauJe Mgnum per Jimplicia egije medtten-
** tur. That is, " Let Bes^inmn learn to Mfiingnf^)
_.^ and fefarate the true Bloud of Plants from . thi^ir
^Cruer ( ot dtai Gore ) and Parenchyma, if thej
' think to do any thing ?raife--wortbj by Simples.
fou*ll find this to be very pat in the true Preta-
tti in 0! the Sal- yolatile-Ohofim J whole Ruby.ceioitr
bakes it look like Bkud, while the Rnfin, Earth.
id Drofs , make the Appearance of a duH and
Md Cruor, (or Gore.)

\ IF they took a TinSiure of Opium in Spirit of
*5wc, and ufed it io, it would not be ib bad J
ir then the rr/tnous Particles are dilleminated, and
BE fo liable to Coalefcence at Slcmach^ hat io
reat is the Stupidity, that they take care, byre-
being it into the Farm of an Extrail, to combine
'lem and make them as noxious as is poffible ;
I then they think them worthy co be boafted
I as their Nofirums, proclaiming their Ignorance,
ttd glorying in their greateft Sijweand Difgrace
f Mankind, that Humane Species (hoaid have
ay fuch unthinking Brutes m it.

. IV. fp£ muji not ufe Acids in the Preparation there-
. Bscauio being in their Nature oppofite to
tiafilt Salts, it Cannot be done withonc Ifijury
iihe Sal-VolatiU.oh,fum of Opium. 2. Becaulc
ley cannot fo well agree with the eily Parts of IE.
fet are they nor fo much to be b'amed as Extr»Ui
lade in Spirit of iVinej or fulphureout Menfiruums ;
Scaufe acid Menfiraums leave the R^pn behind
urn Qn:ouched, or not extraded.

V. A Sa!i»D.VoU!k Menjiruumi as Sfirit of Sal
\mmoniac, of Urine, &c. is not fo proper : i. It
ray render the SalVeUtik-OUojum of Opiam too
irimonious. a. Becaule bv its Volatility, hair
T J mony,

2^€ The Myfleries

niony, &c. it may caufe too gieat a ftir in thi
aloud, &c. and fo oppofe or hinder Slee^^ which
is one of the mod happy and ufeful £jfefli of
Opium, (or its Sal-Volatile-Olecfam.} ;. Becade
it may have undue Effe£ls by altering its genital
Diffofiiion: Nay,

Vt. We are not to afe a lixi-viitl ^(r«/rw««7,([ho*fo
much cried tip) i. Becaufe it extraiSts the refinsm
Varts^ which (cxperso creje RokrCo) I have foundtobc
pernicious upon that account, like Extraih in Spirit
iflf^tne, unlefe great care be taken to (eparate thofe
Pfcr/j (which is not cafily done) by Filtratmi,
&c. 2. Becaufe being very apt to join with the
oily Parts, and quite to dctlroy their Nature, by
conveiting it into a kind of Saj^o j it may deal lo
witti Ibnie of the cily Parti of the SiilVaiatili-OUo.
fum of Opium, i. Becaufe there is no need to
run any of thele Hazards, fince the Sal-yoUutt.
Ohefum may be (as I llialUhewj eafily extrat^ledin
its fwr/V/, without tliofe Troubles and Dangtrs. 4. Be-
caufe any Tindure made thus is apt to let go tlw
Refill at Stemacbj if it be diluted with aqueous Moi-
fture taken before, with it, or after it ; which fa
bcrng let go, eoalefces, and does mifchief

VII. Theufe of Fire any way (belidcs that of
Torrefaftion) is much to be iufpefled: i. I
caufe tlie Sd-yoUtHs-Okofum may be in feme mea.
fure thereby evaporated : Or, 2. An Empriimt
contra^ed : And, 3. The Rvfin (as was faid of
its TorrefaBim) grows the more in Proportionj
I if any of tlae SaLl^olaiik-OUofum , or but the
phlegm be (by that meansj evaporated, and tlic
Rtmatridtr kept for ufi. Ajid particularly,

Vill. The Diftillation thereof may cauie ml^
Liy iUteraiions in its PropirjWj Strength, ^c. ~

4

J

of Opium Reveal J. i;y 7

Wc muft therefore avoid all thefe fVap of pre-
paring li'^ and yet niuft wet

T. Separate the SalVolatikX)leofum of Opium frop$
0B its Rofin^ Earthy Filthy and Drcf.

2. No way weaken it^ alter it^ or add new QjfJ'
iitits thereto^ but prelerve this mod Noble and /«-
ffiimable AJedieament in its Puritji and Sincerity.

To this end Rainwater difijIPd, ufecj cold, an-
Iwers all Intents : For,

I. It readily imbibes the SalVolatile-QleofHm q^
Opi»m , withopt Fire^ Heat^ lixivial Salts^ as Salt
of Tartar^ &x,

z. It imbibes none gf the Rofi^ of the Opiums
Ibut lets it ati (ubflde together with the earthy and
droffie Parts, feparating the lighter Filtb fif therq
be any j to the jurface.

5. It no way weakens, alters, or adds any nev^i

f^dity to the SalVolatile.Oleofrw.

4.. Whatever cold Water diflblves, which is
the General Drink^ or Menfiruum^ appointed by
the AlLwife Creator for the PilTolution of all
Things taken into ^he Stomach of Animals , is
cafily diffblved at Stomach by its more powei>
ful and agreeable A^tnllruaw. And not only fo^
4but> •

y. Pf^ater it ielf is a mighty StomacbUk^ an4
Confer of Digefiton , as Hippocrates pofitively der
ckires, L. 6. Epidew, SeH. 4, But there's nq
need of quoting Hippocrates in lb notorious a
thing, daily Experience tells- us the (ame : Do
not all Animals^ by its Help, digeft their Food ?•
Po not all Mineral IViiters (fcarce any exceptedji
create an Appsttte^ and caufe Digefiioh, even when
no fcch Effeit can be a^tribut^ to the Mineral

they contain ? Tlwn which they 4q ^lft> ( ^^

T 3 ^ my

JJ78 The Myfieries

may be very eafily proved) more good (gene«

raUy fpeaking) ifiTov f/^ d(%5 for which) and

many more Reafons^ it is great NegleS and FoBj^

that it is not more uled for ExtraSs^ &j:. for then

rl'.ey readily diflblve at Stomach y and thereby

fweetlj 3iV\A ^eedily take £^*ff, giving it the leaft

Labour iand -Dlfturbance that may be , as is expe*

rimentally found in that of Aloes^ Scammonj^ Bri- •

ony^ HcHeboj^y jigaric^ Rhubarb^ Coloauintiday Sena,

find what not? unlefs the f^ertue lies in the reJL

not4s Parts ; for then fulphureous or lixi'vial Mtti^

firhums are convenient. How inconvenient arc

they then, when the Evil or Mfcbieflics chereini

asinourcafel

6. It is not to be doubted ^ but If^ater gene*
rally imbibes wha^ is beft and moft agreeable to
pur Bodies^ it being ^Q general Menfiruum appcnnl-
ed by Wifdim it felf for that Vfe^ and to be the
Vehicle of what is beft in all our Food^ &c. to
the Bloud I However, there can be no dcuk of
(what mainly concerns us at prefent) its moft
ready diflblving our Tanacea in the Stomachy that
does it out of it, when cold^ without the convex
nient digeftive Heat and powerful Menfirumn that
it finds there. Therefor^ •

Take of difiilhd Rain-water 24 OitncUy of eboke
Opium fiiced thin 8 Ounces ^ put ttctn together in a
ftrong GlaJ^ VeJJel of BottU^metal^ that contains about
"3 Pints ; let it be of a tall Figure^ with a fiouli •
that conveniently receives a Cork j (a large GlaS'BHtk
psjy ferve • the twrn^) cork it fb of the Cork my hi
eajily taken out, flsaking it 3 or 4. times a day fir 6
days y and keeping it in a place free from Frops^ or
any 'very fevpble degree of Heat : Which beiw per*
formed^ lay the Ve£il fide^long for 24 hours tmger^
and ffrerward decant and fihre your TtnSure^ ("wtttGh

will be of a Rjiby colonr) and pnp if imos &4

oj opium ReveaN. 27^

Bottle of fuch a Bi^nefof that it ma) fiH it within *
fmaU matter of the Cork ; and fo let it .^<.mi for 3 or
4 days ; then pi.r off fame of toe fu> face of it, and to.
fiead thereof^ put fweet Oil thereon : Lit the yejjel
have a convenient DuU, er Pipe^ in the fide thereof ,
to empty it out upon occafion. This I call che iiywV
Panacea of Opium.

To the FeCCS aid a Pint of cold difilN TVater,
Jhaitjig the Veffcl (as before J 3 <"" 4 timet in the
Jay ; let it ^and on it 24 hours , and in the morn,
rng decant it into another Vejfd j repent the fame
quantity of dijlili'' A Rain-water, tiS the Ofjum no
longer tinges it, or very mconfiderably in 24 hours :
^t lajiyeu may ufe Witter kept hot by a Pire, &c. the
better to ex'.raS the remaining Sal-Volacils-Oleo-
fiim. Evaporate all thefe lafi ffaters in BAlneo to
the confifienci of an Exira£l. This I call the Solid
^^/inacea of Opium.

^BgoZ) and Nature a£t by fimple Means i and
^Kidiing ( in imitation of Them ) is tnore com-
^Bendable in a Medicamtm than Simplicity i there-
^Hre 1 Ihall add nothing to the Panacea' i, but
Hfrholly leave that to oiher Phyfciam to plesfe
- Themfelvei or Patients, by adding Amherrrife, Musk^
Saffron, Oil ff Cinnamon , or otbur chymical Oils^
Sugar ^ or the like, according to their Intent.

I haveobferved, That (as Reafon tells us) its
SmeS is beft palliated by other rank Smells, as that
oi Onions, Garlicky Afa-fxtida, &c. and iR bitter
Tafie witii bitter things, as Gentian, Centaury^ &c.
Therefore when Perfons that know its Smell and
7afie are avers to take it, (if the other more ac-
ceptable Things will not fuffice for that purpofe)
ule fome of thefe-, You may, when you are in
lufte, infule half a dozen dices of Gmian-root,
T 4 and

aSo Th Mxfieries

and one flice ol" an 0/>m», or a bruifed CUvi c .
Garlick, or bc*h, in s. Glaf\ of tVmt, for one hour
for a Fei/V/* in that cafe ; 'Twere better to in-
luft them longer, if you have lirae ; but you'll
find, that the Ih^uU Panacea has not fuch a migh-
ty rank Tafte, or Sniell, but that it is cafily pal-
liated by (iich means, if the Opium had no Em-
fyreum. The filid Panacea m?^Y hs alfo palliated
by the lame Things, conveniently mixed tiiere-
with.

I know there are other ffays and Mtam to
fcparate the Ropiy &c, as extrailiiig a Tm^
Aure of Ofmm in Spirit of fVme^ and afterward
precipitating the Rofin withdiflilied Rain watery
but this is attended with more Trouble and
many Inconveniences , that are avoided by the
cold MjlilleJ Rainwattr : For, I . You know not
how the ^f'trit ef Wtnt may (as was faid) alter
it. 2. This is going round the Bu^ , and com-
pounding two Mm^mumt together, whereas the
funple Wattr ufed alone is much better, j. You
cannot thus feparatc the relinous Pariidei (o
perfeAIy, by nafon that the Spirit of fVine niuft
retain fome of them ; and if you add move and
more IVaier in the Precipitation , the Tin^ure
becomes too much diluted, and very weakj
How ranch better is it to ufe a Mfvfiruum that
never takes up any Rofm, and confequently needs
no fuch Separatiett and Lahour of Precipitatim:
It is better not to admit an Enemy to one's
Country, than afterward to endeavour bis Kx-
fuBon-y for he will at bert leave fome Markj
of his Hoftility behind him , as the Rcfn wiij
in the Spirit of li-'ine.

oj opium RcTieatii. 981

The like hi6»viinfi>Kiti ihere will be in fe-
paracing k by the way oiUijiiliMim^ as, '. The
alteting of it by the Tyranny or I-ire. z. The
Io(s ol it by RvA^ratum. }. The iddttinD of
the Particles of Fire thereto. 4. The never fc-
piating it lb well that way. y. The diliini-
ting of the Oil and FoUtik Salt \a ibtue mea-
fifure. But what Experience may hereafter teach
Men, 1 will not determine, neither canl.

But this I can, That as it was even mirMu-

\iom^ [hat People Ihould never luiiid die Caule

I they daily /e/f, and ibllcitouQy fought for ; fo it

■ is as (Irange that they could not hit upon the

\ plain Ule of Water ( fo very common in all

-Hands; for a Men^mum, either by CboKce or

CtnJiJeratioft , in all the Eajlern Parts of the

World , where it is fo univerially taken, or in

the iiiquifitiVe iVeflern Parts of the World, where

it has been ftudied and confidered by great Niim-

(kberswith the utmoft Diligence: But they paffing

over IVaier as defpicable, becaule common, ((or

Familiarity breeds Contempt) tho' its being made

the Drink of all living Creamres by the Omnifaent

flwold commend it above all things, did like thofe,

that regardlefly i»a£ over a 7ewf/, or7«a/«re,and

pthaving once left it behind them, proceed farther

and tarther from it, the greater progreG they

make, concluding that it was not to be found ths

way they pafs'd ; not becaufe it was not there,

but becaule they could not lee it.

As for the keeping of the UfuU Panacea uncor-
rupted, 1 do not find it apt to change \ however,
becaule made fo eafily by bare throwing it into
Water, it need not be kept long , but may be
made upon all occafions^or at Icalt one under the
oilier.

sS J ^ fbe Mjfteries

other, as the Apothecaries Q)eiid it» ^^^ho (it is not
improbable) may by thdr great %^mi(/ and Ex-
urkfia in tboie Matters, nnd other ooDvement
Means to prefore it for thdr pnrpoic.

« ,.

GHAP.

c/ opium Reveafd. 283

CHAP. XXVI.

Of other Tteparaions of O^ixm^ that are iA^
folutdy or tekrahljifafi in a moderate Dofi.

I, A LL Preparatms are very fafe in a modtratt
x\, -Do/f , wherein the refnous Part of tba
Opium if whoSy feparated from it. Such are all
ExtraSls made in aqutem Mettftruums^ or any other
ihai imbibes none of the rtjinoai Tarts o{ Opium:
As the Vrefaration that ffedtliM has in his Opie-
logia^ L. I, SeS. 2. Cap. y. p. 65. which is extra-
ficd out of Phlegm of Vinegar that remains after
the Preparation of Arcamm Tartari. So Lauda^
Bum Ucjuidum Cydoniatum , and Lattgelotth Lauda-
nam^ if the relinom Part be duly feparated, are
very fafe and commendable for the like Reafort ;
as is alfo Le Mort\ ExtfaCl out pf Raiiuwater^ Dia.
ciidium,<^c.

11. All Preparatietis wherein the re^mm Partt of
Opiutn, tho' not feparated fremiti are fo alier'd^ or-
der'd^ divided, &c. as not t» fiick to the Stomach,
and rendered digefiible and pajjiihle out tf it without
■Ofencey may be fafely ufed. Of this itind there
are, or may be two Svrts :

firjl, Such wherein the Nature of the it^ is
altered (inlbme</err«atleaft0

Secondly, Such wherein^ the' the Nature of the
So/in is not deftroy*d, yet is it fo ordered, di»^
ded, &c. as not to fiick to the Stomach, but reO'
^er'd dige{Kble 4nd pailable without Ofienc&

9f.

tl4 ^*^ Myfteries

Of the Firjl Sort are,

I. Sucb Prej>araTims, ifierein the rejinous Part a
Gtpium tr ^uiie aiureJ tn its Form and Naturt tj
C&mifiry, or artificial Tarturei of Fire • which be-
caufe hardly to be done without much impairiog
the Sd-Volatik-Oleofum, will be neither commenda-
ble,nor worth while,confldering how eafily.wkhout
riwt Trouble, Pmns, and LiAour, even the Rn^nk
felf may be feparated wholly from the G^mm by
o^tMOHs Mett^ruumj.

X. Such Preparatiotis wherein the rifimns Purti tf
Ofrium are altered, itnd (as ic were) foapi^ed by It-
xivial Salts or Soapi, which readily engage and in-
timately join with the fmall rrfinvtis Pairiclei of
the Opmm, by long and Orong pounding tlicm
together in a Mortar^ or oitierwife (as in Ma.
tbtui's (or Smrkey\) Pill, BatePi Pacifick Pill, &c.)

by which means thofe rcjiims ParricUs become fin
a groat degree at leaft, if not wholly ) mifcible
with, and Jo diflblvable, and digelHble in the li-
quors we drink, andeafily fubduable t^ the Aden,
firmim at Storanch, out of which it alio ealily paHei,
by reafon of the great llipperineli it acquires (which
atfo prevents its fticking) by that intimate mix-
ture with the Soap (ov Ltxiviah ; ) Therefore I
take thofe Piifj ol Matibews\iTsA Dr.B<»ie/'s,,co be
fsfe Preparations, tho' not to be compar'd to the
foKocee, wherein all Danger and its Caafe is quite
pken away by wholly fcparating the i-efiootis
Parts, Earth and Filth, of the Opium from i:s
Sd-yolatilt.Okofum : And (doubtlelsj !wd Math,
rhtn^i^ Starkly, and Satvi known, that the.^fm of
Opium had been the Caufe of its ill EffcMi, they
would never have fpcnt Months in preparing the
Sapo tartareus to correft Opium, when they might,
with the hundredth part of tlie Trouble, and loi-j

and ioi'^^

(^ opium ReveaFd. 285

rfeth part of theTiwe, wholly have taken away the
pernicious Part by aqueous Menfiruums, which they
only pretend to correA by the Sep tartartus^
tho' I allow it (for the Reafem aforefaid) to be a
good Cotreiiory yet cannot it equal the total fepa-
ration of die pcmicms Farti.

I am of Opinion, (upon my beft Thought! and
fome Experience) That intimately mixing and fub.|
I duing Ofium wicb good white Soaf, may (for th4 J
^kReafom aforefaid ) prove a gooe) and ready Con
Bfffr, or Preventer, of the Ailkfian of the rejim
^rfarts of Ofium to the Ssomacb, much cotlduce to i
^ Dijfolution, ot Digefiion therein, and nimble fl'
ping out of ic, and thereby prevent all the iS l^.
feiii ofOpiim^ which it caufes by the Adhefion and J
JmUge^ihlenefs of its Riifm. "

^f the Second Sort if Preparatioas of Opiu
wherein its Rofin remains whtlly unahereU in
^tnrs^ yc: becotms f^e hy dividing it. Sec.

This is mainly, (if not altogether) done by i
tms and through Divijtm of the refinous Parts c^J
iOpium, and keeping them afterwards from a Co*, j
iefeence tR, and Adhefion to the Stomachy by whidh-
ineans they become dlgefttble, or at lead paffa^le
4Kthout Offence. This may bedone,

. By TorrefaUion^ tiUtbe Opium » -vtry fi-iablsf
then finely foudering «, and mi^dng il with fuch J

lungs as are of good C0f^/eB<:e^ &e. to fteep iha J
'arts of Ofmm from a Coalefcenct , as in KcwmJ
Treacle, MithriJatey Diafcorditim y the P^ileniunifjM
n^c. This was the W% and Method- tbzt the Ai^ ^
cirnts ufed j which caufed Galea to lay, "TTuc
" Opium alsne (thit is, undivided and unniix'd with
* other things to prevent its Codefcence, &c,) wat
{J dangttsus^Siit mist -with other thingswai [aluttferout
Cwhicjj

a 8^ The Myfietiei

(which they found by Expirknce, not knowing"
the Caufe, but attributing the Safety thereof to
fomething among the many Ingredients as a Cor-
reflor of the Opium.) Hence it was that they put
fmall Quantities thereof into Electuaries made of
many and much other thingi^ that kept the Par-
ticles afunder ; which they did Co commonly, that
(at laft) all EkBuaries were call'd Opiates. Thui
we had thole Compojitioni above named, which are
fafely ufed for the Reafons aibrelaid •■, not that any
thing therein correfts 1 know not what poifommi
or narcocick Quality in Opium, but that the other
Ingredients divide its Rsfin^ and afterward keep its
PartieUi from Coakfcertce and Adbffion.

1. Dijfoltition of Opiam in Spirit of PVine, of (iich
fttlpbureous Sprits which finely divide the Rafm,
and ufing the bare JinBure before the refinous Par-
ticles are again compared (as in Extraifi, &c.}
may be of «/e, if duly adminjftred.

But here a Caution is to be ufed, That you take
it not in, or drink any aqueous or fhUgmatick Li.
ji»»</with it, or before, or after it, in two onliree
hours J which if you do, t\i^refimui ParticUi vnW
be precipitated thereby, and fo ftick to the ht-
tern of the Stomach, caufing thereby the ufual ill
EJfeSj of Vomiting, Anxieties, &c. Therefore it
fliould be given only in A^irituous Li^ui/i.

Note alio. That if you give a S'llntion thereof
In any Lixivium^ you take Care not todibte it
by any Means by afteoM Lsfjiiidi in Two Hours
before or after you take it ; for then there bang
but little Lixivial Salt in proportion to the Liquid,
(he refimas Parts are let go, and precipitated to
the Bottom of the Stomach-, as in the Cafs of the
Spirit of unnt fo dilated : Of which i have fcen
a very convincing Infiance ; for one that had an
Efteem of Lixiziials in this Cafe» nor only (xc-
cording to Helmmt, and the Common Cry) to cor-
red

of Opium Reveard. 287

teft O/iwOT, but alio (o extraift its Vertue the more
cffeftuallyj made a TinHwe of Opium in Wattr^
lixiviated with Salt of Wormwood, whereof he
took the Quantity that he had feen me give of my
Liquid Tavacea^ in a Ceffee-Dlfli full of Water,
which precipitaringthe R^n'mthz Stomach jCAukd
him tol^omitm about an Hoar after, and continued
<b to do for about i y Houri. By which you
plainly fee, that the great Secret of Lixiviafi to
corrcft Oftum^ lies meerly in its Divifion of the
'Eb^h thereof, fas in the Cafe of Sfirit rf IVine and
foudering xt) and afterward keeping ^ its P«mc/ei
afunder during its Stay at Stomach ^i v/\\xc]^ the
£apa tartareus does (and probably other i'o^p
may doj very welt, lor the feveral Reafim aforc-
faid.

3 . Dijfolution of Opium In the Yulk of a rear nnv
laid Egg, by pounding the t)ole that you intend
to take, with a little Quantity of the Tolk, till
both be thoroughly mixed, and then taking it in
the remaining Part of the Yolk : By which Means
you not only finely divide the reftnous Parti of
the Opium, while the Tolk of the Egg intimately
mixes with them, (as it does with othet Rtjmi
and Turpevtinti) but fend along with it into the
Stomach what is digeRible in it (elf, and more
and more divides and feparates the rijinoui Parti,
and highly contributes to their final DiJJolutim
-and Digrfiiim j (b that (I doubt not) but you'll
find this few, ready, and agreeable Means, as
,£ood (if not better, all Things con/ideredj than
the former, and even equal to the Sapo tarcarcui.

By what is laid, tho* (hort, you may (becaufe
it is the clear Truth of Things) judge of the
Gicdnefi of all Preparations of Opium. And,

I. That

cilB TheMffkrhi

I. Tiat ytfimus Things jhoul/t not he aJilti'to
Opium ; becaufc fuch (tike its own Rofin) renders
it more indigefiible, and apt to ftick at ScBmach ■
Hence it is, that the Siyrax Viil, having refinoas
Things in it, .ind crude Opium, does lb ofiea
caufe diffnai EfeHs, tho, (ihtiodxh) much efteem'd
for the /.««£') Cougbsf Defiuxlom, &e, for having
ftch Balfimick refimms Thtngij as Styrax, and O/i.
hanum in it, whereas the Benefit is fiom the O.
fium. Had Dr. S-jr^j fenown the Caufe of the
Mifcbiifs of Opium, he would never have put Btn-
yamin m hViPacifick Pill.

2. Tijf iiiK Preparaiiotii made of ExtraBi in Spi-
rit if IViiK, »re to be rejtffed, (ijch Extraili being
tnuch worfe than Cruile Opiiimy and Experimen
tally found to be fo ; therefore our common Lon-
don Laudanum^ being made of Opium prepared in
Spirit of Wine, is no commendable Preparation,
tho' lb much uled, and cried up ; which al/6 Ex.
ferience proves, in that it fometimes caufes the ill
EffeUi of Opium^ when given alone in a good
Doff. You'll find more of thefe Miners when
you come to Ch,jp. 29. Which confifts ot gemrai
Rules and Cautiom concerning the \J{i of Opium,
therefor^ (tho* I may add iome Ufefiil Olifervl-
tionij 1 put an end to this Matter at prelcnc for
that Realbn ; and becaufe what is to be truly
done in the Preparation of Opium Is very evident
from what is faid, fince the Caufe of the iS Eft&s
otOpiam is now certainly known to be its Re^o;
to the Separation or due Aheratim of which, (b
as to caule it to pafs the Stomach without Adkefm
or Offence by its Stay or IhdigeJiibUnefs^ all regard
muft be had in the Preparation thereof, as is in the
Ibllowlng Preparations, which arc therefore fi^e. "

CHhfi

h^l

of Opium Reveafd. aj8 ji.

CHAP. XXVII.

testhe befi Preparations of Opium, tpUri
I. to find them^- and what is their refpeSive
thfe^ &c.

70\J may infer out of the Premrfes, which
are the beft Prtfarathis of Ofium-, viz.

■ I. Such as have the refinoia farts of Opium ftfa^
Wttdjrom them ; 41,

■^ I. Tht liquid Panacea if Opiam.'lDtfaWxa incij.

2. 7he {olid Panacea o/'OpiumS"'"''"^ fi*"*-

3. Diacodium (or fjT, e mecon.) In the Zrf*-

ion Difpenfatety.

4. Laudanam liquidum CjrJoniatam In expe-

ri^ced Mr. Wtlfiris Chymifi-rj ^ and in curiour
J^. Stafhurfi^iO^cina chymka Lendinenfis.

I Nttt, That there are ieveral needlefi pFeoeed-
gs in this Frefaraiicn, as tliat of puding Teaft to
I €fc. Let your Aim iti making it be to feprate
tiTiJinBta P^TCs ; therefore inllead ot two£xpreG
_ ms direfted, ule only a careful Dicantation^ be-
eaufe the R-fm may pais by Expr,ffittg it,

f, J'F'aldius's Ldudanum^ whJcll is his Ofilogia,
L. I. SiH. 2. Caf. 2. P. 6f.

Note^ That the fpumous fart on the Surface is to
be taken off, and the clear Tmcture to be decanted
from the Ficcs, and afterward evaporated in
Balnco, 10 the Confiftence of an ExtTiiff.

6- Le Mart's Exiraii out of Rjiawaier, whicb
. you have in the nioft Learned Dr. Lovt'i Colldta-
Lgina Cbymita. P. 104.

2^6 the Myfieriei

H, Such Vriparttkm^ wherein the refmout Ptrti
^Opium are alrend, and at it were foapijud hj li-
xivial Satcfj or Saapij viz.

I . Dr. Starkey$t or Matthews Pj/?, which you

have in Mr. {(''tlfon's Chjmijlry^ ^'•l?"* i?*. In

mgcnious Mr. Shiplbn's Fbarmeci^pxia Bateana, a-

■ n\ang KhcPillf-, and in Mr. Sc^fhii'Ji's p^einttCiy-

tn'ica LonMnenJif^imOng tho LauJafiumi p yj.

Note, That the main Things to be ref^ardcd la
the making upof thisP;5, are i. To fpare no La-
bour in pounding, fubdoing, and intimately mix.
ing the Sapo tartartm and the Qfium. z. That the
Sapa fiiouid be twice as much as ihc Opium; ibit
tc may tiie better fubdue the refinous part Of the
Opium.

Note, That as to tlie other Things contain*d in
thefaidPii^, they may, or otherthings be added,
or omitted, according to the Intention oUUePbji-
/ician ; only this I fay, that it is very convenient
other things Oiould be added to the Sapa and Oju.
urn, the better co leparate and difgregaie the pans
of the Opium, ( as has been intimated.)

Nete, That if the Mafi be too dry, you may
('as Mr. mifon directs J ufe fome of the Oil thai
ieparates from the Sunp, or rettifiedOiiotTar^
tine, ^. f. to moiftcn ic,

2. Dr. Bates pacifck Pill; which yoo hare a>
moug the PiiSi, m Mr. Shipior>i VharmacopitM Bo-

tejna.

Note, That the iame Things aretobeobferv*d,
as to this and Surkefi Pill, in all Particulars.

Note, That the Emjamln fliould be omitted, z%
being refimm. 111. Such

I

of Opium ReveaPei. 2^ i

III. Such Prepjratmi if Opium, vheriin in
rtptioMt' Tarts remain unaker'd in thrmfelves-^ ytt fa
dh/iJeJ, feparattd, &c. asta be nndsrd iitnosent.
fuch are,

1. Venice Treacle. -^

4. I>iafcOTdmm. (theIW«, D,fpenfa,orj:l

y. Mitbridate. J

Note, That in all thefc Prtparationi, the Op'""!

»ffiouId be carefully mixed widi the other Ingredi-
ents,- and to that end, cither torrified and finely
IBouder'd, or diflblved in Water^ which divides <
, ail its Parts, and then throughly mixed with tha
other Ingredients while 'tis off, or after 'ds redu-
Ced by Ev^iparathn to the Confidence o? a ^y'"'f> O''
fcmewfiat thinner.

6. Sydenham's Lmdanum, which you'll find ill
'Ur. mifmi Chymifiry.

Note J That the main Care in this Preparation,
is to let the Liquor have a iafficient dme to clear
i from the Faces^ and to feparate from it j that yoii
^nay bythac»>M»j havelelsof theKoy?"-

■' NotCy That this is bed glvgn in a f^iritucut LI.
^uid, left its Rj>fin (' tho' it cannot have much ini
ir, if well decanted ) be precipitated at Scomadl.

Niite^ That the H<nbane-feed in the Philm'wnts
ioould be left but, i. Becaufe it makes the /?«/«
more uncertain. 2. Becaufeit isnottobeefleem'd
ib much as Op'um j at leatt you muldply things
rithout necefficy in patting it in.

i

Ui

Mf<;

2^2 The Myfterm

Note^ That PH. e Cy^oglop ( as was laid vol tfc
la^ Chaffer of '^il. e Sty race ) is^ a very ill Cdrnpofi-
lion, both upon the Account of the re/inms Things
that it contains , z% alfo the refinous Trefaxatkn of
0/)«wthat it is made of; and therefore does fas
that e Styrace) often caufe grievous Effeilsi Nor do
I iKyn^lhQ London Laudaniim ("whc^Nanie does
probably recommend it more than any Thing
elfe ) worthy a Place among the hefi sind fifefi Fre^
farations^ becaufe the (^um is rend^'d worfe, or
more, reiinous, than the crude, by being extra-
fted out cXSfirit ofWme\ and becaufe it hds too
few other Ingredients to divide, fegregate^ and
keep its re^ous Parts from CoslefreMcei^fothsitk
may^ and lometimes does caufe ill Symptoms; &
Philohmm ntagifirale is to be rejected for the like
Reafonsy befides that it is otherwife a fi3oK& Pre^
faration^ becauie Ofium^ Bmjammy M^rrb^ and
Munsmj^ are ordered to be mads an Ofia$e^ or
EleSiuary whh Sprit of Wine^ which is ridiciiIciQS.
So Troch de Carabe^ and de T&tTA LemniOj ate QOt
without their Faults, becaufe one has Ftankincenfe^
and the other Glihanum init, (which are refiaous)
t ho but in a fmaH Quantiw. Sef de Thtere^ having
a great Quantity of the Frankincenfe, is not com^
mendablc) fince the Opium is alio crude.

^|ow having ihown you, which are the beftand
worft Preparations^ and why j it remains, that I
fliow you the jufi Dofes of the befi ojoAfifefi j whofe
Number is very fiifficient to anfwer all Intents^
^vichout medling with fuch as may not be fi> fiie»
orti^at.

Ah

o] Opiuiti kiifearj. 3^3

An Explanation of the Table of Dofcs.

I Had once added an ExpUcatorf Table of the
Marki 1 ufc ; but aicerward confidcred, that alt
Vh^ficiani and good PrMhioners in Pliyficfc do
^know them, and that it was not fit to inrruft
others therewith. Therefore I fhallonly add Iboifr.
thing for the better and readier Uft, of the pi emi-
fed Tabk of Dofei.

1. Wyfe, ThatthefoTiof P^r/OT', that you ha»i .
to deal with, are placed in the apptrmoj} Space ofjl
the laid Tahie, and the Dafet fit for liich and fiidij
Pcribns, put dirci^ly under diem in die iamc
Column.

2. Nate, That tiiere are three forts of D^fci of
every particular frepiirar/w, thatisthe /ejj?, miJ-
Mtj and highifi Dofe^ under every it»rt of jW-w or
IVomen, which are alfo of three forts, the j?fw^
miMitig, and w^ak, as you feein the upper Spjce. ■

J. JVi!ff,( therefore J That wlien yon are abdtJt '
10 give an Opiate to any Adiinor /f^/awn, that yOdJ
firft look in that upper Space for the fort of Pei*
Ion you are to give it to, as weak, ftrong., or mid-
ling Men or Ifomcn : Then carry your E/i down
in that Column, till you corns over againft the
■Trepuratien that you intend to give* and there
you'll Bnd in the Ciid C^/kwj thnt forts vf Dafei^
ih&loTVefi onthe/c/f //an^; ihehlgUft on \hs right
Hand-y and t\itmoder.iie D.fe between them-

A? (iippoft you are about to give a middle Dofe
of the Liquid Panaeea to a ftrong Mmt (ee for
ifiroTfg Men) in t\ie upper Space^ and for li'^uidPa-
nacea in the frji Column on tiie left Hand; under
(he Word (Opiatei') and where the Column that
belongs xafirong Mm, and the Sp^ee that belongs
U3 t»

fi^4 The Myjieries

to li^ui^ Panacea do meet, there yooll finiJ,

at. 20 50 40 for ihi lea/t^miiiMty andhi^if

efi Daft:, give wliich you think fit, accordin
your hUKiion.

So if you are about to give the higheft Dofeof 1
tht ( feli'i Panacea ) lo 3 Jirong ffeman, you'^l find '
under the Words ( ftrong Womtn ) over againfV

( falid Tanacta ) gr. i gr. \\ gr. i(S( ) which

Ihews you, that gy-\^ is the higbefi Dofe for a
fircng Woman, and fa of all the reft.

4. Note, That I have been (b cautious in dofing
all the Opiates, that you may very fafely give tht
liigheft Dofes 10 all, but very weak Perions; to
whom it is hardly fit to give any Thing, by rea-
fon of extream fVeaknefs.

5. Nort, Thatif you give any ioyoung Perfim^
under the ^ge of 20. you fhould proportion the
Dofes not fo much (as idle Cufiom direflsj accor-

. fling to their Years, as Bulk and Strength.

tor In^aiict,A\\QVi'mgfiT<!tig Men to be 200 poimi
yiightf you muft give a fircng Toutb of 100 PbuuJ
Vdght, Half the Dofe of the firfng Man, and io
f of all other, only allowing fomewhat Icfs the young-
1 :pr they are, becaufe of the Scftnefs, Ftncnefs or
\-Lay;ity of their Texture-^ efpecialiy if they be very
I .young, to whom Oplaies muft be cautioufiy given ;
I ^f only Diacodmm (which is beft in that Cafe)
^ and that in a fraall Proportion alfoi for young
Children cannot bear Opiates, as well as grown
Ter/ons^ HO not in Proportion to their Bulk « j

CHAP.

w "7*^

-"ii-i.wi->> ^ -«■-<'. •. -I

■ --1

•^«

*■'.'.

» .'V . «

^.J"

-. ■ X Xi,

■- i

of opium Reveatd. j^j

CHAP. XXVIII.
7^ Cure of the iB Bfe&t of Opium.

HAving (hewn how to prepare Opium, fn as
to render it Uie anH innocent in a MoJi,
rate Doff, and how much that Moderate Dofe is,
one may be apt to chink that chis Chapter a nced-
klsi but when youconTider how many there are
that mjy be negligent, wilful, want Time, Skill,
&c. to prepare it, or take coo much, or too long
of it, and that the Ph^fician mult be able to An-
fwer and Refnedy all ill Accidents that may hap-
pen, you^il find it very requilice that 1 ftould
ihew how to cure the ill E^Ms of Opium, which
proceed either,

I. From its Rpfin at Stomach' Or,

3. From too much Rilaxaiion by an Excr-JJi-gtM
' 'I>ofe ; Or,

J. From a lot^ and Uvlfu Ufe of it j Of,

4. From a fudJen leaving it iff, after a lone
' and lavifh U(e thereof.

I. To Cure the 01 '.
\ .you itre.

fiSi of the Rofin at Stemaskfm

Firfi, To know whether that be tfae ^.|ufcj
f- which you may learn,

1. By confidering whether Crade Opium, <
fbrne reJitBMi Preparation thereof, was taken, elpt
cially by it fcif, in the F^w of a Pili or PiUj,
an ExtraU thereof out of Sftrii of W/w,
Pil. t Siyracf, or Londm Laudanum, Or the Hki^J

L not duly prepared, as has been direilei

_2._By the Syntptoms^ which drc thtTc, vk,. a

Naufea^ Tukingy Vomiting, Hiccough, J^mrtni^hns^
DifinJfiSy anfl UMmties:Sb(Mt&CiSf<^ach, parti-
cularly the Part calPd the Pit of the Stomachy
Swiffpftingi In tbt Head, PirtigdV, Fni^p^htflf^i and
Tremblings of the Hearty Jgitations^ JJneafinefSy i
Tfurbuknt Tdfe^ flpd Cafter ft Struggle cif iJ^hm
under thofe Symptomi^ Fainiings^, Leip^bjWriis^
Syncopes^ &c. which laft you muft not cake for
certain &igns and Symp^n^s^xisiLtSk tlt^ former
liave preceded them^ becaufe it is not impoffiblc
but they fiiay happih from the ^iwm/*^ of the
Ppium^ Condition, or ConftituticHi of the Per-
Ion, ^/:but this (whtti all Things are compared
together; will b? ^afily Judged of^ dpedally V
'youobferve; :.:

<k-.*t

. I. Pf^ether thofe Painting's or LeipftiftfH^ bc
not more like the Failures and Stupors of Drun-
kards, thm, bsiire Famtingf ;j if thtty b(%^ tbefirft
4brty^Ben^o they pro&eed front Anwet^r^hrxa:'
tion occafioned by the Opium, and tiot from its
iJ;^?^, the Cure of whigh belong^ to^^^fectmd
jfoniicular,^ :^ ■: i.

z. Whether they are more atrenddd With the

JSigns of Relaxation, as Deadnefs of the Eyes^ Fak*
ting^ tif the Tongue, DarAnefs before th^Ej^s, Di-^
fat at ion of the PupiOa, Effiofefcence of the Skm,
Laxity of the Limbs, Want cf F^eling^ Stupidity^
'f;U4fiieJi- Rdlure cf the Senfes,. pr ofmakiigWar
fer, lofs of Memory or Underfiandif^^,^ drj Aimti^

^Jlovf znAmde Pulfe, and other Things much
iike thi^State of a dtadjffli Druniennefs -^ for thesn thofe
:fmlur0i ;are the EffeB of Relaxation by the fJeafritt
Se^farkn.th^> the Opium ^atiiesi* . < - . .

Bpt after all, k is theySr^ of Opium that Was
fak^n, anii the fifft Sjn^oms of » Naufea^ yomiu

I

of opium Rei/eatd. i^y

iHg, &c. arc mOft to be depended upon, for it
may happen foraetiraes (as after a great Z)o/3)
that the Kofin may flicks &c. and the RelaxattM
fee eitceffive alio.

Steemdly^ When you arefafefied, that it is the
Refin at Siomath that caules the Mifchief, and
not bare RiUxaiion, you are not to promote or
■fiep the Vomitings^ left in the jf*^ Cis/e you tor-
ment and endanger the Terfon to no Partofe^ for
the Rtf^n does generally (if not always) (tick tot*
faft, and too little in Bulk to be (haken off by
Vomitings or the ContraQion of the Stomach, as
appears by the tidious (Vomitings that happen there-
upon, and the Nature of the Thing ; (b that (1
believe) it is feldom or never carried off that
^ay, and that when Veofle are at lafi: relieved, it~
is by a gradual W^y?f, Dijjnkumi^ or Digefiion oi
the Rofin, as in great meaiiire appears atlb by its
Purging fome Perfons after Vomiting, and a lon^
time after it is taken in a cmfiderdbk i^aMityi^
Ner are you to fiop the Vomiting, as not knowing
what Hatart nuy Advantage herfelf thereby, but
indeed it is moie than you can do,generally ipeak-
ing, /if not always) while the Rojin teazes, urges,
tad flings the Stomach.

It evidently follows", that the Curt inuft Confift
in the Diphtim of the Rafin. '

For this Purpofe you have Four Effaflual THf-
fiheri of the Rofin, (as you may obferve from
the Chapter of the Preptraiiom of Opium) that may
lit uftd with fifety in a Modtratt Doft j i . Lixi-
vial Salts, whereof the beft is Salt if Tartar.
2. Sulphureous Spirits, whereof the beft is h^b
remjUd Spirit rf" W7w. j. The Tolkt f Eggs,

whereof the beft is the ToJk of artarnav hid Egg.

2^8 The Myfieries

4. White Soa^, Or rather the S*pt> TartMrais. V^tA.
thefe judicioDdy ufcd, yoa may (by Gods Blef-
Gngj Relieve and Cure the Perfon grieved with
the ii ^1 (or noxious Pare) of Opium.

J. Give with all poffible fpeed One ferufU y
Salt of Tartar, in a Spoonful or two ot Rrandj,
or fome other hot Cordial Spirit, fif Spiiit of Wine
"be too hotj placing the Petfon in the vety lame
Pollure (hat he was in when he took the O^r,
that it may fall direflly upon its Ro/i;i, which moft
probably fiicks where the Opiate firfl fell upon
the Coat of the Stomach ; then flay for a Minute
or two, and give a Spoonful or two of the Bramfy
OF Cordial, with (if need be^ theSalt of Tamt
in it.

If you find Caufe, either becaufe the firft D^tt
were Vomited, or thit the Quantity of the R^
was grcatj or that the Perfon grows wotfe, you
may often repeat it, for we muft not be fparing
in fafe Things in dangerous Cafes, I think it may
well be repeated after every Vomiting totki ^m-

I have a great Opinion of the Tulk of a» Egg in
theft Cafes, not only becaufe it does (as the other
Things) mix with the R^Jin^ but becaufe being
of a good Confiltence, it fticb to it, and ianenf
upon't the better, and is not fo clearly ftakea
from it by every Vomit, as Liquids are ; there-
fore I think it very Ufeful to be given now ami
then immediately after Vomiiing ; however, let
no other Food be given but it, and be fure 10
ufc it when you have not the aforefaid Thcngi,
I believe it will be found by Experience ( which is
yet much wanted, becaule it has not been ukd)
^ ^.iH "ery beft Oelp in ^efc Cafts, I^r **

o/ opium Reveatd. 29^

flferefaid ReafoTts, and becaiife its fine C^tneG will, j
corr&S the Volatile Sale of Ofww. ] cannot im^ 1
gine but *fAif* Soap, or rather the Sapo tarranm^^
(if you have it by you) may be of very good n'"
to diflblve and carry off" the Reji^.

2. When the Vomltng begins to peafe, yco
muft dininguilh well whether it bebccaafetbe
I'erfbn is better, and the Siomsih dilcharged of
the R'^n, or becaufe tired Nature yields it felf to
Reft, by a fort ot Succttmhmcj to the Fa^m or
Ltipothjimy.

You may eifily diftinguifli thefe CUfes ; for m
the /'/ Cd/f every Thing (eems better, and in d»
/o/ worfe, faving that the Vomiting ccales, wtnch
was an endeavour of more -vigorem Naturtj and
therefore its tailing is now an ill Sign.

In this Cafe good Old W^w, and Sfhitmm
CorJiJs, which may rqwfe and invigorate N^tar,
and alfo engage with the Rofin by their StUfbarami
Spirit, mull be of excellent Uft.

Note, That if you want Salt of Tartar^ other
i,ixivial Salts may lerve, as thofe of IVermwoed^
Broom^ &c. only you mutt give ar leaft OncThird
more ; and in Cale of great Hafte and Urgency,
you may give the very Alhes of iVomovood, Broom^
or any Vegetable, in 2 or 3 times the Quantity
as the Salts are to be given, in 2 or ; Spoorfaus
<tf BranJ}^ or a GUfi of OU IVirn, or both mixed
together, for the very roughnelsof the ^)if/ will,
in fome meafure, contribute to wear off the i2fl/Sw,

H ^nd thereby alltfl the Lixivijl Salt ihac is in

H [hem..

I

I

} If

|bo The Myfieriet

5. If the Quantity of the RtfinoHi Oftum was
great, ic will be convenient, when you perceive
the Vomiilni begin to abate, to give as much of
J>aft^i Elixir^ or Ttnltura Sacra made in (bme
Spirituous Liquor, as does ufually give Six Stools ;
it is beft Purging with a Liquid, becaiiTe fpeedier
in Operatimy and that it (hould be Sfirnuous '"
fielp the Dijfolution of the Rafin.

X. Note, That you alio take Care not to be too
bofie with Spiricuoiii Liquers when they are much
relaxed, and have fuch Symptoms as Drunken
People have, efpecially if they appear in a high
Jtg;rte, for too much of them may promote the
Relaxation.

- 2. Wo», That in Faintinp or Leipolh/n^ej after
foch Vomilingi and StraggQ ol Nature^ you muft
not fo much excite them by grkvoui Senjation, as
ftnchifig, pricking, {^c. (for thofe Leipotfymej are
* (as *as faid) a fort of Recruit as Sleep k, and
therefore the laft Rtf^gs of Nature for that End)
but with Spiricuoat and Cemfortahk Things^ as

, knowing that there is an awaking by Recruit^
fvi^ich fe NaturaV as well as by grievoui Sen/a.

f iim^ winch is forced and unnatBraf (as has been

f me^ffn.)'

IT. To Care the EfeSls of too nmb Relaxatien by

an exceffive Dofe, &c.

' Firfiy You mnft be latisfied, that the iS Efn
thereof are from too much Relaxation.

I. By confidcring the Frepardtion of Opiam that
was taken, for if you find that it was fuch as had
the Rejin duly feparated from tt^ you may be
fare

lat^^

I

0/ opium KtmaVd. 301

fiire, that the ii BffeSi are only from Relaxation^ _
becaufe the Doft was too great \ or if it was 4 1
Preparation that had the R^tfrn To fubdued or aV V
tered, as you find idiret^ed to render it fafe, yon' I
may prefume the ill Ef(£it are from ovzx-Rmx^ 1
Hon J for fuch freparativni are oiherwife Cafe and ]
innocenCj except when the Urgt^fs of the Deft
(as that of good Wme) caufes too much ReUxi^ -
tion,

2, By the Symptoms, which arc thefe, vhu.
AlUmtion of the Mind^ Lofi of MemoTy^ Stupidity^
Sletpinefi^ Sopors, Failures of the Senfetj as Dart.
vtfs of the E.yes, feeing Things double, •various Co~
lours before the Eyes, tofs of feeling, Egfe from
Pain, &c. Deadntfs of the Eyes to the View, Di-
latation of the FupiSa, Effiorefcence of the Sh»,
Laxity of the Lower Jcnu, Intumefcence, and Laxity
of the LipSj Fakring of the Tongue^ Sardonick
iMigker^ Laxity and IVeaknefs of all Parity a gene-
rei Ineptitude to Motion, Failure in nudung Water,
going to Stool, and in all Things that require
Strength^ CentraSion, Motion, &c. Difficulty of
Breathing, a vide and flow Pulfe, a Conditkn in
general very like that of Drunktnnefs, which alfo
proceeds from Relaxation.

Secondly, When you are (atisfied that Relaxation
is the Cau&, u(e alt Means to procure a due
CmtraBion of all Parts j which is to be done,

1. Ey removing the Caule of the Relaxaiiom

2. By ufing all good Means Sbv ContraBim*

Firfi, therefore, give a brisk, quick, and ftrong
l^omisy both to dilcharge the Opiate^ and cauK
ConiraUion of Parts by iL grievous Senfatien.

Pn.

56i the Myfteries

frofortim it to the Deadnefs^ Stuftdity^ or Slet^i'
neft of the Perfon, (b as to give it of twice the
mdtnary Strength of Vomiti in Cafe there is great
Danger from ihofe Symptoms^ and that they are "*
a Irigh H^ttrc.

After the Verfon has Vomited ; or 4 Ttmei^
ib oftm as that you may judge the Stomach well
cleared of thcO^w/e, gi7e Hjif an Ounce oiCrraM
o*' T^nar finely poudered in thin Broth, Whtj^
Water, Sntai Beer, or any convenient Liquid,
which will correft the Opiate if any remains at
Stomach, turn the Vumlt to a Parger to clear the
Jmefiint! alfb, and contribute much to the Cws-
tr^itn of Vitr'.s, which you niuft always have ia
your Ibeagbti, as tiie ruling Intmmn in this Caf
Therefore,

Stamdlj, You muft ufe ContreSers all the TtW™
the cMef of which are Cold, grievous Senfatkn,
(or Vail) Tcrrour, Fear, Voluntary Mutton^ antl

Aeidf, which laft cannot be (b well uied durii
the ^omitittg, left they ftop it.

Therefore (efjaecially if the Perfon be vet,
Stupid_J keep him very Cold^ for he will hardly
feel it, iKir take Cold^ becaufe the ReUxMion,
and the Infenfiblenefi of Grievance by Cold^ &c.
keeps the Pores open ; let him be fif pofiibicj ia
fome Motion, as H^Jking, Hewing^ Sawing, Knock'
ingy Tagging, (p-ct the more 'violent xz is the bet-
ter, becauie it caufes more CantraUion and ^gitit.
tion to prevent Sopors ; To force him to Monon,
(ii need bej Pricking, Pinching, or {flipping him.
about the Legs, &c. will be of good Ufe^ becaufe
pitviiai Senjation adds defenfivt Cantraiiion ("which
IS the grcatcft Ibrt^ to that of the imentive Con.
trailiott by valuTitary Ahtsen,

Thcfe

i

rell

*9.
lid,

:he

on-

va

•tian,

ant}

lurio^^

1

I

I

I

0/ opium ReveaPd. 303

Thefe Means failing, he ihould be expoled
flaik naked to the coldelt Air, and in delperaie
Cafes thrown fuddenly ac unawares intoww W<-
ur \ by which Means you caule Terrour, Surprife^
and CoW, ('which are the higheftand moft forcible
Contra^er!) to conlpire to the Contraifion of Parts ;
Hence it is thai Drunken People, who are lb front
Rdaxation, become Sober> a in a moment, byfl
that Meant,

All the time, but during the Vomiting, let him
Ufe cold Adds in great Plenty, and very mant>
feOIy acid) for they will not only contribute to
Contrai^itm, but very much correA the Opiate-
To this End Juice of Orangei or Lemmons^ Vtr.
juice^ or IVaier acidulated to a good tiigree by
yerjuice^ Vinegar, Juice of Ltmntons, Spirit af>
Vitriol, Sulphur, or the like, will be very proper.

Where you have not the Convenience to
plunge them into cold Water, (as is dire^'ed^
da/hing or pumping very cold Water, or Water
with a Fourth Part of Vinegar upon their naked
Bo^es, will be of great Uie, efpecially if fur-
prilingly donSi to caufe the more Terrem and
Conctrn.

Thefe Things may be done More or Up^ as
Caufe may require, which mult be left to the Dif~
cretign of the prelent Phyfman, or Friends and
Standcrs by (in Cafe there be no Ph^Jici-
tm:) \ only Caution, that CovtraSers fhould not
be uled too fparingly, and that you fhouid never
ccafe to advance in the Ufe of them till you per-
ceive their good EffeU^ and then to continue them
as occdlion reciuires.

Nott,

''Noit, That the Cafe may well happen, that
the RoM may ftick at Stomach, and yet no Signs
or Symptoms appear but thofe of RtlaxatUitj by
" Reafon that the Feeling at Stomach may therdif
be difabled^o take any notice of it.

To be fure of this, you have no other Meant,
becaufe the Symptoms and Effects oi grievom Stn-
/<« WW- cannot appear, where it is not (Tor the
aforefaid Reajon) but to examine whether the
Opiate was a rejittotis eve, as cruJe Opium, ExtraS
out of Spirit of Wim, or the like, for then yon
may conclude, efpecially if they were given in a
majfyfolid Form, as that of Villi, &c. without fc-
vering the Particles of the Rofin by other Things,
as the Tolk of an Kgg, &c. that the R^fin may m
all Probability Oickat Stomach, tho' itsSymptooif
do not appear for t^e aforefaid Reafon.

In fiich a Cafe the beft Advice that I ean gire
if, externally to ufe all ConcraAing Means, as H
diretfled, and internally the Means prelcribed
for DtJJhltttion of the Ri'(i*>, for you'll mere^ an-
fwer both Intentions.

Failure of making If^ater often happens in thefc
Cafes, which you may generally help by only
clapping the Scrotum to the cold Chamber i'jf,
or into cold Water, and if that will not do, pu:
fcme Vinegar into the iVater, and that failing, hs
muft be ffript, and cold Water pumpt or dafted
upon the Re^oa of the BlaiUer.

III. To Cure the Hi EfBi of a ksg and lavifi
XJfe of Opium. Thefe EfeSs (as you may ea%
obferve, if you take a View of them where they
are enumerated in C^/-; 6.) are either.

o/ OpiUni Revealed. 30$

t. From an o-ver-murlt and hiiHtud Rchxatio
I Pirt-r/, as WtAknefs^ « A-leaffli Difycjtikn^ Dim
rien of ^pptlite, IViakiefs of Digcjfion, Drepfiei^
JViakrJtfs of Memory, &c. Or,

2. From Acrtmonf, as frt^uent Initatichs to male
WaXtTj VrUpifnti^ Eredfions of the Bmu^ fitiitlefi
Inclinations to Ventry, d^c.

In this Qaft fas in that of old D'H"ibr</y, whicti J
IS much the ftme) there is no good to he don^
till the habttail Caffi iS removed, fi^ the Takifig
of Oeiuttt, which fuddenly to leave off ij ,'as wai
ihtwn) very dangerous. Therefore, in order o'
leave k off fafely ;

1. You mutt (lop your Hahds, and not irx.;!
Greale the Dofi that is taken, by which Means Ito
will come gradually to hai'e liftleor no l-ffO

2. When ynu find that it is come en tl^j.
your Work is halt done ; then only ItlTen it i
Pait every D^iy till you come to take none a
ail.

5. If during thiis tt!rngr.tu't Courfe yoli find ali]
F.nntmitjs^ diitik ji Gi»Ji of good Stonuch-WiiM
totiei (juoriei, as Oniisn, or €mt,)'y Hlnc^'w chi
like, made by Infufion in CUm ; oi, if yoy want I
fuch, a QUf, of thi; CUrci' \t fdl % wl.icli rhing|-|
Will excite the S/iiW'), and help.D/^f/?i6». 1

4. When you have qnitc ended ili£ Taking of I
Opium, continue to Ufe fuch IVines when you ar4 [
feint, aod every Morning cake in a GUfi of Gen^ ]
ifan li'ine Tvvo Diams of the Chalybeate iVine da* (
(cribed in the Londun Difpenfariiry^ increafing 2- L
bout a Scruple every Day till you come to Ha^ I
an Ouuee, which take for Two Monttis atleatr, 1
ifterward decrealing, as you encre.ilt:d, till yoU
come to One Drachm, and lb give Qver.

X But

§6tf theMyfleries ^

Bat if you find^O^<»/2w, yon may cpnrinue that
Courfe longer, 1^' as long as ypur Thjfciam thinks

fir.

After all, you may ufe a Gi^/} of CAfrf^ when
f^int^ hwf be iure to be moderate^ and noe run
from one Excefs to another.

As for the Acrimony of Blmi^ that fe ' mdre
during the TakingiX Opium^ and will foon after
gradually wear cm, efpecially by the Couric dt^
reftedj if not, Caintbitt \i tkit atkquatfReHHJy^
df which witlie^ual Parts of White Rufm^ and
5« / of Mucilage of Gum. Ttagdcy yoii may xDakd.
P/& of J Gr^/tfi weight, taking 4 of them every
Night at SeJ'timi m a rear 7^/£ of an E^ /its
long as it is ncccflary ;* for Camfhirt^ bvrits fine.
Sulfbur^ correfts the 'volatile Actimory of Cantha^
ridesfipium^&c. and fo allays TitiUatim to Venerj/ite.
as is obferv'd. ^

IV. Titf ifi Ejfic?/ e>/^ 4 fuddeh leaving cjf of
Opium, as Anxieties^ Difirejjfest; Defreffions cf' ^pirits^
which fas was laid) arc very dangerous, are re-
itiedied no other oifoy^ but either,

1. By returning to the Ufe of Opium ^ which is a
moft certain Cure^ and afterward (if you plea&)
give over the Ufe of it after the manner that I du
reded, which you'll find to be (afe ; nor oio J
ad vi(e you to truft any other Method of leaving
ft offi unlefe it be^

2. By fubfiituting Wine infiead of Opium ^ whkb
is not quite lb fife or certain ; ypur beft Method
of ufing it, is to drink a good Glafs of it fo often
as to keep the Comfort thereof at Stomach conri-
nually, that fo it may anfwer the more permoHem
Effcit of Ofiurn^ add keep you from a faint C(Ml

il- . iitim\

of Opium ReveaP J. 367 '

diim • but feeing alfo that this Courle is not con-
venient to be continued long, you muft gradually
leffen the Dofe of this» as you are direded to do
that of Opium, till you come to take none, or (at
leafl) a moderate and wliolcfora Quantity.

Note^ That if fuch as ufed to take Opium arc
even almort expiring for v/ant of it, you mullj
to prevent imminent Death, give a Lic/ui^ Prepa~
ratinn thereof to the 'value of what the Perfbn waS
ttfed to take, in a Cardial Vehicle^ as Spirit oi,
Wingj Brandy, or the like, becaufe fuch hoc Spi--
ritmus Vehicles Ao (as has been IhewnJ immediate
ly give (bme Comfort by a(fiuating and warmirjg
vur Spirits, till the Opium comes to Qiwrate, which
will not be long, becaufe it is in a Liquid Futm j
if yoa find the Perfon fink noiwithftanding, he
maybe kept up by repeating the BrdW^ or Cor-
dial without any Opium in it-, till the 0/)(Mf(fop(
rateSj which will certainly (by Go^'j Help^ 1(
him right, in cafe it does but begin to opgrai
before hs is dead. See The ?hilof, Tranfi^.f
Juiu^ July^ Aug«fi, 1696.

-Nlire, That it is a very falfe tmngination that
Autbort have of the T«rij Capacity (by Nature j
Climati, or the like) to take more Opium, or ia
greater Quantity than we may, but that they
make more Ufe of it, and by that means come
to take 2 or 5 Drams a day J for they begirt
with fuch finall Quantities as we commonly give,
till by a long Cuftom of taking it they come to
take the [aid Qitantities, which is but fmall in
Comparifon of what ieveral E^^iijh People that
have been ufed to it do, or have taken, as 1 could
Name ieveral to you, if I had not Reafom to the
rmtrarf ; however,! am at Liberty to tell you th*
Quantities, tho* 1 mult forbear naming the Per.
X z foni\

5©$ The Myftetiei

Jiftts; l&me have daily taken z, i^ 4^3 f^ 6 Bhwo^
ffiay^ I have heafdl of ibme chat haw taken afi
Ounce a Day, and of One that tobkTn^ Oimcesy
whereas the Learned and CuFJdis Hr. Edward
Smithy couldi find none about Smjrtyi who toaft
above 3 Drams a Day.

AH thb h mod ^reeibfe tft lUafim^ and the
ti^hole Curfcftt 6f my Difmirft, wsot Tha(t ft
ean be beet er born in ccld than ^ ffrntkr, and
tonfequently in «>W tban^^t CRm^ti^ hj fom
]he(hedf f^eriohs^ than &ch as have ji/^ zaAfitccLl
^fry as the Sctaiim People have in Coaaipartfbn
of the JP<r0rfi6»r^^ and ibch alinhafcdt otM Cmutrnr^
Thtrtfbrt yod tbay teibrethatficb as Enquire
into the Caufb^ why the Turks xf^ other £ii/fni
fi^fk can take greater Quantities tGtaa we oao,
i&ek for the Rea^iis of Things before they know
the Fail^ my, when the Fn^ n ^he tsminny to
what they buMd upon; We may as well ei^cA
^^^^g PVc^tf^fes &om them that Enqtiire why
l^ite-is Gola^ Wafter dry > antf the fikcy as from
(uch as fuppofe Things oontrary to* true and &n*

fible Experience.

a«>aHi*i>^i

CHAP,

of Opkm RettearJ. $o^

I 9 * <l . i i w

C H A P. XXIX.

Same gemral Rules ^ Cautions^ &c cancer mftg

the VJeofO^ixxm.

THo' there is hardly any IRsfhy C/iutioft^ or
Thing worthy oi pbfervution^ concerning the
Ufe ct Oplhm^ but wtiat is implied, or eafily in-
ferable from what has been faid; nor, (now that
the true Nature of Opium is dilcoVcrcd ) can
there be fuch Fears and 3F<ftf/o///t^x (which multi-
ply Cautions) concerning the Adminijtration thQtt*
of J (for every one may now cafily fee whereid
its Danger and Benrfit lies ) yei hecaule a Chapter of
Rifles and Cautions may be ej^pefted, a$ being ufil-
^]y and to have a fiftgle t^iew of fuch as lie more
fcatter'd^ and not lo readily found in the iRody of
the Booky I will, to introduce the Ufe of OpitfTH
with more Cleamefs arid psrfecft Security, give
you a CoUetlion of general Rules and Cautions cort,
ccf ning irs Ufe j whereof fomc are menponed^
and iiioft inferable from the Prcmifes.

I. As to its Subfian^.

1. It fliouW be always given, freed from its Ror
finous Parts, if you can get (uch a Preparation.

2. It is alfoneac and convtntenr, that it ihou!d
be freed fro.n all its Earth and Dr fs,

5. Never ^ive Opium^ but either lb prepared, or
with its Rfn (b iiibdued, legregared, or altered,
as 1 have Ihown in the Jafe Preparations thereof! It
follows that, . '

4. Crude Opium, and ExtraBs made in fulpbartf
QHs Spirits^ ar§ utterly to be rei^dtsd. ■

X i J. N'jver

jio The Myfterks^

5. Never give ic mix'd, or joinM with nfi^Mf^
Things, ("as has been intimated.)

6. Never mix, or join it with other Opiates y
I . Becaufe none of them are (b good* 2. Be«
caufe they are not fo well known. 3. Becaufe ic
makes the Dsfe more uncertaia 4. Becaaie thpfe
other Opiates are ufe^ unprepared.,

7. Pil. eStyrace^ becaufemadeof r^/SFvoiKr Opisni^
joined with refinous Things^ as Styrax cdam. and
Qhbanum^ is an infuj^erabU treparation^ ( tho* COm«

tnended ) an^ therefore has frequent ill EffeSfs^tQ

piy Knowleage. . • ; -

8. ?il. e Cymghjpi is luch another -» having twp
0:lites \n it befides Opium^ extraftedl out bt Spirit
of Wine, C which is far worfe than crude Ojdum^
thp* by the way of Eminence caUM Opium prepared;^
in our Difpenfatory ) Styrax calami an4 OlUfonum,
Vrhich are rejinous.

9. Laudan, Lond. is al(b an ill Preparation^ as
having the Opium extrafted out of Stirit ef Wm
to make it worfe than when Qrude ; tnerefore has
Ibmetimes iil Ep£is^ elpecially when nfed alone
in the Form o| a PiU^ in a large Dofe^ (as yvas
(aid.)

I o. Tbiknium magifirale is alfo to be r^e<^e4>
becaule the Opium is prepared in Spirit ^ Wme^
and Btn]amin added, which is refinous.

11. Vhilon, Rom. & Per fie. are tolerable, bccaufe
the Opium is difgregated, and mixM ( as Gsltn
would have it) among much, an4 feveral other
Things^ which keeps its refinous Parts from
Coalefcence*

II. As to its Form.

I. j4 Pilular Form of crude Opium^ or any rrfir
nous Preparation thereof, wherem the Rofin is nqt
^uly fubdued, fegregated, altered or corre<aed ^
^ ( as has bceu mown ) the moft pernicious.

r

of Opium Keveatd. 3 1 \

X. Tbe Form of an Eltituarji is comniendgbl^j
'cii in imiW ^iititi.y^ mix'd therein witii many or
much other Things, thit prevent the CoaUfcmcc of
the T'Jin.ttsPartkUt.

5 A liquid Eirm is generally good, becaufe thq
Pai ts, as in a Tidflureof Opium in Sfirit of Wlm^
arefeve'ed, and ftffj egitcd ^ yet it is not fu very
ftte, where the Rjifit is not iip^rared ; bcc^ufe if
Care be nut taken (* as has been direfted) th^
reftmm F.uilcUi mjy he precipitated at Stomacb^
and (n ccaUfce and IHck ro ir.

4. The Op;;iation of Opium is quiclter in a /(-
9«w i^l^w, but more lalling in Afclsil F(,rm, elpCr
daily iftheO^ww benyiooH/; which, tho'noxiomj
in general, yec has the Ail'vamagc of Duraiieit^
^here it may be born, as in Perlbns of a rolii,
Tt.\n,re and good Digcfiioit, or where Cuftom ha?
taken off it's 'Gricvounfefs, as you find in habitual
lohaco-takingj SiC-

5. The liquid Panacea ofOoium, is better for
Micration'^ becauleit is the firit Fruitsof the Opj-
«w, and more fincere and unaltered by /Jrcihan
the (olid. But,

6. The fuiid Pamela is better, where a ftay af^
Stomach and the Intetiines is convenient, as ia*
iio^'^mgoi Vomiting, Laofenfjjis^ &;c. To be brief,

7. Liquid Forms ihould be always given in foLiI
'Stcmichs, where the Digejtioji is weakf in Fea'vers^
and when 3 nirnble Operation is requifite.

I HI. As to its Dcfi.

1. Tbe mean or middle Dafe is genei'atly to fc_
ufcd} and where there is no Dini!i:n to the corw J
trary.

2. The mean Dofe rTiAy iervCj (.\c(pr m 'vhknt
T^in^ or where much of the Optiu u loji • (35 k
happens very of

X4

q^cl^

91 1 3 The Mjifieries'

excite yenerf ; becaule thofe Parts are reaybtc^ and
require a very fenfikU TitVUtiom. But a^ to thefe
tnarcers^ youMI have farticdar DireShw in the r»«
^eSlve Ca/es in the following CbafftifSy Aiaf treat
thereof in a |^<r/W msmur.

}. The Z%e muft be proportionably le& intha

^«^ and lax-textured Children^ J^otmem^ wmnm an4
mpifi IVeatbery weak $comacbs^ Perfans much J^tdi*
tattdy or ^x^enr/irei witb Wjrk^ Labour, Di/eafi^&ic.

IV. As to its Vighicle.

1. It (hould generally 3 ( uolefs th^re be piarticu:
lar Cau(e to thp contrary j be pleai^nc and agree*'
able to the Tajte and Stoma^b^ that ii may rather
confpire with the Opiate to pleafe the Membrsffes^^Q,
than contradiA the Senjkive Pleafurc ^ that k
cauies. ;

2. Itfhoqld not bean AcUy becaufe it itifiriti*
ges the 'uolatiU Nature of Opium, except feme paiy
ticular Caie requires it ; which will ^ fien hdre*
after.

3 . It (hoKild not be a Volatilo.faline^ eipedally ta
caule Sleeps or becauie that may render it too a-
crimonious or pungent, and lb hinder Slcef^ Conu

fofure, &C. '

4. It fhould not be lixivial^bficaufc its fixed
Nature oppofes the 'volatile j except it be, whersJ
tliQ Opiate is rejinous^ tohdp it's Dijfi^lution. There-
fore,

5. ti^ne^ ox fermented Liquors, Cordials , Pf^aters^
or imQOch and plealanc Liquids, as Emulfiom^ Milk^
znd fVaterj Water and bugar^ d"i:. will be the
moft proper ( generally (peaking. )

'6. The refinous Opiate ftiould* be always givi^ iq
fulpbur(ous Spirits, Wine, or firong Liquors^ or in oi

Uxi'vial Vehicle^ or rather in both mixed j or ini
^ rear Yolk of an Egg^ or finely poudcred and well
fnixed \yith Elt(iitartes, Bolus% ConUrves. thick Sf^

\

of Opium RevtafJ, 3 1 3

rupiy Tulfi^ or any Tdng (hat is innocent, and of
a good CoiiliU^nce, to keep tlie njlwut Pariicfet a-
funder, andtoprevait th£iT Coaltjcewe } forwhicb
£nd, I judge, thaignod white S'i'p mud be (be-
caijfe vl'tlie Alhli^ i(s SlipfTWcfi^ andApiitu^ao
join with (he J^-j/ja) a good Vehide, theO^ww and
icrapingi of (lie i'd-jp being mixed with a little R*/c-
SVater^ ( and what elfe you tliink fit, to render
rliem more acceptable J by pounding them in a
JiLnar I'ora good while, to an intiaiate mixture.
V. As to Tmt.
. Give the Li^itd Fur mi \-i3\( unVionr it haft^
pr an Huw, before the Time you would hiave them
opctate.

2. Give the filid Farms an Hour, or an Hotrr
and a half-, before yon would have them operate.
It is veiy filly, not to give them till the very
Tijwtihat ihey Ihould operate, as 'tis ufual at Betl.
time, when they (hoL'd" be then operatine, and
cauiing SUtpitefjj that tlie Rcji and Eafe oFlying
down may concur wiih ic; whereas if People arc
unapt 10 fiecp, ( as gtinerally they arc who take
Opium) they, not [akii>g it till Bed-time, lie toC^ng
and tumbling, growuneafie, and relllefs, and the
Bed hard, and f in a great part of the Year ) too
Hot, hetbre the Opiu/tt operates, Jo that thtOpitim
patinot take Bffed, by Reajhti of Dif^ukiuJejj fa
the PerfoKi lie all or moft Part of the Nighi with-
out any Sleep ; whereas if it befo given as tocaufit
a great Slerpmrfs by the Time they go to Bed, their
lying tlill a very little Time f whicli they are then
apt to ) and the Bed being Ibft, eafie, cool, and
plcaOmt, they immediately Ileep, and thcirSpirits
being compofcd, continue their S/wp all, or moft
j^ Sart of the Nigbc, Theifcfore I havooftcncoma
^L jtiierc Peoplehadnot llcpt, tho'ihey tookanO^
^1 eie at Bed-lime, and given them the very fame a
^L Cfifiycnient Tiine beibre , and they have (Weet-

L

I
I

sU

The Myfieries

!y tlipt, to their Heart's Dejin and RtfrtPimm
4. Give Opiates, as to Meals, at leaft j Horn
before and afterchem, or about the middle Tim
between them, if it be in t^t Day-time, or whe^
(he Stomach is near empty, or but little or light
matter in it ; which if gentle and agreeable, will
he'p Men to Jletpi But great RtfUtisn and perfeft
Kmptimfs Or Hunger ( which is iirievous Senfaiieu)
do difturb or hinder Sleep.

f. Opiates may, and have proved inconvetn-
ent before or after Letting of Bloody and Hemorrha-
ges^ elpecially if the E-vacumon wa^ Urge, and (iid-
denj theRM/onis, becaufe the Perfons being veiy
difpirited, and fo much inclined to Skep of iJiem-
felves, may deep toomuchanddangeroufly j and
becauie Opium relaxing hinders the l^ejfeli duly to
contraft upon the remaining Bked, which may
ciaXazDlfcowimance of its Streams, by Reafin that
the diminifhed Blood may not fufficeto fill up the
relaxed l^ejfeli; the' this may feldotn happen, be-
caufe the Cemprejfure of the Mr is appointed by
moft wife ProTJidince to cloie all our f^ej/ilt in
fich Cafes; bw it muft be better done, when the
Parts themlelves do alfo duly contrad, which Opi.
urn hinders.

6. You have much the fame Reafin not to ghre
them foon after other large Evacuations, where a
due ContraBson of the Parts is requifne ; as after
Tapping, for Paractnttfu) in Dropfies; Child*
iirii, &c

7. Opiates are beft given in the Morning, to
caufe Eiiphory or brtik EffeSs, becaufe the Rm.

fi-ejiment gain'd by the Night's Sleep does not on-
ly concur towards huphory and Brukntjs^ but alfe
C:uch oppofe Sleepinefs and Dronftnefs^ which aro _
nbt conlillent vj'ahbriik hfcc^s.

VI,.

c/Qpium Reveatd. 315

VI. kito Ptrftrn

t Opla

pPa-

I

f.

L

not convenient i
ions very young or very eU.

2. They agree better witli Men than li^m» f)f '
ChiUrtn ; With Men of a robuft and hard, ratfacT' I
(han of a weak, fine, tender, and ftifi T^xtmre} 4
with fuch as have a P'-ong DigfjUm, than a weal^j ]
and iti general With the firoigj rather thaa di^ J
3f)eak. Therefore, J

3. Never give them to Perfiin diat are verf ■
weak, efpeciallyif they take, or digdt no frfie-
nanccj or excreamly liccle, for Rea£>Rs alrea^ ^
yen ; nor to fuch as are near their £«w/, or abn^
expiring ; & Exceft it be for want ofOpmn^ or bj
Exlrcmiry of CumraSilon by Temmr, Paiuj CoU^
Qonvulfinis, 5ic. for then it will do IVonJtrs ia
preierving Peciple, that are otherwifc pad all
Hopes, by relaxing, taking aw^ Pain^ Coiar^i-
cm, &C.

4. Itisnotfo agreeable to thsvcry fat or im^,
^ecaiilb they may be over-i elaxed j nor to die ve-
ry iean, and drj, See C efpecially to caufc fieef)
becaufe it is apt to irritate and a^uate thetr Sfntits
too much, by which means SUtp is mudi hiq-
clerU

VII. As to, MaUdki, and DifeMfes^Sic

I. Opi'itei are fiot convenient in RtlaxattMs^ af
fuch ; asgenerjl Pal/iei, H^mphlcgia*/, Valfes oflhc
Eyes, Deadnefi of them, DUitatkn of die P«p»/, Rt'
Uxaiion of the Tympan of the Ear^ of onz jUe of
theF^ce, which makes the other ^^e contra^;and
and fo draw the f''« awry ^ for 'tis not a Spafnf
Of Con-vulfion ( as Men imagine ) of the contraft-
ipg ftdc, ^ut a Refoltftion ofthe other, which per.
;■.■■■■■■■■■■• ' mUs

^1^ theMyfteries

mits the Antagonlfi Mufclts of that fide to contrail
without Oppofition, and draw the Face toward the
ftrong ov lO\xaA Side : Relaxation of the Uvula^ or
the annex'd Valva^ ( which laft is known by
Snuffling without any other evident Cauie, or
by obfervihg that it does not fhut in Ibunding iv,
(in hi$$y cuty) &c. by it felF; ReUxatUn of the
Larjnxi^ and Windpipe^ f which is known by a
hoarfe kind of ff^i^ without a ColJ^ or any evi-
dent Caufe-^ OfthcPW/«x, ovGuUet^ (which is
known by a Depravation of iWallowing without
Pmn^ or Tumor ^ or any evident ^aufe^ ; A Para^
IjtiealJ^bma^ or difficulty of Breaching, wherein
Men heave the Shoulders without' any apparent
Caufe^ Relaxation of the Stomachy as when Meat
ftays tdo long at Stomachy Sec A Palfie of the In-
teftmes^ or Guts^ as when one is bound, and can-
not refer it to any other Caufe; Of the Bladder
( when one cannot make IVatet without any other
Caufe to refer it to; ) Relaxations of the SphmHen
of the Bladder y and Antts^ ("that is^ when Urine^
or Ordure fall from one invokntarilj j^ nor are they
convenient in Baths ^ unlcfi great Relaxation^ as for
Paflage of the Stone, &c. is intended.

Nor in Ruptures as Bronchotfele^ (of the PFmdpipe j )
Exomphalos ( of the Ndvel ) Bubonocele ( of the
Groin ^) or the Fall of Humours^ Guts, Fat, ice in-
to the Scrotum, or of the Fundament, Womb^ or
the yagma, &c. exctp it be to reduce them.

Nor in iMnations^ Sprains^ Laxity and ffeaknefs
of Joints^ Limhs, Back, &C» Extenpons of Nerves^
Temfons^ Ligaments^ &c. Nor where Relaxation
does cr may improve the Dijtemper, or dor barm, as in
^popleStieal and p>Porofe Cafesy as Coma, CaroSy Le-
thargy, 8cc. fVeakneJi of Memory^ Stupidity, Al^-
rcfisy Nightmare, Drunkenne^, &C. Syncopes^ and
Faimings from Relaxation, as the original Caufe ;
^ fcovil EsceJ! <f Joy^ fhajuft : Large Evaeuatiom

' '" ' ^ ' •'■"'.' .whqn

o/ opium RsveaCd. 3 1 7

when rhe Pjrts unnot well, and duly comraft
upon what remaijis, a* niter ChilJ-Uinii- profule .
Httvorrbagti, Tappwg:, ( or Perucenti^i^ J or any
iarge Evackarion ol HumBun in Vrvpfies ofdie £tiflj',
Brtujiy or Htaii-y not (m has been himed) in iJro^
f&/, the' without any luch EvacuatJea^ ankfs ic be
Upon Tome fpecial ConftHerHcion of rhe learned J
nor in TrembUn^t, or Sht/kifgi of ihe ife-a/, or
llands^ &C. from iVnnhi'ji, as in t/"^ ^^t -■ Nor ia
Fluxei from Relitxeriof^ as too much Sitvat^ Genen.
rhms Simplex, Dinbtta., neitHrn.-.l I'.iHutie^s^ Cbjimt '
FiMx, Licmery^ involHHtary Flux ol Urim. mOr^urt^
and fomc ions of immodtrtiti Fluxn of the Mt'tfts^
•ot Lochia, which owe their Caaft to R^luiuni'.iK,
or yiptitaJe to ^hrt ion- fitm> tbM Cau(e, and in-
deed generally mfVontf/i with Ci//J, fell itihouid
caufe ^borthn by reUxiiig the MtA ot the iVimk.
Or where Contrai/ian U beneficial, as to empty a
/ or TijiUtt Stomncby CboUi\ &c by yamttng or
ES^w/, or an ill Humour any way. Therefore

II. Opiates are not conveTtitnl when grteveui Sitjfiri~
tamreupful, as to eicite £.vwi/b?-d/iw» when Mattar
threatens Sirfficerim, in Fovtictu^ PUuriJuj^ Ptri*
pmumotiias, Cofiftf/iptiow, Spiismg of Bkvd, 8cCi ■
When Hunger calls for Fooil^ and Rt^autatives •
that o(J(i'P"g at Stomach excites yomiring ; that
of Urine Ibltciccs us to a due Kxcretim th&ecX'^ '
that of ill Matter at Cm/ J caufes an F.vacitaiion there-
of; (b that when a Crifis is to be by the Heip of
grievous Senfation^ or Irritation^ Opiates arc not con-
venient^ for ic takes off the Senle of Irritation ;
but when a Crijis is to be by Relaxation, as by ope-
ning the Porei to caufe Sufeat, Ptr^iration, Sec.
then is it of excellent Uf- : So, that great ^epon^
fthat has very much puzzled the learned j wbe.
tber OpiuK ts ennvtnient hefore a CriJiK^c f is plain-
ly, and fKtclianicaSy anfwer*d.

III. Opiattt

5*8 The Mf fifties

in. OpUttt »f noi cnrrvrment where TitiSatic*!
by die Acrimoitf of v^atili Salss is the Cuife of tht
W/w/J, at in trouh'elom Ertitieni, Prjapifmi, Wu.
damA PaSntkms, t^imreal Furies^ ttiO much SaUei.
tj, tnS Tit'dUtitn, Ucbi»ii of the Uterus^ Scretantf
hmf, 5i» in $cnctai,&c.

IV. I fcarce hcW tcH any, that 0^wf» are iiit
Goarcnteiit when the Mctmium of Children ftould
be cTacoated; or when one is ku^d in Bidj^ or
apt to be fb ; but there may ibe a Time, wiien the
le^ntd Pbjjuijn may think fir, to give ihcm even
TO the Cijfht in "'■gi'w Cfl/>/, for he can order
fomewhat along with them, or (oon after, to open
the Bod/ ; who may alfo fee Caule fomctinie* to
vary from dicfe general RuUj^ when Utttjjity and
good Regfim dircA him (b to do, tho* they arene*
verthe'c& fmaol in their Nature^ and not to be
lran%refled without ^«W C^«/>, and >»«»■(

V. Opijtti art notfo cortvenient where there k mm...
flimy, moift, and phlegmatick Humours, by Rea-
(on thac the Parts are ftbjed in fach Cafa to
be too much relaxed.

I hare been the fuller f efpecially upon the
UetU of Difttfa ) that I may hej-eafter have no-
thing to do, bat to (hew the beneficial Ufe of O/ii-
met duly frtfored, more particularly of the PrfiM-
eea'tofOpium, ofwhichUm going to fpeak.

-I

ef Opium ReveoTd. 31JI

I

CHAP. XXX.

Th Method cotitrivd tp Jlxve the "Uje of wetl'
prepared Opiatet (more ejpeciallf: the PanacdtL i
cf Opium.)

HAving fliewn the I^atiirt ahd PrindpUj aS \
OpiuTu, which produces the good j whichJ
the bad Effetas; how and wi/ they do fo ^ iow to'
feparate, fcbdue, and correft ihz bad Prmcipitst
the due />Vi ^^ S'^O*' Preparatiim ■ heiv to euri
all che ill Efeils of opium, and general Rules and
Cauiiom concerning it, and in what Cafes it may
not be convenient ; 1 have now nothing to do but

to Ihcw the btmfitlal Ufs of the Panacea^ (or WcH
prepaid Opia^ts.)

To make it more agreeable to rational Rlinds,
and fix its 1//"(J better in MemoYy, I will fo proceed
by Us EgeSs, (hat the very Title cf every Cbafttr
piay imply the Reafon of its Vfe, which is cithw
internal Or fxiertial, and both of them cither,

I. As it is A Pleufer of Sinfatiimy ('or an Opiatt
fnecially lo call'dj by which means it produces
flll the good E^e£ii that are notorioufly obfcrvcd,
which are mcncion'd in Cb^p. 4, y, 6. Or,

II. As it is an Alterative cfthe Bloud, &c. which
is all Improvement, becaufe almoft wholly diH
regarded, and never brought into any MttbedtQ
thisi/d/, tho'ic isiherarncbler Vfe^ byhowmuch
Curing excels bare Pleajmg. or Palliating, tho' theft
feft Ufes have already rendred ic the mo^ general
Mi'licament that iS in being, infomuch that SjU
vius laid, having only rcfpe<ft to this Ufe, That
he had rather not be a Vbjfician, than not know
X\i%Vfeol Opium. HI, As

I

7.

4

^16 The fttjijierhi'

_III. As an Evaluative by relaxing and opening
the VoTO.

Its £jf fli ar.*J Ufn, as a P/w/ir cfSenfaiion,
Liriy reducible to thefe gemral Heads ^ viz..

ht^'ainf^ of the^w^rtvs 5ntf/ and Spsrm.

Z. Its comfx'Jing ihcfifjiiive Soitl^ S^li'lft, fS-c.

%, Ui relaxing aWthe jenfile Parts o( the Body.
'■ ^i^-JtS calling Skep.

"'j|; \zi cau^g tndolttict, Or taking^^ away P^/«.
■rf. itsfinfpitg f7vA«,tliat depend tipon fr^jifdrA
ffimmf Senfaiiofij ComraSiim, lire.

■y. Its frinmting Fliixei^ (hac depend upoiS

8. hscauJirtfTttiUatioti.

^. Its cawji'i^ Vigilatiey (or ff^atdhtg) In Ibmc

Its Effeilt and t^i, as an Alatativty are,

1. To imiigcrate ISfature, Or the/ew_/S/'P* 5(a/,
And Spiriii^ which are the FrindpUi of all ^»tf*»i
and Alteration for the Prefervaikn of the AniMai.

2. To^iw Njtiire, or tbi fenfttive Soul, an En.
fhary in that Work of Pj-i/frfuf jow, ji!ieratie»j &c»

1. To admimficr f-ipi and mojt agreeabU Pri*.
tiples for that end.

4- To admitiifier fuch as art ntere vigoroHi and
Powerful than our own, border,

f . To refiilve (iH ill Humoi&s , as vigorous and
agreeable Menjirunmi do.

6. To compile, combine^ concentrate^ or mitt the
goed and agreeable Parfi cfthofe Humours^ and by its
A^eetblevtji (Q join with them, and caufe a Ilria
combination of Parts, to intercede and (as it were)
Cement them.

7* To

7. T&Ji/hufi the feparated and effete Vartscftlnfi
Hummrs by its brisk f^olatUe Salt. And>

M .

Its Effects and Ufesy as an Evacuative^ are,

1. To caufe a liberal PerJ}iration^ to give thoifS

Effete Parts their Exit in the irioft natural, plerli
cHiil, kind; and univerial manner*

2. To c/w/e 57*^^^^, when there is fofflcient Mat-
ter for that end*

3. Tq/flase and open tie tores for the Menfes and
Lochia ^i&c.

'H.J^.JX,

iriAP;

322 The Mj^i^iH

\ t

,*00itf9^'mmmm>'a$m

CHAP. OQCXI.

Of the TJfi pf the Panacea^ or wdl-preparedl
Opiates, to comfort and invigorate the fin-
fitive Soul and Spirits.

IHave fliewn bow and wiylt oLUks st ilibe,
gaj^ and good Humour y Serenity^ Ovation if fie
fenptive Soul and Spirits, jilacrity^ Promftitude^ Af*
furance , Courage , Magnanimitj^ Eupborj^ or eafie
Undergoing of Labour^ Jotirneys^ &c. It therefore
follows^

1. That it muft prevent or taJu off Sadnefs^ M-
lancboly y Cloudinefi ^ Shumefi, Dulnefs ^ Lifikfmfy
LazSnefs ^ BMulnefs , Cowardife , F^ar , Fu/SUm-
tnity^ iJp'udey Dlpre^r^^A

all luch grievous Pafftons, as fVine ad IBlaritafem
does.

2. That by fortifying the fenjitive Soul and Spi-
rits^ it muft prevent contagious bfeilionsy and migh-
tily enable and invigorate Nature to fubdue and
conquer what is intmicous to it in all Rt^eSs.

3. That it prevents and takes off Paintings and
Leipotbymies that happen from the afbre&id Cau-
fesr as thofe upon Fear, Jerrour, hard Labour^ being
Flague^firuck^ and the like.

I. The Form that it is to be given in is inctiffe-
rent, unlels a very fudden EffeSl is reqoir^, as
may -happen in Fainting Pits^ &c. for then fas
was faid ; a liquid' Form in fTsne, or hot Cordials,
Jsbeft.

II. The

of Opium Reveal d.

323

II. The Dofe in ihef; Cafes mull be moJerute,
and Ibmetimes, in threat Cifis, the L^gh'fi ; ibr
great Grievances cjLie proper lienu^U Jifo/Ivr Con.
traSion^ which oppofes che good Ejfii of the
Panscea, (p-c.

in. The VchltU {ho\Ad be a GLi-Ts of ,^fWM«j
W7»e, cordial fermented Li^iwrs, contfortabU Spi-
riti. Of fuch-tike ; to which you mjy add (if
you pleafe) pUafant and ccmfonMt Things ; as,
TinQitre of Saffron , or its i'/'inVj ; C&ymial Oilt,
as of Cinnamon^ Nutmtgs^ Saffipl>r,u^ Clovts^ t^e,
Cdropp'd into Sugar) ArMbergrife, Mi4ik,.^c.

iV. The Time of giving it, is at fuch a conve-
nient dijtancs before the Time (hat you would
have it operate, that it inny produce its Hff'ecls
at the Time defired. See the General Ruks as
to Time.

When it is requifite to continue its FffeHs, as
in long Journeys, or the like* repeat ic as Ibon
as you find tiie Effdh of the former Bufe begin
ienfibly to decay; becaufe it takes loms Time to
> operate.

V. The Rtgtmm, when AQ'.on or Bufmefi is
intended, is to keep in Mution^ Dilchurfi^ or th?
like, left you lleep or grow drowlie.

But when you intend Sleep t obferve the Re-
gimen directed in the Chapter of iti Ufe to caufe
Sleep.

Tho* lefs Sujfeniwce will fi^rve when you uie
it , yet mufl it not be omidcd in a moderate
manner.

The Kind muft be fuch as is eafie of Dlgejiim,
and apt to promote Per^iralion^ as light BreaJ,
Mutteny Lamht ]^tai*a-Tongae y Smet-headt ^ and

ILaml'-finnti , with agreeable 5«ffc« that may help
Y 2 Dige-

t
I
I

5f24 • ^^ Myfteries

Djgejtion and ?er^irati6n • wMdl is a^ftdt OdGef
oxScftnity and ^lacrifj^ (as SanB0rims dbknesy
becaufe that thereby Fir«ia and V^fours^ wludi
doud and clog (he Spirits^ are evaporated^ and
the Spirits b(;coroe ferene and expedite.

It is to be obferved. That Parjty^ Selery^ Omam^
tiorfe.Radi^a^ Garlicky and lixdl Tiform and 'CfiUmilt
P/tfwr/, promote Ver^iraiion.

Your Drink (hodld be gdod Stomachs ffhte, or
Wine and IVater^ 6r flue ^#^ Vrinksy rtot too new#

1. tTote^ 'that (aS has been intiniated) drink-
fng good, acceptable, and generbts IVinei lb of.
ten f yet moderately)' as tb keep a continual Scnfe
6f its Pleafure at Stomach, lii the beft Subftitute
to it that can be ufed j for it will thereby aniwef'
much of the permanent EfftS of well- prepared
Op'tuw^ tho' not quite So convenient in many
R(JpeSs ; as, I. Becade it muft be fo often re-^
peatcd. 2. Becaufe its EfFed \sttatfo fine ^nd
charming. %. Becaufe the IFim heats mpre. ^f.Be-
caule it wames the Stomach too often, and the
like.

2. Note, 'f hat when People are in an untoward
Condition, or fas they call it> out ofSoJsj the
next Jay after Drinking, Men often advife taking
the Hair of the fame Dog, (that is, drinking
Ibme of the lame tVine or Li^mof^ it is beft for
them to ufe it asf I juft now drrciaed ; for rhciF
Caie fupon the good EffiQ of the tFint ceafing)
1^ mucih IiKe that upon the going off of the
Operation of Of turn ; which may alfo (m this Cafe)
be ulcd inftead of Wim, to procure a better and
blither Condition for that daj^ that ules Mberery
H^Ublelbflic to Drinkers.

3 • '^'^j

of Opium Rffveatd. 3 25

3. Not€y That good Preparations of Opium may

tc conveniently ufcd to Hories, to prevent thQjf
being tired, or take off their Wearinei^, and caufe
them to go on i but I woul^ not a^viie any Pre-
paration m this Catb bat the li^id Panacea in good
jtle0T Beer^ apd that only in the fame Quantity
as is ded to Men, till Farther Experience emboldens
the PraHice : By iadi meaps, (I cannot doubt it)
any JaJe may \}0 tirade to appear lively^ go
wclli dr(p.

. '

^ " " . 1 I .. ■ I HI

X
i

V 3 CHAP.

326 The h^^rhf

I

c H A P. xxxn. :

• ■ • -■

Ofihe Vfe of f Ac Panacea,- fipclrW

the Se»fitive Soft/f Spiritfi %&:>

• . . ■ *

* ■• ■ i: . ■ - .". . •

I Have fliown A^^m; and why it eomfifss mA
quiets the ftnfnive Soul , Spirifi ^ Bkmdy Sta-
mach^ &c, and by that means allays all the

Fury^ Commotions^ Verturbations^ ahd turbulent Ex»
orbitahces thereof, and that often without Sleef^
but much^ better with it. It follows therefore,

T. That it prevents and takes cff all Frets and
turkul0t V fijfions of the^fenjitive S^«/j as. Anger ^
uneafU A^taticns^ and Tojfts (f the Mind^ Pee"
'oijhnefsy Fretfulnefs^ Difcontents^ Difquietudes^ J)if>
fatisfaHions y Murmurs ^ turmoilings and vexatiom
Thoughts^ Anxieties y Solicitudes ^ &c. and all the
tvil EffeBs thereof; as, Watcbings yWafie cfSfi-
tits or Strength , LaJJitudes , Hjfochondriacal Melan.
choly^ Cachexiesy Scurvies^ &€. But thefe laft be-
long moft properly to its Alterative Faculty ot
Vertue. *

2, AU involuntary furious Agitations of the fen-
Jitive Soul and Spirits; as, Madnefs , moreefpe-
cially Melancholy MadneJfeSy or mch as proceed
from grievous Thoughts or Appreben/ions y LoJ/eSy
Crojfes^ De^airy Ftars^ Terroursy or the Hie j but
they are not fo good in Merry Madnejfis ^ as
thofe from Joy , Venereal Fury , and Hich^liket
which anfwers the great Diiputes about OpiiUet
in Madnejfes ^ Deliriums , Epileptical Fits^ ConvuL
fions general and particular y as thofe of the Heai^
Riftng of the UghtSy Vomitings^ Hiccoughs y Sah^

'. hings^

&
f

f,-Kteiir.

of Opium ReveafJ. 327

, Com-ul/tve

t^Palpit.

\ and

TrTmblingt oT the Hiart , Skikingi and Shfuerings
upQnFear,Ttrror,Colil,'Pai», At^iK-Fits, Cotjvu/five
Colicts, Hyfttthk Fiti, Uiack f^ljkm, &c.

5. AU Fevers ami Frtts of Humours that Lippm
from any tf the efortfaid Caufts ; Or from airy -via.
tent Mntion, voluntary or involuntaiy, as Labour ,
Running, Hewing, Fighting, or any vthtttient Ex-
ercife , Ratlings, Things, Coneuffiom m Coacbei^
ffaggoni. Boats in ftormy Weather, 'violent RiJmg^
0-c. Or f om HtatoiFire^ Sun, Baths, hhtti afcs.
Bagnio's , Crowds, lying too many In one Red , or
wirh loo Mucb Clothes ; Or from grh^jt-m Senfa-
tlon, Irritation^ or Pgin, as Fevers ujKin Infiamma-
lieHSy AbfceJJis ^ Buboes ^ Stuns, Colicky Cardhlgia,
ifoimds , FraSlures, Difloedlhns , Cintufms, Ampu-
tations, ' LithototMy^ Paratenttfis^ or any painful Ope-
ration of (lie Noble Art of Chinirgery ; Agcny, or
PainoHth&SmaS-i'ox, as its fecond Fti/tr, and the
like ; Or ti-oni Haxet , as tedious and turbulent
Fomltingiy Diarrhea , Dyjinierits, CJjoUra'iy llitick
Vajfions, artificial Purging, and all fympivMatick or
-tmmaterial Fe-vers. wh.itffjever, whicli either never
had any Matter, but proceed from liich jgitating
Caiifes as I mentioned, or remain ( js fome do)
after the ^'-imwg'^J^er is carry'd off by (•'omiiing,
r«rging,&c.

I foibore mentioning Pleurlfitt and Periprietimo-
nia's amons the Fevers^ that it prevents or takes
■ off, becaule there are great Dilutes whedier 0;p/-
aies are convenient in tiiofe Cafes, wliich 1 liope
to determine.

Unlefi it be when the fiid Diftenipcrs arc

come to that pafs, that it is dangerous to caufe

Sltep, or take away any of the Senfe of the /'■•■>-

L tmim of the Matter to be expeflorated , left it

K Y 4 fhuuld

I

52S The h^yfieries

ihould be too much amafs'd in the Breridtay i
Wind-pipe, and fo choak the PerJon , I fee rio
caufe to forbid them any more than Slet^ , or
Opiatei , in other Infiammationt , wherein they
iare highly beneficial, to give En/e, caufe Sletp, com-
fofe the Spirits^ an^ take off, or at lead moderate

But I (ee many good Seafons to bfe them :
I. Becaufe, as a Sal.Volatih.Oltofumy they referata
and refolve cl/itnmy Humour t, and are lb agreeable
In Principles (as Men^rauxs Ihould be; to the
thing to be refolved ; } cannot doubt but JUd
Toppy is, upon Experience, ftated a Spedfickin
thofe Ciifei for thaf reafon. a. Becaufe thdfe I>i-
fiempers (as Hippocrates ipeaksj aip from ^fcgrt^'a-
jim of Humo»ri:\iy ^gkatiofi, Cfc and Opiatei ex-
cellent Compoferi thereof. 3. Bccaule they ate
iiich great Vifiuffen j and, 4. Open the Poret 10
let the difcuffed Matter quite out of the Body,
y. Becaufe it may be that by its Relaxation upon
iLich Rcfolmiotj, the lodged Metter may I* caufed
to flow off, and circulate again , and fo be gra-
diied , difcuffed , and carried off" by the open
Perer. 6. Eecaufe it envigoraies Natore to per-
form thofc Things : And; 7. Gives Eafe and Re-
cruit of the Spiriis by Sleep. So that' all Things
confidered, I think (a3 Experience afTures us) that
Sied Poppy , or Opiates in due Qtianiiiy , ate tjie
very bell Remedies thftt can Jxu&d* Haice it is
that ,.•,., -. ~ .-

Wcdeltas calls Opium an J>itip!eutitici Spta^k,
behaving oblerved, fas I and others have done)
That [he wbp\eC6urfe o(tlw Di/eiije and "ExfeGo-
ra'itft wjll fucceed much better by their Ufe.
He adds alio, Thj(t he has very often curetjthem
by its help, without /eniMg- '<f BJonJr., whidi'ii

I

»

I

0/ Opium Reteatd. 32^

an infallible fign of their ^eod FfftB , fipcc the
Pkurijie can liaidly be cured witLiouc BUcdhg. |
^annoc fee how an Efied ch^c bears iucb Ana-
logy to Slttp can do any more Harm than ■S/«j». .*
- EtmitUer alio adviies iha giving of Opiatti nofi
only in the Beginning « but alfo during the if -J
.(fM/e of the PltHri/ie or Peripneummiie: So (hat 1 1
conclude. That they arc oi excrSrm Ufe in tho%l
Difeufes, unlefs it be when Sleep or them may caufe
too much Inlenfiblenefs of the Bremhijs, and fo
retard ExpeHeraiiotiy when tlie Cafe is fiich that
,ihe Want thereof njay ea<^anfier tt;e Perfon** be-
-ibgchoak'd, ■ )

We have alio m^ny Hi^mts nf PeHbps cured

in other Feven by large Dofn of Optatei. I (iip-
pole that rejinouj Opiates cauTing Vomiting an^
great Difiuibances, by reafcn of ill I>/gctf((W) ip
thofe Cales , mtg,ht be one gi-eat Caufc of Peo-
ple*! Fean and yteleafits in giving Opiates^ which
is eafily prevented by giving liquid Op'mts voitJ
. bf any rellnous Particles , as the lifiid panacea-,

4 It does, by compofing, quieting, andappea-
fingthe Motion and Peiturbstion of the Bloud,
conduce much to the Qop of its E0tix in Hemor-^
rbagei (or Bletdivgi') that axe usvat ur al ^ as at -No/?,
in ff'fit'tg and Wfnithg of Bload , bleeding ^t i^e
Himorrhoidi , In DjfeHteries, piffifg of BtoiiJ^ ^f.
and fometime in profufe Me-nfa^ when they hap-
pen from a Fi'ver^ or too much Motion of the
BUuJ And Spirits, and not an ovir'Rclaxatiim or
t>tlata[ie» of thp i'?'<J, w|iich m'jft b$ well d>
ftingujlhed.

I. The Form (null ^ liquid in all jR^wf;, a^d
is i\Co moft convenient, generally Ipeaking: '
^ '-* ' a The

53 o The Mjffieries

U. The Defe may be the moderate, or tnUS-
ling , except it be where the Pains are great, or
where much of the Opiate is loft, as in (^mtiw
Loofntfy &c. foe which fee the Geaera/ JWw.

III. The l^tbicltt (hould be (generally fpeaking J
cooling, compofing, and incraflating Liquids, as
Emulfiom, Milk and WattTj or the like : but b
lertling the Stomach ufe agreeable warm and com-
forrable Cordials, or ^m burnt vikh Aremiticki
or the like. '

' IV The Ttmt is,' when *tis convenient accor-
ding to the General RuUty and yoiir iacemion of
its Operation ^ therefore where there are perkJi-
cal Paroxyfms, or Ex^cerha! tons ^ as mt\\Q Small.? ox
, 'and many Difeafes^ in the Afttmoom , or towards
the Evenitipy pwe it the due Time before, that it
"may have its full Effeit by the Time ilie Paroxyfmi
'or Exacerbations^ are expe^ed to begin , and be
hot (b mad as to be regulated ty J%4f, or Day,
,Dr Bed-time^ &c. fas is ufual j which are no Sp»-
ytomSyStgrn, OT Ejf'eQi, oi' the Difteniptr, butoflhc
Motion or Pofition of the Sun, StarSj i^c: which
are not the Subjeifls of your Cure, nor can bt;
The H'dnc of which moft obvious and rational Pra-
'Sice , has fadly dilappointed inconfiderate Pby/i-
^iiam^ and ofcisn hazarded, if not deOroyed the
'tatients,

y V. TheXfg'ff»«iisthe tame as thatto caule SUti
iTvhich you haveinCAj^.35. and Ihould be by all
^'^eans ufed in this Cafe.

I. J^ote, That Opiates Ate not to be ufed Cas
has been intimated) where the Commotion, Flax,
<^<^. is for apparent and fpeedy Benefu of J^ature,
as in yomiting upon Repletion, or to difcharge the
Stomath of (omewhat that ofiends it, or a Laofntfi
to clear the itiepius, or the like.

2. Noti, That when any Evacuation is to be
nudeby-T-Mmf oTiSVW, tbebeft w^in tbeleCi-
les is to ule large DUmions of fome contemperating
liquid, inftfad' of Vom:wUt and Purgtn ; there-
fore u(e only lukewarm W^rer, or (which is beftj
boilMwith^4,ittIe Carduiu in'f,,or CarJum.foffit,
ortheffltr, tooaule Vtmitirtg-; aiid more '^gpce-
able Dilutiont for the InteHines to wafh off ill
Humours^ as a Gallon of Water , with.baif^
Ounce of Cream of Tirtar, or rarfier ^ pu§;it|g
Salt of the Waters diffolved in it, ot fome part
thc^eof, ufing all cold/ or biitveiy little warm'd,

fiviDg the Ofime or Tana&a immediately after the
erfon has done Vomiiinttit Purging, in a Snail
Gl^cSWine, or agreeaKe' CorJial, to Warm and
comfort the Stomach aOd Jntifiints, which, becaulc
of the finallnefsofthe i^*Ht^y, the Moifture and
Coddefs of the diluting Liquids and the Opiate^
' can j::aulp Qo IncoMftmmct by its incotifid^rftt^e

■^ . ; ' *.;;-■ ■

:. ■.(;,;.,>: .

■ .■■ H ;rdj B:' '

, '■ ,.'j -■■''•

■ 'c.MIt'rfc .:-- .

.;ii:l ;.;■...

, :/iO ..

,■ .''v!i':i! .,

. :•■ '.:■ - :;» 4-'

— -fnr. ;' .

:"'.'.ff ':;:

.CHAP.

»«

The Myfteries

CHAP. XXXIU.

Of the Vfi of ik Panacea 0/ Opium, &<(.
[- t| to relax,

HAvmg (Kown, that OpjjMi relax all the icnlilc
Parts of the Badjy and ^6011', and iviy \ii fol*
lows that they are of excellent Ufe,

I. To frevevt gnd take away ntl Contrafftoftt that
happen from grievoui Padian^ or Sofuiion^ ( or Tan )
4s Cenziutjions, Siii-vtrta^!, Shakings, CrMnfij Tok
Jionif Tatphgtms and Tremori of the Heart from
Fear^ "Tfrrour^ Gri^, Aieiancboly^ Anxuty^ SaUd-
titdc^ Anger, fretfuhe^, Concern^ Surptze^ flo.
Or from CoU, P^ia, Acidi, &c as ContraSicn of
the SphinScr of the Bladder from thofe Caufcs, by
which the Urine is often ftopt, as alfo by the Pfl»
from the H^morrboidi, Infiammations, Sr»sll Ppx,0
liekt, Acrimmy, Exeoriaiion,^. ( which often hin-
der the making of Water , as they alio do fome-
times going to Stocl, fuiallffwing^ &c. ) Shivaingm
Ague.Ficf^ Stupors from Cold, or Pain which (»
Was fliownj proceed from a violent ContraHiaf,
in all which it will fcarce ever fait of due EffeS:
by this Means you may f" as I have often donej
cure thole DifaJleniAhXy, fpeedily, andpleaCltt-
ly even toa tVonder and Amaz^mtit^ ( as ifchann'it
by a Spd) when others know not what Hiod tq
put to them, and are quite baffled thereby.

By the iarae Means f tlio' little, or not at all
minded ) you may prevent gre^t Tumours upon
F«i»;"aswben by a Thorn, or any grievous Paiit
the ^rnt, LfgSf Thighs^ &C. begin to fvvel! ; for

of opium ReveaN. 335

the Swelling, which often grows prodigioufly,
andfeizcs the whole Limk, if not a great Part of
the BoJj, chreatning and often caufing Mortifica-
tions and Death it lelf, iscaufed by the Pain con-
traifting, and (b girding the Parts, that the BlouJ,
Lympha, Sec. cannot pals, by which Means the
Humours being ftagnated, and crowded in by the
Force of the Arteries^ and dam'd up by the Cm-
traSion, moft dreadful Tumsars happen ; whereas
(he Ptun being taken away by the Opiate^ and all
the Pares relaxed, thsy are, and rauU be prevent-
ed by plain Mechmifm, if uied timely. For Pain
can caufe Tumours by no other Means befides
ContraQion, which Opium muft prevent by taking
away the very Pain ic fclf.

. 2. To help the Cure of all ethtr ContraSiam ; ai
Tenjimi^ Rigidities of Nervei, Membravesj Tendoni^
Ligaments^ Mufclei, 6CC.

] , To TtlaXf or make way for Things to p^^s Sweat ^
Fumti, Small Pox, Meafles, peftilentiai, ur -venefnotiri
Effiuviofj Menfet, Lochia, and the like, tof ^^ythrougfi
the Skin or Piirei: KChiU^ dead, or alive, j^fcer'
hirlbf Alole^ cloJJed BloiiJ, S£C. to ^'^/'J' through the
Neck of the Ifomb, when too narrow by M/(«re,or
Contrafted by Pain, Cold, Terrow., &c. A Stone to
pafs the Ureters, or Neck of the Bladder, by ta-
king away the P^in chat contradls them and hin-
ders the Paflage of the Stone ; To that ( in the
Hand ofan ingenious Pbyfdm ) rhereis not a bet-
ter, nor as good a Remedy to caufe a Stone of
any paflable Bignefs to come away, for it pafles
through the relaxed or widened Pafages wiihouc
P«w; tohdp which, other Reljxen ,'as l^.irmt6^
nmllient Balln^ Fommtatii?ni, Clj/fien, together with
flippery and emollient Thirtgs inwardly taken,
and a: laft a great Stream ol Urine well contri-
ved and timed when the Parts are moft relaxed.
Ifiippled and lubricated, do mudi conduce I
wotild

I

I

334 ^^^ Myfieries

would have all who are troubled with the i
Nete tbi.

Note alfo. That to hold and dam up the Urine
a long Time, is of excellent Uft well managed,
when the Stone is in the Ureters, becade when
the Urine has fiU'd up the Bladder very tighdy,
that it will receive no morCj it muft diffend the
Ureter, which is the Caiife that very many are
ealcd, either by the removal or difcharge of the
Stone after a fei Time, which gives Oecafion to call
them Piti of the Stone, bscaufc they laft for much
about the fame length oiTtme ; however, the large
and fudden Evcuatim of Urine muft, by leaving
the Part loofe,c^l:. conduce" very much tothePaf
fage of the Stone. Clodi of Blawi, PhUgm^ Mdt-
ter, 8cc. that (lops the Urine.

4. To relaXy or make PFay for Tbingi to he tmt in-
to the Body, when there u Occufion, as in Reda&ions
of Herniof ( or Ruptwei J of a f^Hen FunJamme,
Womb^ or f^agina, in which Cafcs k is of neatU^,
both by relaxing, and taking awjj Pain during the
Operation. It may be alio of Ufe when the ftriift-
nefi of the CoUnm Uteri hinders the Admijfum of
Sem. viril. both as a general Relaxer, and as cao-
fing greater FUafurt of thofe Parts, and a propor-
tionable Relaxation thereof,- for it is by the PUs-
fure in Coition, that thsCohm Uteri is opened, or
relaxed, (as is ohfervcd) which immediately doles
again, whenthefenfeof P/ea/'weis ended; yesaad
fo much the ilrifter, becaule the JUjS of Pleafure is
fas was Jhown) a Kind of Grievance- hence itis,
that omne Animd pofi coitum tji trifle ; and not be-
cauie of lofi of Spirits ( as is vulgarly imagined)
for we can lofe little or no Spirits by that which is
Ibfeparatedfor ExQretianhdotz-band^ as the Stm»

ft

of opium ReveaN. 395

5. Ta enlarge any Part for the due Reception tf
what if emvtnunt^ er iKceJfary, as the Breafls to re-
ceive Milk, ( by which Means it comes to be iuch
a grew hcreafer of Milk) The femind l^ejfelr/is Sem.
•virile does upon Puberty ) to receive the Semm:
Tbusit caufesthe P«iw to grow, as theSemefiup-
on Puberty caufe it, and Cockt Combiy Turkey-
Cocks red Bags at the Neck, Probtfia, Sec. to grow
atihe Time they are fit for, or begin to tread j for
the Relaxatien caufed by the Pleajure of the Semen
makes the Party more capable of the Nutriment,
Thus it is, that Sleep cau(cs the Growth^ Faming,
and Thriving of dnimals, and red Nofes to grow lo
large by frequent Relaxation upon the Pleafure of
Wine^ Ale^ &CC. ( as Was faid ) to which Qtanti-
tydi^ending the Piirts may in thelaft mentioned
Cafe contribute.

I The Porm of Ofiatei in this Cafe may be ei-
ther /o/it^, or liitiid, as you think fit.

II. The Dofe muft be proportioned to the Re-
laxation that you defire ; for tmre relaxes more ;
and/*/, lefi-, fomuft icbealibproportionedtorhe
ContraSiom, that it is to take away ; theielbre very
grieVQHi Pnj]iom^ or Senfatiom, which catife pro« i
porrionable ContraHiom, require greater D^es, bs-. j
caiile their Grievance and Contrailion do urongiy {
oppofe the Pleafure and Relaxation that 0;ii</fe»,|
caufe ; therefore great Pain ( as you'll find in in I
due place ^ requires an extraordinary Doje.

IH. The yebicle in ComraSions from grievoH.
Pdjp'pwj Ihould be Wimy or fomecomfortableCw*'
Jtat J exceft they be the more turbulent Pa^ns, as
Angcr^ Fury, 5fC. where Cempofcrt, as EmuIfoitSy

iWi/*,and f'Kjtcr, ^c are bclf.

In

1

33^ Th^ Myfi^tes

In ali other Cafu, emollient and fupplirg l^e£^
cUi arc moft propei', as fofr, Jmoethj and fi'fft^J
DecoHioni, Bretbi^ &c.

IV. The Ttme to give them is, at the due Di-
ftance before Bed Time, when the Intention; are
conTiflent wichS/eep^ .which it (elf is agreat Relax,
er ; otherwife any "ITme will ferve^ as Occaf
or the Intention of tlie Phjp.cian requires it.

V. The Regimen.

: I. As to Meat and Drink, is ufing moift, emol-
Uent and lubricating Things, as miooth Brodt,
foraewfaat fet ; batter'd Kocks, Herbs, Sawces,
Graek. Milk-Meats, young Flefii, as of roafting
Pigs, Veal, Lamb, &c. Smooth Drinks as ^/r*

2. As tojleefmg and waking ; that relaxes, and
riiis concrafts : therefore, that conJucci^ this bm.
^'. . . ,

;. As to Refi and Motion ; that relaxes^ and
emttaSsi ■ , ■

4., As to the Pri^wJ of the Mind\ the Pleafivt
as AL>;i, jFey, Vleafure^ Cotnfort, and. all flKh,
do relax ; and the Gricuous as Trrreur, Fear, Grief,

EMeUncholj, Sec. centraU, as Paw does.
5. As 60 /iir, the inarm and moiji, or that when
the Qaiekfihtr is low in the Baromettr ,( or t^Ves-
iher-g^fj does rtlax, AS do wariji Baths Fementa.
tioti. Sec efpecialiy ifewflff/ewi : Dry and cold-^o*
and that when the Qttickfdvn is high, do eau&Cr«-
traSiim.
6. As to Excretion, and Retention ; generally Ex.
cretiondo& make Room and ff^^y for things topafi
fbrwigh, or into the relaxed Parts, ( as Clyfiering
forPaffage of the Stone, Child, RtdnBion of Her.
Biof, SccJ But be liire not to make the Excrttunt
grievous, becaufe all grieuem Stnfation caufes Cm-
tTfiSien. CHAP.

btn .

4

of opium Revejrj. 55^

CHAP. XXXIV.

Of the Vfe of the Panacea of Opium. &ei
to takp avpaj Pain or grievous Senfation.

THIS it does fas was (hown j hy diverring
Khz fcfitive Soitlf and introducing a Scnfeof
Pleafure, which, (being contrary to grit'vui Sen-
fation or fain ) cannot be in the fame Suhj/d w'nh
Pain-, but ciiiefly, and mecbaiticaliy by relaxing all
Parts, and permitting (he (pringy Animal Sfiriti
to expand, and fo become unfit to carry Impr-r^.
<">' finartly ; which is requilite [o caufe a fenle cjf
Tain. ( as has been proved.^

Therefore it is of raoft happy and glorious XJfi
in all Vains, but erpccially to be uled

1. In fach at are mt fffr any Bencfi to the Perfm
fam'd^ in Ordir to alter, or evacuate the grieving
0«/e, as in Poet/, fcorhtkat^ or hytockondriac^
Faint, or fiich as proceed from any 'ill Habit of
Body, &c.

2. Where Pain hinders the laiing away of its Cauje
CT fame Benijit- as when the Pain of the Stortedoes
by contraiaing the Parts hinder its own Pejfage;,
that ofa7iwr/w«j hinders going to ftool j that of
the SphtiHr of the Bhdder hinders its opening to
let out Urine, clodded Blond, Phlegm, Matter^ or any

fuch Thing; when that of the NeckoftheJ'Kfl»f*
hinders Delivery of a Child, Afrer-Binb, Mole^
itodded Blottd, &c that of the Mouth of the Sto-
mach hinders /•WiV/wf, when requiiite; or that
dfthc Fytorus hinders the Detrufion of Chyle ^ or

i^t Thei/fyjkritn

the Paflkgc of the OrJure^ and cauies an Iliad Paf*

Larynx Breaching ; or that of any Part hindert
fcrfpiration or <ki6(Cd Smai% cA* <mt of the Vtne^
real Farts ftops the Menfes^ or Lochia^ &c. In all

which Cf/?i^ is, ^na'«aflflin ^ JM/^ beoftx-
celleht, and fif duly rnaoaged) of alnutftf ifnot
altogether) infallible EffeB^. by taking away the
tain which (tai^ the Part to contra^ and make
the Stofy &ۥ

^. ffiere tbt Caufe ofibeVain c^mct be remcvid
hut bj Per^iraticn, SwMyMvffeiyhoebif^ or Vrm-^
as in Fains k) the ibbk ofAicBody^ Limbs^ &c
From Coldy fPmdy or Vapmrs^ Gota^ Rbesouatifms,
Stkchsj TleUrifies^ Jnfiammatkns^ atiflmanyofdie
C^/ aforementioned, it is exceUent : As it is

4. Where the Pain^ TfritatiWy or grievous Senfati'
cn^ caufes Nature to work irregularly^ as in tliack Paf*
(toksy hyfierick Ftts^ FruUlefCimvuiJms^ canina Af*
petite^ &c. In which. Cmcs it excdis all other
Means for many Reafons,
''J" ^^^ tbt Pain u not likely to have atimelyEf-
feif for good^ till Peofle may be too much worn out^

6. In 4dl Pains that, have not anf material Caufe from
the Humours^ &c. of the Bo^JU as foch as happen

from Pafftons^ JFounds, Pricks of Ner'veSy Tendons^
FrafiuriSy Diflocations^ AmfutationSy fevere thirur'
gical Operations^ &C.

. 7. In aU Pain from Inflammations^SufpmationsyAb'
Xefj^ryiTfiinors where Rspulfknu; not cofrvenient or

* 8, bs 0U Paffis that are more likely to caufe Fevers
fhan ady Bfnefu^ as in many of the former.

To befhort^ it is good and ijleful in all Pain anil

grievotfs SenfitHons.

I .: ^Eeceft all fiich as tend to the Ipcedy apd
timely Btnefk of Pdrfom^ as ibore in lYoimmLA'

bcur;

0/ Opiiim ReveafJ, ^ 3 J

%otir ; Grievances at Stomach, that caufe Vomiting
Upon over.Refhtion, or by Realbn of fomewhat
that grieves , . and i3 not convenient to Itay ae
Stomachy or Irntflthri to expeiftorate, when
much wanted, as happens Ibmetimes in V^mkai^
TUnrifia, feripneumamm, &c. Or fttch asirriidte,
and folicite to make Water, go to Stool.&c. When
Evacuation of Urinej Ordure, ill Humourij ficc. is
requifite.

2. Except when ^""efOMJ 5fM/df«w are neceflary
Calls ox Intimations iot Supply, Refi-efl^meni , &cc. as
Hunger J Tbirfij &c. which fhould be taken off
only by the Pleafiire of good Aleat, and Drink j
left Nature be defrauded: Where you may ob-
ferve an InconveniencCj that may happen by ttie
■Jrcjuerit Ufe of Opium taking away Appetite with-
out Nutriment. Tho* this is much compenfated
by the Relaxation^ and Rtcruit, that Opiates give,
and their moderating the Expence of Spirits by
taking of Contrt^ims; and may more ( if not
wholly ) by a regular and conftant way of Hat.
ing and Drinking temperately at ufual Times, tho'
the Hunger may not, by Reafbn of the Opiatet^ bS
ftp great as at other Times,

I. The Form is indifferent, and to be ordered
only according to thsgc^er^l Rules^ remcndiring
that the Liquid is beft for Speed.

II. The Dofe muft be jiroportloned to the Pain,
or grievous SenfaiioTij and always rather more tlwrf
when there is no Pain, becaule its Ccntradton oppo-
ks the Relaxation to bs induced by the Opiate.

Ob ftrvt t ha Method. Firft ^ve agoodX>o/?,then

nay about 2 or ; Hours, and if the Pain be not at

all leffen'd, you jnay fafely then give bdf the

S^aniity agairi, and afterward about a third Part <rf

Z i thl

34* The Myfieties

the thft evci y I or 3 Hears till it begins to ihttt^
buc upon &.e leafi fcnfible jihremmtjyou raaft for-
bear to give any more, becauC: th^ which did in
feme ASeafire abate thePji», doesjn the femePro-
for/jOT abate the CoKmSan, and confcquently «
has leG 10 conteft with, therefore wiH be lure to
conquer j[ J for the lame Peivery that could fdsdue
ten in Ibnie NkaCire, wi;i fubdue nine in a greater
MtafuTiy and c JgA/ more eafily than nine, fiCC till
the P/i(« qdteceafesj whereas if you add more
fffwey CO the O/iflfe, it may be too much, eJpecial*
ly when the Pom is thcieby conquered, and diat
ic has no ComtaSion to contcft with j lor then it
will be as if a^rear Daft were given to one that
bad no Pain ■ but if the Pain increafes again, yoa
may fafely repeat ihe Half Dvje^ &c. every 2 or;
Hourly till ic again begins to abAte, and no longeri
which yoD had beccer oblerve to cio as fbon asever
the Pain begins to return, becaufe ic takes (bme
Tme CO operate,* it follows then, that the li^Mii
Form is niofi convenient in this Cafe for Exptdttien.

My farticuiar and ifftBual manmr of ujing it in tht
Gout, will be fomewbaC too teJieus ta tre Jtt Jcwn:
7htTifure fii.ce it may be ebvivus tnougb roibefagadcui^
thiit cofipdtr what 6a 1 hcenjaid, and the Nature if
the Dijlemfcr^ I will f aft hat by at tha Time,

III. The Vihick'mcoUSlemadsy and Ci^ffliiuti-
em, may be a Glafs of W7»f, or fome temperare
Cordial i but in Iiot Cafes, or wherea Ftver is feared,
EmilfuHs, Milk and il^ater, or IVater alope, or
other acceptable cooling Things, or (iich as are
direfledin the Cale ol procuring ReUxatim in the
left Chapter- becaufe it is Rctaxaiion that takes a-
w ay Pain^ as has been mechanically Aemonjlratid. But
here there is no need of being Xcrupulnus as to the
I'tlide, wilefs it beinrelpetftof iif«;^atid CeU^ in
i\\t Cafe happens. IV. The

I

I

of Opium ReveatJ. 34 1

IV. The Time may be any Hj«r, as the Ofc
requires; only remember, -that -.J/f'p conducts
much to RA^aiion, and therefore to die talking
away oif^in.

V. The Rfglmtn to be ufed in the Cafe of Ri-
iMxing in the U(t (Siaptir will liiflice, but *[is con-
venicnr ( as was laid ) to regaid the Srem.ich^ and
imr and colJ Csn^itmicm^ efpcciaily where thcrg
is any Fear of Ftvtn j by giving cooling Liquids,
as Emnljiimi^ &;c. and avoiding hot ovfoUd lal^gi^
e(pecially fuch as arc haid of Digtjlmj as fAju,

1. Ni>ee, That it is very advifable, not to defer
the Ufe oi Opiates too long, till l-'eople are very
weak, tho' ic may feern that they would hinder
ibmc due Evacuation ; tor I cannot fee what H^vm
a Refi-efliment by tiiem may do, any more than by
Sleep, both depending upon [he lame Caufe, v'ui
Relaxation : h is true, that by Reafm of 5/«p, or
an Opiate, the Evacuation may be alittlc defer'd.
What tlien ? would any Man deny Sletp for that
Reafon ? Why then fhoold a Pbyjkiat deny an Opi-
ate to caufe ic, reljaice Nature, and enable it to
bear its Oanhen, or engage with DiJfi:uiiicJ the
better ?

2. Remember always that SUep is a great Ht/p
to cake away Pain, and lb are all Things cliat cot»-
duce to fttlaxation, or plealant IXvtrfviv.

3. Ule Means in P^in of the Hemorrhaiil!^ Fii- -
4tmen'^ or IrueHinun* reUum, and indeed in any
P^ia within the Gh(j [ unlefs it proceeds from a
Ltwfeneli) thit Ojutti may not bind Men mo
much; as Lenitivei internally,, or f9»'tfii'»c Clylhrr,
or which of them may be nioit ealiiy and convo^
'niendy doiiCj and molito the I'uipofi ,

CHAP.

34*

The Myjieries

CHAP. XXXV.

Of the Vfe 0f the Panacea of Qplum, See
to canje Sleef.

IT primarily caufes Sleep by relaxing and com-
poGng, quieting, fooching, pleafing, and lul-
ling the fenfitive Sod afld Spirits ; ic always re.
iaxesj but does not always fiifficieDtly compofe or
qakt the Spirits to caufe Sleep, to which both arc
reguifite : Secuniarily, by taking away grievtut
Pa£ioM or Setffatioit, when they happen to hinder
it.

1. ^i Sepor^croat, it ts of incomparable U/e in id
trouhlefim Wauhings^ whether they be from grse.
■vom JPa^att Or Senftshn^ or irrejuiece Motion of
the Spirits, tho' not fo certain in this laft Cafe as
in the former ; and therefore proves (bmetimcs
unfuccefiful in (bme Perfofu^ and in fome (on of
Aiodnejfei^ as the Mtrry or Fwioui, tho' it is ef
lofiual in Melancholy and Qow Manias, (as has
been intimatedj for bare Rihxatim fiiffices in tho
Two firfi Cafa, where Skep is hinder'd by Cm-
traSian^ which it never fails to take off, if given
in a due Quantity, as has been directed.

2. 7o recruit the Spiriti^ as when People arc
tired with Labour^ Jaumtyi, Difeafes, CenpSls ef
Nature^ as by Cortvul^ons, Vomitings, Purging;^
Hjfierie Fiti^ and the like-

3. Ta leUx, compofe ^ take away Pain^ maderats
Fluxes that Jtptnd upon grievous Senfation, (or Irri.
talion) "and its confequent ContraQien • or- from
Mitkn or Segregation of Himouru "

*^^

»

c] opium Reveafd. 343

4, TopwjwffF/MX" thatdepend upon RfA'araf/owj |
as Ptrfpimtioti, Sweat ; as alio thz Mei/fti and l-ucb;^ ^
In fonie Cales i of all which you have pirticulav
Chapteriy which T'*.

I, The Farm may be indiReremly, either fJlJ
or %HiW, as 'tis bcft liked, and moft fuicable tti -

Teovle'i M'mds^ Palate, &c. i

H. The Dn/^ moderate, except it be, i.Wlwrq.'
Ibme by AccHent require ochecwile, as ^ain' i
Leafefu£cty Vvmiiingi, and to titillate the Veiereai-m
Membranes becaule remote ; which fee in the rt^ f
JfmSive Chapters of the Ufa of Qpintis in thof^ |
Cafts. 1. Where the gtntrd Ruki direct ochert
wife, as in the .foft jJ^hcJ People. Children^ IVb- i
men, &c. where the Dofe muft be lels.

III. The Vehicle miift be the laine as is direAe4 •■
to Compofe ; but in old people 'tis oblcrvcd, tlia( ,
Imobth Spirituous Things, as gtioi Ale, &c. con, ,
ducc vesy much to caufe Sleep, hecaufe Sidpburi ,
do qua'itie the VohmU Salt of tt^e O^iim (^s wa^ <

•fhcwn.) i

IV. The Time in ^fwerd/iaat the diiediftarice
before Bed-rime, that is direded in the general
Rulti • but Opiatei may be given at any Time whcij
the Cafe requires, as in the ^maZf-firx about 12,
i,or zinthe /S/rn-nwui, accordingasthe £x,i(fftrt. 1
tic»s ('whicll happen in the ^ftermcj, or toward^ ,
the Evemn^i) do lei(c them ■■, and in Agues, at thq i
due diflame before the Pjthxj'/w invades tliemj fq
that the Operation thereof mayiw full and conu
pleat before the 7<ws thAt the J^^fi are to begin j
«nd (b ill all other difa of the like Kind.

V. The Regmtn in this Cafe muft have a ■
Twofold Alprft -, I. To promote Rtlaxation^ 1
2. To compolc and'^uiec Motions and Verttirbtt.
'fians of the Spirin, Bkwl, &c. KcUxi.ttpJt, a,n4

■yfr being the Two Ciulers ol' Sleep.

Z 4 A'

344

The Mjfieries.

As to the firjt, the Rtgimm mufl be the fim©
as is direfted in the Chapter of the Vft of the
Tanacta, &c, to «/«f?c ■, but as tO cemfifing and
auiechg the Spiritt, Hhall add fpmcwhat, tho* Re-
uxeri are generally good for this Purpoie, unleS
Join'd with forae agitating AccUunt', as H.**?, or
the liltc.

' I As to Diet, it fiiould confift of coding, iit-
^aJfattTig, invifcating Thivgi, thAC are not aremd-
tick, acsi, OT fiiline ; fjich are Milk-AieatSy Ewh/-
JZjWj Mmend Milks, Chicken Breth^ with cooling
Heibs, (Vater.grutlj frejh and yung ["ft FUft, Lei.
tHCty Purjlane, Spinttge, Uerb Mercury^ AtaSowi^ and

fuchlike, MucUagts^as, o^ Slii'^ce^Fl&a'vatit,tf.c. The
t>Tink may be ^i/^ ■j'"^ W^tr^ Whey, or fucS
unferniented Liquors, or (mooth Small Recr not
foo old, for all ftale Driiili is naught j Wattr
Vhere it agrees, &c,

z. Rtfi if Body and Sf'^iss muft be contrived
by all rpeans, as hy Ua^hg, /)-<>£, or fining fiill
without any motion after it is taken, til] Bed-
time, and therefore let the Perfon fifths Stafo'^
permits) be as much undreffed as may be, in a
Usji Garmefit, or Mamlr'g.Gini-'n, all that Tiitu.,
and be help'd ofTwith his Cloaths, that he may
nof: ftgitat^ bis Bc^ljf \ wi;en fleecy, (and not be-
fore) let him go into a cold Eed in Smumcr, and
\m a little warm'd in Winter, and only have
Vhat Bed. cloaths fuffices, and pleafes him beft,
iind then lie abfoliiteiy /till without NolfiQ, light,
9r Fire in the Room.

;. ^pff and Tfafi^iiilitj of MitiJ \s very neceC
fary, which Ihoiild be not only free from grievous
^'lifiensj but floin all Excefs of joyous ones, which
p6 nuiLh agitate the Spirits.

4. I'he Jiir (houlfi be moift and moderate, atu3
if not fuch by the Wmtber, rcnder'd (b by ^ri^
^^<^\\^m ftvtrt.^ ...

o/ opium Reveatct. 345

5'. All Kviicuarwvs fhoLild be made, that mxf m
^ny u">y diOiub his 5/«r^, before he betakes hUfi^fl
fclf to it: nor Ihould the Stomach be overfull tail ■
empty, left any Grievance may bs thereby crcataL '

6. Emollient tcpiJ B.ithi, Fimrtttati'^Sy Fret,
wnjites^ &c. do finely difpofe People to Sleep, but
take care they be not too hot, Ibr heat caules a
fiir of Bloud and Spiriti^ which is an Enemy to
Skp.

I. Note, That hfig Sleeps after great Fal^itei^
or long IVatcbing, ougin no: to bs very frieluru)^
if the Dife was moderate, and that the Perfon
takes Sufienatice.

X Note, That old or dry Perlbns, or foch as
are' very unapt to Sleep after Ooi-itef^ are often
Caufed to Sleep by fmooih IVme, Jlr^ Ccvflip li^mr^
or the like, becaufc the gentle 0(7;w/i of (uchtf-
quoT4 do COrreft the Acftmony of their Volatile Saltt^
and at the fame time caufe a Senfc of PU^ffare,
which relaxes and caiifes Sleep, h lias been ob-
. ferved, that even Ambevgrife and Mask (which
exagitate the Blond and Spirits,] caufe old Men to
Sleep, which happens by their /i* Sulphur readily
fattening upon the acrimonious Volatile Salfiy as
Spirit of W^w does upon Sal Ammoniac, which
being mixed do (bon coagulate : Tlierefore I am
apt to think, that Camphirt would be of excellent
XJft to correft the Opium, and the volatile Salts of
the Body in fuch Cales, becaufe it is Expcrimen-

I tally certain, that ic corredts the Acrimony of
Urim, of Semen Virilr, Cantiuri/lei^cp-c.
J. ^ote. That the diter the Body is, the more
tinapt are Opiates to ^iile S'lfp ; therefore dry
BoJies, asof oW Me»^ HclicM Perfon,, e^c. ihould
hi well moidened by incraptive Moiffeners, as
'Omnifont, and fach Things as are above-mention-
ed and ordered in the C^djj.w of the relaxing U/«
I 2_i

f4^ TbeMjfierksr

From what is ^d^ I do conclude^ that Opistes
do caafe Skef very readily Urh^re the Oi/; Pans
abound ; and diat Thing^^ that baye a ftntOkous
Smlphtr^ are rery good Ca?reffw of it, where
acnmohious Volatiu Salts, abound, in order to
cac^ Sleep ; and that hence it is, that ibme ancient
Pbople will often Sleep better by the Ule of the
aforementioned fmooth femtemed ftdpbureous Li-
fiors^ than by the Vfe of O^m ; from all which
It appears^ chat Sleep is not iiich. .a Fropgrty of
^bm as People make it to be^ bepaule^ that be*
fides rdaxing, SUep alio requires a great Rsfi of the.
Spirits: zndltxifih&ive Sml -

K ieems very probable from the PtemiCs, that
'AnqJ^ Sulf^wr of Pitrkii wottfd be excellent to'
cade 4d Men to Sleep ; for it ' d^olkiefi cades
Sleep only by otoindins and oo^llRring our Voliir
tik Saks, as fftf»i SUfis^ ^Moibi^l^mlds^

wiD often da

« * i^ 1 p •

• > .*

-* r-f -1 — r. ., ' . *

4 % . ' •

* ' .

cnufi

of Opium^ Revearj. ^^f

CHAP. XXXVI.

Of the Vje of the Panacea of Opium, fitt.
■ to fi^ Fhtxes.

IT paBales, vtodeTosu^ and flop Flu^it \ i. BjT
tatting away the fen/e of the Irritation of
Humours, which caafe ComraHion to fqueefcthem
out, and promote [heir motion, a. Becaufe ie
compofes and (tills the motion of Humours by
the Kdaxafkn and the Skep that it caufes, which
quiets motions. 3. Becaufe thereby, and by its
combining AgreiahUwfs-and Ttxturt^ it certgregatts
ibe 'if^cgated HMmuuri. 4, Becaufe the Rtlaxoi'
ticn fufpends the ftumaip-s. 5-. Becaufe ic Jifcujftt
m Humeuff. 6. BecaQt'e the Pqt,v bang opened
by the Rilaxaiion, the Humours th^c cauied tha
Fluxes are gradually perlpired by that mott na-
tural and univerfal fort of E-vacM^mn j lor *ri»
plain Reafon and common OlrfervafiM, that a>
plentiful Evacuatim at Porfs liops JFhxts fer Amau,
(*fc. and if it continues, perfedJy eurjtt them.
0- Hence it is, that the t/fe of Opiaiei continued,
does happily not only palliate, but perfectly core
Dlarrbtia, Vjifint tries, Dejluxiom, Catarrbj, dfc.

It therefore fbllowit, that k is of great L^

1. To paShte^ tnodnate, or core sH FJuxet that
proceed from Irritation ef HKtmwi^ as Vormtingt^
tocfitu^cj, cauled by the Humours of the Body,
»r Things given, as Diarrheas, Djifmitrrti^ Arti.
jieid P"''g"g, Ili«(k tajjiom, Chokra Morhtu, (after
(be Humour is Ibtnewbat fpcot) Dtfimxions, C«-

'Ss

348

The Myfieries

is, of (limj Humours^ by Reafon

L^au'le, or any

Ffuor klhut irora the like Cau

AcrtmtmfJ
"other J^x

irora tl
of that Kind.

2. To moJerate or cure Fluxet that proceed from too
rrlueh motion of tbt Blotid^ - HutMt'iy &X. as He~
morrbages at Ni^f , Litnis\ Stomachy by the tit-
morrhaids, P'JJl"g of BhuJ, immoderate Flux of
Blottd by the Mmfes^ Lochia^ Stool, dfc. when
they proceed from that Caufe, as may alfo fome
Defiuxioni.

3. To JiepFluxti that proceed (as Hippacraiss dys)
from StgTtgation of fiumourj, bycompoOng and
conJiMmng them ; from which Caufe many (u "
Fhxci, as 1 have mentioned, do happen.

But it is not advifable to ufc them in /7«
that are apparently, or very probably, for focedy
and ready Benefit; otherwife (as was Uid of
Pain) ute them to refpite Nature, which they do
as SUep does, nay, in many Cafn^ the Conti.
nuance of their Ufe may quite Cure them, for
the feveral Rtafinr given in tbe beginning of this
Chapter j What 3 pleafant Cure then do fome rc-
fufe that rejeA them ? leaving their P^rifan to be
worn out with difmal Paim, tedious and prifitfe
EvaeuMioni, ■want of Appaits end Di^efiion^ tho
common Confeguences of Diarrheas, T)ifent>
riesf &c.

L The Form of Opiate) in this Cafe fliouW ge*
nerally be foUd, becaufe it flicks better to its
Work ; whereas the Jtuid is more fubjeia tobg
evacuated in Diarrheal, Dyfentmes, and yomitmgs,
tho' fometimes the Li/juiH may be convenient in
Vomitings, as when that Form is more agreeable
to the Stomachy or that you would have a more
(pecdy FfftQ, &-c. In other fluxes, where the
Opiat is not liable to be evaciytod too (bon,
ijidi^rcnt what Form you ufe. jl q

I

L

of Opium ReveaTd. 54^

ll. The Dcfe in FUxes^ where 'tis probable
Tome Part of che Opiate may be carried off with-
out E^eCi, as in Vomitlngi, Dianbcat, Djfevteries,
Cbolerat, '&c. the Dufe muft be ("generally fpeak-
ingj pretty Urge, otherwile a moderate Doft may
feive i In fucb Cafei due Confitieration is to be
had of what is loH by the E-vacHethn^ at which
you may eafily guefs in Vomiting, by what comes
up. il its Colour, SmeU, Te^e^ be obfervcd, as
alio by the Fre^ucncji and VKlence of the Vomitings
and noting how the Stomach clears it lelf of what
is ingefted by the ^aniiiy; and laftiy, by the
EffiS J of which, if what was given fails, more
of the Opiate muft be given by dtgras, till it ftops
the Vomiiing in Ibme meafure.

In LeofeiMJfes give Half the firft Dofe every Four
Howj till the Flux begins to be moderated, then
be more wary in giving it, for what is afterward
pven may have its full Efeli ; therefore be very
cautious, by giving but linall Quantities both in
this Cafe and in yomiting, when they are mode-
rated in ibme degree, becaufe OpUtei then have
their full Effidl without any Dimifimim or Ofpefi.
tien thereof!

In other Fluxet a mederate Defe may ftrve, as
in Pefiuxmi^ Catarrhs, &c. however iet the
Dc/e rather incline to the higheft than the loweft,
and fufficc (if poHible) to caufe Sleep, which is
a great EfieiA in thefe Cales.

Hi, The Vehicle in Vomiting fiiould be fmall in
Qufottityy plealanr, comfortable, and warming,
left you fliould by either QHamity or Quality zwc
any offence to the Stomach i pteafing k anfwers
the lame Intern with the Qpiaie it leif, and has
often good EffcSi without Opium ; for, indeed,
every

35° T^e Myfierfes

every Tlf^fer is propordonably an Ofutc^
Ofmrn is only fuch in an tmenfc and permanet .
mamer ; therdbre the ^'*ri«:/e muft be agreeabW
as fWof, Hippocr^, or ^»e burnt wirh S;>;cs)l
Rofimtny, &c. or the beft Curdiah^ or /f7wwitn9
fbme Ketchup^ Caviare, or AnchoTjisy or a littte
oW Ci/e/e dfifolved in it ilpon the Fire, accord-
ing as the Perfon likes me or che ether ; which
bu (tho' not ufed in common Vrailke) are of
very great Beuift^ where they ire pleafing and
wet) bked oC

In Leofentffef, fuch iP'tnei and CorJiali as are
fAafiringmt rtiouW be afforded (after the peccant
Matter is evacuated^ to comfort che Boveh j but
the memiomd Salt Things are riot Convenient in
tbisC^.

Tn Dtfigxiom^ incranative Centpoftrs are the beft
ytbicles, as Emulfions, &c. See the yehickt for
Compofing, for they are all proper in this Ca{e
alio.

IV. The Timt is at any Hour when there is
Occafion ; but Sleep conducing, the proper TioM
will be (unlefs Nesd otherwife reqiiires> at
due and direfted diltance before Bed-rime.

V. The Regimtn.

I. As to Diet in Vomitingt^ offer nothing
the Stomach but fuch Things, and in fuch S^un.
titksy as was direifted for Vehicles ; only in fo-
miting, before the grieving Matter is difcharged,
it wilt be often convenient, before the Ofme is
givenj to give good Quantiiiei of innocent Di-
luttrsy as luke-warm Water, plain or Carduui-
Poffit, between ilie fom/V/, to dilate snd render

1

I

0/ Opium Revea^ef. 951

the Vomiting more eafie ; but when you would
'flop the Fi/miiing^nk but fmall QaanUsiescX fuch
Things as are above direi^d for Vebida.

DUuters in great Quantity do alio fucceed veiy
well in Loofenrps, to waui off the ill Humourt
before the Opiate is given, and it is the bcft
Trait'tet that Can be J but the Cbaljbeatt Wattn acs I
the very bell for that Purpofe, I'tho' ^"jfif, OT '
very thin ChUkim^ or Muttun Broth, are ufeful)
for it anfwers all good Intenricni-, it dilutet and
qualifies the peccant Humouri, ftrengthens the
BiwtU^ leaves a hifidirg Quality after the Dilu-
tion is made, rcliorcs Affetitt and Digefiimy
which are boch tnuch amils in fuch Cafes^ and
adds .moifture to the BkuJ^ which, is under a
Fret or FehricuU for want thereof, becaufe all
Liqut.li are carried off by Stool -, but much of
this i^oes to the Bleud, where it alfo waihes off
ill jMine Particki ; (o that (believe mc^ it is of
it ielf a moft coraplear and adequate Rtmedy
in fuch C«/>/, if taken co 3 or 4 Quarts for i,
2, or i Days.

1 . Sulld Meat$, or Things hard of Digejliorkf
rauft be avoided, becaufe the Digefiion is infirm,
but Milh thicken'd with Rice or Flower, Rice
Grutls, 2 light Bread or Rice Tndding^ Gellieif
Marmalet f a Tcfi otit of Clurn with Nutmeg.
Ci'inamotij and lome Leaf Sugar, EmulJioHi, M-
mmd Milk, Lhoj-t-CaJusy Ctijtardi, and all fuh-
aftrifigens Incrajjosivei are beftj OS al(b in all De-

Jiuxtoni.

2. As to Sletfwg, and Waking ; ihaf S gotd, and

this had,

3- As to Rep, and Motien; that ij convenient,
this not.

4. A,

4. As to Tajjiom, the jojom are cotivMieaf^

^ grkvoiu not.

§• As CO ^ir, the dry and temperate is beft.

dn As to Exeretim ind Rttemlm^ what is Cud
afeofc is Efficient, (aving that FimiiVi are very
often cofiteidetit (ei{tedany if the iMfentff is od-
cafiMed by the Stomach) to moderate it before
the 0|4ate is ^veiL

^hi^MhMitfMiMriMii^MiriMAi

CHAR

o/ Opiiini ReveitJ. 353

I

CHAP. XXXVII. (j

Of the V/e of tk Panacea p/ Opium, &e.
to caifje Flitxes cr EvacudionJ, si PerJil-

ration. Sweat, &C.

IT (as was (hewn) promotes feme Fluxes, or
Evacuations , by relaxing and opening the
■Pcrei. Therefore,

1. li %s of excellent Ufe la cany aivay noit'mus V^-
purs, or Efiuvia's ^ l>y the fores of {U Skin,- to
prevent Putrefaiiiom, and core them; to carry
bff-vemmoHt Particles in the Plague , irfeEiiom Di.
tempers , Bsii»gs ef SerpenCs , mud Dogs, &c. ill
Pttmes, Wind In the Bloxd^ or Habit oi' the Body^
that caules Stitches, Tumots, &-C,

2. To carry /iff' noxious HuAtours the fame way^
elpeciatly fiich as Magnate or offend in the H*-
hit of the Body j as in Colds, imercatantOus H^ater^
LeucopBlegmalia , and fbmetlmes in Dri/fjies , (as
Dr. iVillu obferves) in DecUnmom of Difeafes, to
carry off chc concofted morbid Matter mRheu.
matifms and Gouri, particularly that which is c^Il'd
t!ie mnlGout.

3. Wiew Per^iration k any way hindred, a.% by
grievous PfiJJions , Senfatkns, (or Pain) acid, au-
Itere, or cold Humcur^ by which many Difenftt
are caiifed. Thus 'tis very ufcful in G^i^f, Sar.
r'atv, AftXicties, Solicitude, Mdantholjy Panick Fears^
Cachexies, Scurvies, Hypochondriacal Cafes j where-
in it performs wonderlully when all things fail, as
you tiad in Cha^. 24.

Aa

4U theMyfteriis

4. Tq promote the Menles or hodtAt^when ^offi
hj reafon of the eonfitiBim of the T?or4i by ioch grte^
vous Vajjions or Stnfations^ or by acid^ Mtfiere^ or
cold Humour/^ cxtortjal CdJ^ &x^ by its rdaidng
and opening the Peres and If^ays^ arid Ibliciring
ihe Par<6: by a gentle agpeeable TitillatUn: Ueoce
. iome jufily call It itA^^^tiAv^f r$p jp^ii^n thaxis^

-i^ 0/>e»er ofttelklcutb of ibe f^einSy (or BhudJ/efi
fels) by which means (as has ftotw #iemi) PeAerty^
Coition^ &c. do kindly and naturally cau/e the
Menfesik^ fkWy ¥di9e cbc £une Adttacian caufei

Mi Tnereafi of JBf9iri, a^ It jdocs oS Milky by Wide*
ning the Te^//. This is all MedMkal Trutby that
will anfwer^ upon Experience^ as the Inoft Inge*
hious^ Dr. Ed'iv. Br mem can ti^el&, who is the
only Man (as &r as i know) that feems to have

fhis Vraaa^.

fedtssy &e. do.

' 6. It maj ptohMj be ef ffreat ufe im cutaneous Du
-Jtempers^ either by taking large (^uaiatitfes of pro-
ffer Liquids^ and fweating them out again by its
«elp, to waflb of ill Fartkles^ or to open the P^es
foi tlie admiffion, of external Medicaments.

Note^ That tliey are natural Fluxes fe proffloteSy
aftd unnatural one^ that it flops ; wliioh proves its
operating as an emire Friend to Nature hoihwajs.

I. The ForrH may be which you pleafe^ or is
tnoft agreeaUe to the tatieat.

II. The Dofe moderate, excep it be when ex-
traordinary Relaxation ot opening of tbe Fores is dQ^
fired«

III. The yebicle fhould be fuch as is proper to
piep are the Humours to pa6 by Sweaty or infen-

fihle

I

bfOipiumRei/eaPJ. 355

fihle Per^irmion, or the Bloud hy the Menfa^and
Lochia J therefore ftioald ('generally i"peaking)'i (.n-
liftof attenuating Things, as^cLnU Spirits s .ind
in the tlague^ vmePKOus and eoWegtou-! C-fci^oi Ak'
xipbarmacki ^ cS Diureticks to priimoie Uiinc;
and (b in alt Cajet of what is piopci in the iclpe-
Aive Humours for [heir E.x:t of i^ 'f^'g .

IV. The Tiffw (becaule 5/«^ codtlut;' roojjen
ihePflwj) maj^be at the due diflahce Lel-jje BtA
timt ; but that hinders not but it may be j^venj
When there is occafion, at any other time.

In the Flague it (hould be fo often given as tij
keep the Fores always open. Mayrm gives an h.
fiance of a Ph^cian that had all Signs oiDeacb^ Pe,
techiis J i Carbuncle^ iLC. who fecovered by taking
Laudamim 6 times a tlay, (I fiippole 24 Hours, or
the natural Day is meant thereby.)

V. The /Jfgiwfwmuti be fuchasi's proper.con^
tenient> and ufual In the rejpedivt Cafes ; for 'tis
endlefi to mention all -, it requires a yolumt.

To taufe Sweaty ttiuch temperate ti'jnids mud
be always given, efpecially in Fctjcts 01 ^ '', f .';V«/,
as the Hy^achanJriacd, &c. Moll part oiil.c Li-
C|mds fhould be given before the Opiate^ that they
may have time to get into the Bloud by thjt time
the O/fiare operates, which does fo fas wasfliewn)
while 'tis at Sccmach.

To niQve the Menftit proper means fliould be
iifed for a due rime before the Ufi thereofj becaufe
the Efe£} expefted in this Caie from Opiates, is
only to open the l^ayi or Pares : So Hitmaurs iii
Leucopblegr^aihTs^ &c. fhould be duly prepared for
the like Reafin.

To canfe Per/piration , it is Convenient in cpld.

tot^itittioni, and eU Pteflt^ gently to warm the

A a 2 Bicui

§5^ TheMyftmei

Blou4 with 2 or ; Glaifes of generous W^tncy i liMd;
GarUck^ Onions, Selery^ or the like^ Co attenuate and
Caufe Evaporation^ which Heat promotes ; but if
you over-heAt the BUud^ it hinders Perj^iration by
Its groining grievous ; for what is iOy caufes Con^
traUion and Clofing of the Vortu

Notty That nothing can be lb good to caufe
ierj^iration or Sweaty becadeit notionly opens the
Tores, but takes away any grievous V^jjum or Sen^
fation that mxj clpfe them, and atenuates, ro-
folves, &c. by its V'oktileSalu

1

CriAP.

ef Opium Reveafd. 357

If

CHAP, XXXVIII.

^ y <. ft

()f the Vfe of tk V^nzceai , 8cc. as a Tir
t illative.

THh it does (as was fhewq) by it? Volatile
Salty as dantharidtSy Beefy PffmirCy Sejn. V'^riL

&c. Therefore,

I. It 4S of great ufe to excite to Venery, canfe Er^-

Bionsy to a&uate a dull Sewen for the faj?e of law^

fpl Propagation,

2,To increafe the Semen j i .By the TitiUation of thq
Venereal Farts y which invites it thither by the 4gi-
tation thereof, as Frication of the Breaftsy and thoftf
Parts^caufe Increafp of Milk and the Semen. 2. By
the Tleafure tliereof relating the Tarts ^ which
caules a greater Flqx of it , (as of Milk to thq
Breajls^ and Nouri(hment to apy P^rt. j

t

It is obfervable how defirous Rachel^ being Bar-
ren! Was of the Opiate call'd t4/mdrakiy fo that Ihe
parted vyith her Beloved Husband \o her Siftec
Leah for ^ Nighj to piirchafe it ; Whether ic was
any means to caiile her to Coripeive, which flit^
^id afterwards, is not to be 4etcrnijned 1 tho' i(
feems not altogether unlikely.

3, Its Ufe to increase Milk is fpoken of in cho
Chapter oVits Ule to Relax , only it does it heie
t^Titillating^ and there ^s Relaxing,

4. It conduces to move the Menfes hy Jts 7/Vi/-
latioT},

Aa 3. y. The

3|5? ^^ Myfierks

5 . The TttiUation of its VoUn'tU Saltj (a$ Camka^
ridesjtl^c, do) waves us to Urine. ■ ' <

r The Form is wholly ^ndifierent

II. The T>ofe muft be Urge^ and generally grca-
ter than any 1 have meaciohcd^ and ftpffiUy re*
quires a Repetition thereof to excite to Venerj j
tho' I rtiali not prefciibe any more than I have
m rhe TMe of Dofes , bi|t leave it to J»^
cioi^ l^hjficians to do as they think fit , ^era
there is a jujt Caufe for it5 U/iy which I wffl not
expofe to every luftfui Goat:

It is pot unlikely but one great Caufe of the

Ignorance of its tjfe to excite Venefy in thefe We-
pern ?arts of the World, may be the fmallnefi , I
of the Dofes that we ufe^ befides the Reafons men-' '

^oned in Cha^. 8. and that luch Circamftances
hiight occafion the Dilutes and ContraJiifians that
have been about the EffeSt of Ofiuf^; whereas
there is nothing more fare than that it has luch
an EffeSf^ (if the Dofe be large enough) and that
moft of the Eafiern Nations ufe it lor 'that end
With infallible EffeS}.

III. The Time fiiould be f or 6 hours before
the &fflS is expedted^ or at Bed-time, to caule
its EffiSs towards the Mornings particularly in the
Cafe of exciting to Fenery.
* IV. The B^egimen.

As t,o Diet , it liiuft be Nourifhing , Warm-
ing, Comfotting, and Titillaring, wifhrealijh^
ing ai^d' high Sauces , Oifters , Anchovy^ Caviare j
Cockles y Ketchups Mango^s^ Garlicky Onions^ Leeks^
Bears Garlicky Rocket / Sives ^ S helot ^ Ginger^ Aro^
maticks y Roots cf Sat yrion^ Feaverfeiv^ Goats^-heari^
Silveif''u;eed y Siimts^ Parfnips^ and Artichoaks.

•• • . / ^ . ■ The

of OfHum ReveaTd. 35^

The tJfe of Ambergrife , Mmk ^ and Civet , is
commended ; but good Stomacb-tPinesy and the
like, are cercairily ot Ufe ; Sim Baccho friget f^e-
nus : But it is certain, ThsLtCamphireandJulphurecus
Things uffermtnted » as Oi/s^ JMni , and /«r Tbiftgf^

oppok TttillMiony as do alio uimy, mueilagjnouj^
and pooling Things.

A a 4 CHAP.

^49 . . 7j&? Myfieifies

mmmmmmmmmmmm^m

I

CHAP. XXXDC

Of the Vfe of the Patiacea ^/Opiu!^ &c. ta
amfc WittchAug.

Have Ihewn how Qfiates caufe Watching in
^ Ibmc Perfonsy by reajon of the pver-agicatiog
and aftuating the Spiritsy and Titillating by Its ^o-^
/^i& 5/?/r ; yet do they, by caufing Vkafure and
jRe/^xtf/io«^luppoi't the Sprits ^ while the extraordi^
hary Ovation of them hinders Sleef.

Therefore it is of Ufe to fuch as it caufes Watch-
ing to, when *tis requifite for them to watch aJx>u(
any Bujimfs^ Labour^ Joum^s^ &c.

I. The form may be either SoUd or Li^juid.
H.' The JDo/e moderate.

III. The Vehicle fliould be Acids^ pr other U-
quids with Volatil^Salts.

IV . The Time may be at any Hour when wanted.

V. The Regimen^ quite contrary to that of
Sleef and Relaxation^ viz^. to life voluntary Mo*
tiony&c.

•I—— ■! ' ■

CHAP.

of O^iumRevet^rd j^t

I

I

I

CHAP. XL.

Of the Alter alive Vfe of the Panacea
of Opium.

YOU fee the mighty Exttnt and £««»■«/ 0)4 of
the Tanacea ef Opium as a Pleaftr of Sulfation^
which takes up the Nine lalt Chpien, to mention
the He^ds of its ttrformimcei without dcJcendiog in-
to all particulars, becaule ch^ir Numbar is inde-
finite.

How univerfal then mud its t^ ht, whet^we
add thereto its Effofts as a confuraraate Alterative
which, I. IniJigoraSes Ndture by comfoning (he Clb-
limeft Principles thereof, -vt-x. the fiufjuivi Setd
and -Spimj, that are theOriginalof all Motion and
Aflion. 2. Fumijhet thim wish an indefaiigaUt Eu-
fhury in the great Bulinefs of our Pre/er^atim.
3. Pmti the hefi Meant into the Hands of invigorated.
Nature fty that £nd, that is, tnoft agreeable Princi-
flei, even more pQwertul, and ot'a greater Energy
than our own; which mull (as agroe^ble and
exalted Mtnfiruums do) refolve all Humours,
angregtaing the good, and homogeneous, and/f-
farating the effete and heterogeneous Parts, which
it, 4. DifcuJJes and dijfifates, by its brisk and a^ive
Volatile Salt-, and at la^^ f. convtys out if the Bodj
^y a liberal terJJiiratioTt, the ff>o/l natural^ univerfal^
andcof'iout Way of Evacuaiiii>.

All which being confidered, it is ( I ihipk } ma-
^ifcft, chtc it muf^ excel all other Panateai.

fgt The Mjifieues

1. Bccaufe it ttkes away the Grievance o^
efDlftaft! upon the •very firji Adminijiratlon thireif,
whereas other Mtdicamenti do that but gradually
as [hey alter or fubdue the Matftr,

2. Becaufeit highly comforts NiTurt for the fitt.
Jiieve Sou!, And Spirit i) f-om the 'very Commerrt.
mens ef the Cure, and through ihe whole ProciS
(hereof, if duly repeated} which other ^c'yc^.
menti do only by infenfible Degrees^ as they gain
upon the Difeafes.

3. Becaufe itfrociires Sleep, the fweet and c'td
Refrefhment of, and firft Cure in Nature, fo
I cannot fee what can be deftred in a Me.'!--.'
that it is not accompJilhed with ; whereas Jther
Panaceas are deficient, or atleaO come very ihort
of ours in thele extraordinary Qii.:lific,)twm^ which
leem to make it abfblutely campkat and cm/km-

I mate.

4. Becaufe it from the very firft compofei aU per.
turbationi and enormoui 'Motions of thzfers^tive Soul
or Spiring which Hdmonc attributes to the Archm-
?jj placing all Difeafes therein, and therefore iayi
" Of. Imag. M^rk Sefl, 1 2, XJmverfale ^uoddam «■-
" canum confopotivum,&' ftdativum Archtti e^ adhi-
•* hindum, that is. An univtrfal Remedy, thttt afpea/it
" the Arcba'Ky flwuldbe ufed. And wnatappealesor
compores it more than,or as much as Opjates ? There,
fore I Cannot wonder that Paracelfas Ihould declare

that it ferved his Turpfe when all \\Kjircanas faii'djor
that Helmont ftiould be in a Rapture upon the Ap.
prehenfion of the Excellency oiOpium if the nasi-
ous Quality were feparated from it, tho* he had a
very wrong Noiion of its Operation as appears,
Potep. Medicam. Seift. 4, where he faysjthat Opium,
Archaum ahigit, dffufat, that is. Opium ebafei tosi

pHts the Archaus tonight, which on the coatrary ™^
highly pleaies, and comfons.

»

pf opium ReveafJ. 3^3

It is endieis, and i ^-f'i vi I'^P'^ni'tee, lode-
(cend into Pansculats in the Uf( of » Paiuce*.
Therefore having ihown how ii operaces by i>rui-
gorathig Natitrty caufm^ Buftory^ Eafty SUef, r«.
felving <^ Humoufi, { as a geucral dMei^rimm, of
Mk'tBtfi ) congregating the gOuA, jcfaralimg^ '^'f"'J0^i
and currying vff the bad FsTticUsy &c. u ronJiinS
Only, that I Ifaow you how to u(e it, i% m Form^
Doje^ &c. leaving the Admlniftiaiioa thereof in
pariicular Calcs to Phyficians, therein coocern'd.

I. The Fvrm, that I mainly .approve of to a!ter,
is the Litjuid^ becaufe the [olid is m ibme Meaforc-
( the' not much ) impatr'd by the Evaporation to
the due dmjijlenci:, and does not confift of the
fineft Parts, as the liquid does.

II. ThePo/e may beat firft about 20 Dnpt,ad-
ding a Drop to every T)o)e, till the Diftempcr is ii^
good meafure abaci;d ; then let the fame Nun^KT
of Drop! be continued till the Perlbn is well, and
afterward abitGd by a Drop every Day till yoa
come to ten, or le(s, or to fuch an tncontideraUe
Diff, [bat you can find no E&ii it all-

Nate, That tho' I am cautious in the Do/p^ till
trufl y Experience gives more j^jfuratsct, yet do 1
believe that HO Inconvenience wilt betbund byfar
greater Dofcs, if by any, unlels very ejccffive, as
I or 2 G^liom of Wwf is in refpeift of a Piiir, which
in liich Dofet may be^ and is injurious.

Such as have Pain to be taken off, muft ufe h as
is direfted in the Chapter of its Uft to take away
J'rfin, gradually encrcafingfo as to keep it off, an^
when the Cure is in great Mea(ure perlbrm'd, mi^
continue and decrealcasisaforefaid ; thelikeisio
be iaid as to Fiuxei, 6ic.

in. It*

3!^4 ^ Myfterm

in. The Vhl^k maybe in general plain fFater^
or rather altered^ and made tricter by an Info/ion of
the Ingredknts of the titter DecaSim^ or 4grim^
nj^ WooJLfage^ Bean Trefoil^ or die like good bitter
Things, that are j^nown by E^cperience to caufe a
good Digefiion.

In particular Cafes the Vehicle may be appropria-
ted to the Difeafe; yet always lb ordering it, that

it may be fiomacbical,

IV. The Time fliould generally be in the Mor-
ning, unlefe Sleep at Nights is to be procured there-
by; if fo^you muft order Things as in the CAj^.
rffroficsUj^ to caufe Sleep,

V. The Megimen muft be exad Terifperance and
Moderation in ait Things, and,

1. As to Diet y let it be appropriated to the D/-
feafesy and always of fuch Things as the Stomach
digefts without any Difficulty or Difiurbance.

2. As to Sleepy it fliould be moderate, yet lb
much as fully recruits and refrelhes.

3. As to Rejt and Motion^ the like Moderation
muft be ufed ; for Motion muft not he woknty or
over- wafting of the Spirits in any R?^e£i j yet muft

fentle Motion and Exercife be ufed ; Riding on
lorfeback (to luch as can do it ) is avery whoJ-
Ibm Exetcife.

4. As to Excretion and Retenfion^you Ihould ne-
ver P«^|^, or yomity during its Ufe^ unlefi there be
a verylpc'cial Caufe ; and then I would have the
Vomit to be only carduated /f^/fr, and jbr Stools
only fo much of the Scots PiS, or Stomach Pilly as
will lerve to open the Body^ to be taken at Bed.
Ttmeyov at fuch '7/»>e of the Night as to caufe no
Difturbance before you are up in the Morning •, but
( generally fpeaking ; caufmg no Evacuation i heft,
but what is thQ Confequence of the Panacea it felf,
which caufes the hefiy moft natural^ univerfaly a:nd
conjid^rable Evacuation by the Pores

' • 5- As

I

0/ opium RevearJ. 3^5

j[. As to the Air the dry, and temperaw 39
fa Seatznd tro/^^BulT-atfier inclining tb Coldnefi
is th« beft i for you cannot Co well err on this
Hand, becaufe the Pora will be kept open, and
Colds prevented in a high manner by the t^eof
the Panaceay bcHdes that CcelneJIis moft agreeable
VoDigefiion.

6. As to Piijjkfss of the Mind» all the grievbUs
ones {hould be avoided, and a hne even Chearfid'
n^maintain'd as mnch as may be ; it will be ve*
ry cafily continued by the Hdf of the Panacea j
which caufcs it above all Things.

1. JJoff, -That thefe DkeUiom do generally
concern its Ufe in Chronical Cafes j for as to acutt
jy'ifeafcs^ and particular Csfti ; it muft be left to tha
Management of the prefent Phjficitm.

2. Noff, That its Ufezi an Evacuati'vehzihttn
fufficiently treated of in the Chapter of its Ufe to
caafe Fluxes and Evacuations.

5. Nute'. That notwithftanding all 1 have Gid
of the moft excellent Salifications ofthe Panacea o(
Opium, I fubmit all to iarther Experieace, at the In-
trodu&ion of which I mainly aim, by endeavou-
ring to take off Peopk^i Fears and Jtaloufits\
which have ever been the greatell Hinderers of
Improvement in Cure, more efpecially in R^e.
ren«totheUie ofOpiates^ (which without DoubtJ
will cure many Difeafei more than ever they were
uftd for, ("at leaft as Alteratives') which if my
Difcourfe does Occafion, I fiiall thank and praife
the Author ofallGoodj for making roe inftrumea-
tal thereto.

CHAPJ

^i6 The Mf^riei

I

CHAP. XLL
Cf the Extmtd Vfi off>\

TS External Ufi is (as the Imemd) «:
tber.

, I. As« Wp4[/h- if Sefjfatimi {w m Opbta ^

tiiHy lb callM. J (^; <

II. As an Alttr^ive.

JRijf , as a P/tfi>/Sr ^ Senfathr^, ( or an Op/^f,
pciperiy andl fpecially ib called > iris icarc^
worch While to tfeat of it ( becaufe of the Vffctr^
tdntjy InejfeSuahiefj Und fethetitfies Dan^r there-
of) unleis it be to camion Men concerning it j for
toy part, 1 feldom or never ufed it externally, un*
ie£ it was in Venice-Treacle , ' Diafcerditim^ or 1£-
tbridate, which have but little Qtfamities thereofjl
tx>r can I fee why it ftbuld be at all ufed extemah
/f as an Oiriate, except it be when Opiates cannot
pe \iSs6 internally, where they have more even, cer-
tain, and better Efeihy or in very few Cafes yiiiidi
Will be mentioned : The mafn therefore that I
can do in this Caje^xs to acquatHt you what others
have found by Experience concerning its external
Ufi.

t. It nas becH found dadgerons tcx apply Opiatei
to (be SuPar^^oftbe Heady it has kilPd fbme^ suni
GaUn is againit it L. 2. de Gom^. Med. I have
(bniewhere read of a Man who, after a certain
Conteft for ViUory, being very hot, took oiF hi§
Helmet to refrefh himfelf after the ViStary he had
^btain'd j which Helmet his Emulators fmearM on"
iht infide with Opium : He afterward put it onV

mSfttbfidied ' , i.U

of opium ^eveaPd. 3^7

2. It is applied more fafely to the Forehead or

■Titnflti, but the Quantity of half a Scruple fliould

not be exceeded \niias Cafe; FerneUiv commends

the Application of it to the Forehead in Hend-

■ Achei, Ibrenfus^ 6t.C mixed with O/WWfwfj; JVe-

'-'■t' did alfo ule Venice Trench and Entracl of

.'. to the Temslti with good Succefs inP.uM of

^ HfaJ), he alio found the like Succe^ in apply.

ing ic be^ ind *he Earu

K- ., ThatttT; Condnuance and Conftancy of
its Operation, wiiere it rakes Effcii applied <*«r-
».-.''>, may be very beneftciai in ibme Cafes ; bui
evei: that may be anlwered by tn-ernal U/e, if it be
repeated.

3 All] ormof^, do agree that it is too acrimo-
nious to be applied to tiie Ejet.
. 4. Ge:giii-Mf, Ftrselias, Hrarjijjw, Scc. do com-
mend it5 life to imell lo^emg made into a Bali Sec*
with odorif^rjiis Things ; and 1 have an Opmon that
this Way of ullng it may be excellent, conditio-
ned, that not above Half a Sa-ufk of Opium be
ufed. I. Becaulebuta finall Quantity, and that
of its finett Parts, is thus rtcci'^ed into the Body,
2 Becaufs it may be removed at Pleafiire, and
riiefij ( as (bme lay J the EfftS jinraediacely cea-
fes. This ia very well worch the experimenting ;
for it would be very neat to be able to caule Sleef^
and )ts other Epiis with Safety, as long, or as ihorc
a' Tiwcy as we pleaft, and no longer \ for this
cannot he done, when 'v. is tnitmaliy given, btit
its Opel Jilon will have its Courfe, without excraor-
dinary M'S.ins and Trouble; but when exurvaSy
tiled, the loy Caufe of the Danger ( if aoylhoula
happen^ c.iii b'^ iiiimLdiately removed, by ta-
king of ch^ 0;f..'fi hom the Nofe.

y. 'J hdC ' >! ij( -.^crMJ, and Z-«ii^/«/,ufinf; only one
Grata of Optun to the PunHwe, or httle if^eunJ
made

^»8 ' TUMjJieries

^ftiisde by a Lffrfi. behind the £^ to caufe Skefil
^jriM that with JEjlf^^; feenisto me to he attributea
^iboxtiqt\\cBlecding^^ which always inclines Men
*ko fleep^ than tB the Of turn.
* 6^ Crude Opiym has kilPd Pfcople by putting it
\}nho\\o^Te€th^ is/fonie. Oblervers aver.

^' 7/^ Applied tbtbe£^/, it relaxes, aiid fas it
-Wcce ) rcfolrd; thc'^ Yyvipah and other delicate

Membranes concerned, and thereby offends the
^Hearing.
• ' \p. Gakn feems to be' againft the Jkpplication of

it to = the Nape of the Neck^ becaute lb peir tHe

Grjgjnai of 'ehe Nerves^

-N'/(r, That. It IS not convenient to ufe it, wberb
-Refhhsian^ j^nd Refabc^tion^ may do any Harni^^

Was laid of che Tyfnpan of the Ear^ &C.
•' '10. VcTficeTreacle^MitiriJatey and PiafcorJiuPf,
•arc lafely applied externally to th6 Region of th*e

Stomachy toippeafc Vorhhing and Hiccoughs^ mo-

derate LoofefkJJes, &c.

1 1. Savanarola and OBavius Hor/ttiaiff4s ufed ft
to the NaveUo qaufe Sleepy and wkh Rue^ Myrrb^
Frankincenfe^ and IVax^ lomov^loStool ^ which it
performed Cas the laft mention^ Author i^tys.)

12. Sylvit4S ufes it in his carminatvue Plaffier t6
dilcuis Wind, whidi is rational.

I J. Some of the Ancients applied it to the TerL
fiaum^ Kidney $y Regiop of the Pub^^ &C. to chill
Venus by t\\^ cold Quality they attributed to it, which
is all Stf^ grounded Upon that rpoft abford Jiyfdr
ibefis.

14. They alio attributed its /^y2fo/Mvi Qpalitjf
to Cold\ than which nothing does mbrjS fafterf,
ind caufe the Hair to grow ; as you (ee ih Winterr
Time^ when all F«rrjare longer, and faftned becr
ter to the Skin. Into what Fooleries a f^l|e Oplnktf
ivill lead People*

If. It

i

of opium Reveard, 3^^

jf. It has been u!ed by Hieron MercuTtalti'mVl-
wj-jof the Wdw^ with Succefi, and without danger,
as he (ays, L.^de Mark Mul, c. 7. p. 28 1 .

16. It has kiii'd People in Clyfien by (licking to
the Jmefiimm rtHutHj which was doubtlefs by
Reafon of its Rofin^ for it has nothing in it belides
(he Ro(in that can Aick to do any manner of
Harmj which is a moft dtmenfiraii'ue Sfii/onofthc
TfrnicioufntlS of its RDpn, for if it can kill there,
much more where there is fuch exquifite Senftam,,
as is at Stomach.

However, 'tis known by Experience that f«M(
7reacU and DiafccrMum are, becaufe of the Dif-
femination of the Opium, and foiallncfi of the
Quantity, iafe in Cl^ficrs, and very ufefu! in D/-
fenitr'ui and Diarrhaai, as our Panacea muii be,
that has no Rcjin in it, and diflblvable in ffaier^
or any Humours of the Body.

1 7. It may be ufed in Suppojirories when the R»fim
is feparated from it, but 1 would not advjle the
Ufe of above 4Gr«i>i;inthisCafci orif8or/«»>be
nfid, the Suppofitery Ihould not remain long in the
Body. This I lay for Caution's fake.

iS. It has been u[ed reduced to znOoimmtnt or
Balfam with Oil cf Rofa, Sec. v; \.^ Soals of the
f <ef, to caufe Sleep, with good Succcfs. Valtntim
PotiJumutyJUJe DoUribuiCafilt. f. -,S.

19. D. Francifc. HHJejheim aflerts, that ic takes
•way Fain in Cautemt, but Oy it is apt to caufc
Gratigrens,

26. Crofffwiinhis Baftl.Chym.f.i'i^. Ijys, That
2 Pills of Opium, each containing 8 Grains, being
pat up into the S^ojirih, ftopt a defperate Hsmer-
rhage M N^e; but I /hould hardly truftitin thii
Cme. Poflibly the BUud niighc Oop by fome
other Caufe, a Imall J>eH<fuium not olaetved, or
the like; for OW/^wMmi ftill all Motion byaliid-
den Rjsldxmh» which fas has been laid ) fufnends
Bb all

37*3 The MyfterieS __

M\ Humaurs, and weakens the Motion of tii«
Heirc, (it kdoesnoc Ibnietimes quit^take it oSl
for the Time.

StamMy, as an AUiratlvt Empla/^kk^ &c it (as
was Ihown ) hctdci, refolves^ eli/caps, rpoliejUt^ m«.
tarares, fnppuratet, 3.nd li J>filo[brkh And tititlativi
Therefore is of Ufe^

I. In Vhltgmatick and OedematQiis Tumouri,

a In WfnJy Tumour], Valm, Stitehety £CC.

^. To ripen Boih^ Buhotiy ^^/cf/?»j and the Ukb

4. In all bariTumwrso^mtSptletn^ Bfea^s, Cgn-
««,, Tepheufvefj &c. in which Cafei it is fas Other
Opiatti are) of excellent l7/>, by their poweriUI
refehhig and relaxing Faculties,

. J. To caufe Nourishment (f Parts, Increale of
Milk, &c. by Relaxation ^ as Sleep, Pukert/t Pita.
fare. Sec, do ( as has been Diown. ) J

6, To caufe the ^lediing of Hair by Rip>ktimd[\
the Part/, as by 3 Caujiick^ Vepeatory, Scc. md\
which it agrees in its exulcerating Faculty, when it
is very (Irong, as the true Majlacb^oi imt ) whidi
we have not.

7. To excUt to f^emry hy its titillating VoUtikSi^,
if apply'd to the Perm/ettm,

I

YE hlejfed Mindi f
What in fire The

who in an inSani know i
What in five Tboufand Years none bcre belcnrV
Could learn / How mean are we ? bow great tre yon ff
O, for your happy Scaie I while dull Manidnd
Oft' fte tad feel the Thingj ihey eamut find. .

I

c

I

of Opium Reveal d. 37 1

Wix) did noxfee tbe Bloud move to and fro ?

Yet could xlbne its CitcuUtion know.

Till ^odenligbten'd Harvey ; then did he

Peroeive what others feeit^ oould mtfie.

So till God was to my Enquiries kind,

AiiUions fought and felt what they ne're could fiad*

What is vain Man, without th' all Ipmim Mind}

7a whom sll Glory be f MIThankf* md Bri^o^

As wati n nm^ and fit to be atmajft,

Jl^$fM* ^M€ff* AfMHp^

FINIS.

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